2 research outputs found
Π‘Π ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠ― ΠΠ¦ΠΠΠΠ Π‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ― Π₯ΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ₯ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ VISCUMALBUM L. Π VISCUM ALBUM SUBSP. AUSTRIACUM (WIESB.) VOLLMANN
Π£ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½-Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π°ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Ρ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈ, ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΠΈΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»., Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ, ΡΠΊΠ° Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ, Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ-Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ-ΡΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΈ, Π· ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ, Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° Π΅Π΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ² Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½-Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΊ Π°ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡ, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΡΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π±ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΊΡΠ², Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ-Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ². ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π», Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Π·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ
Π²Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
Β β ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ» Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ² Π·Π° Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Π·Π° ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
. ΠΠ°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ±ΠΈ Π· Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ.The widespread dissemination of mistletoe is actual now. Viscum album is a perennial evergreen plant parasitic on the branches of many deciduous trees. Its subspecies, Viscum album subsp. Austriacum, grows on conifers, mostly on pine trees. In Belarus mistletoe Austrian is listed in the Red Book. If we study the elemental composition and determine the dynamics of mineral substances in the leaves of the semiparasite, its haustoria, and also the wood of the host plant and compare this dynamics on deciduous and coniferous species in the defeat of the mistletoe, we will find the mechanisms of protection from hemiparasite. The amount of Ca and K in wood, haustoria and leaves of plants, their role and quantity are determined and comparative analysis of Cu and S is shown in the paper. The indicators of deficiency or excess of copper coincide with the indices of Zn, Mn and Mg. B provide the plant with intensive cellular differentiation. Ni and Fe values are highest in the leaves of mistletoe of all plants, and in Haustorium, which may indicate a high concentration of heavy metals. Pb, Co, Sr and others accumulated in wood and haustorium, which indicates the weakening of the host plant. Phosphorus in healthy plants is concentrated mainly in reproductive or young organs. Na is not critical in the development of plants, in the absence or lack of potassium, it easily replaces it. According to the literature, the treatment of the effects of Viscum album and Viscum album subsp. Austriacum on host plants is ambiguous. Some authors consider it a killing plant, others β an indicator. Mistletoe is able to accumulate heavy metals in leaves and haustoria, which, most likely, weakens the plant on which it lives. Also mistletoe feeding on the mineral elements of the host takes away from it the necessary set of useful substances for full life support and stimulates the development or accumulation of some elements in place of others, for example, barium. Thus, we may conclude that today there is no common opinion in the methods of combating Viscum album and its subspecies. The only effective method is the mechanical removal of mistletoe bushes from the host tree.Π ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ-Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΏΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»., Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»Ρ Π°Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»Ρ Π°Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ-Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ-ΡΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ, Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ-Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π»ΠΈΠΏΡ, ΡΠΎΡΠ½Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π², Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ-Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π», Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
Β β ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ