Stress and Strain State Analysis of Defective Pipeline Portion

The paper presents computer simulation results of the pipeline having defects in a welded joint. Autodesk Inventor software is used for simulation of the stress and strain state of the pipeline. Places of the possible failure and stress concentrators are predicted on the defective portion of the pipeline

Building the capacity to solve complex health challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa : CARTA’s multidisciplinary PhD training

Objectives: To develop a curriculum (Joint Advanced Seminars- JAS) that produced PhD fellows who understood that health is an outcome of multiple determinants within complex environments and that approaches from a range of disciplines is required to address health and development within the Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa. We sought to attract PhD fellows, supervisors and teaching faculty from a range of disciplines into the program. Methods: Multidisciplinary teams developed the JAS curriculum. CARTA PhD fellowships were open to academics in consortium member institutions, irrespective of primary discipline, interested in doing a PhD in public and population health. Supervisors and JAS faculty were recruited from CARTA institutions. We use routine JAS evaluation data (closed and open ended questions) collected from PhD fellows at every JAS, a survey of one CARTA cohort and an external evaluation of CARTA to assess the impact of the JAS curriculum on learning. Results: We describe our pedagogic approach arguing its centrality to an appreciation of multiple disciplines and illustrate how it promotes working in multidisciplinary ways. CARTA has attracted PhD fellows, supervisors and JAS teaching faculty from across a range of disciplines. Evaluations indicate PhD fellows have a greater appreciation of how disciplines other than their own are important to understand health and its determinants and an appreciation and capacity to employ mixed methods research. Conclusions: In the short-term, we have been effective in promoting an understanding of multidisciplinarity resulting in fellows using methods from beyond their discipline of origin. This curriculum has international application

Development of safety system in salmon fish farms of the Murmansk region

The study presents the development of a biosafety system in aquaculture activities on the territory of the Murmansk region, accounting for the existing scientific developments and recommendations. The authors’ scientific and practical experience in cultivating the hydrobionts in the conditions of the Polar region is the core of the study. The materials for the development of the regional biosafety program of salmon cages farms were the longstanding epizootic and ichthiopathological studies of the department of fish physiology and diseases, aquaculture objects of the Murmansk Regional Animal Disease Control Center (2013–2019). The most significant risks for salmon net farms of the Murmansk region are: carrying out activities in the zone of risky fish farming; lack (or scarcity) of high-quality nursery material of domestic origin, absence of the center for research and prevention of fish diseases; the absence of the specialized enterprise for aquaculture waste disposal. The developed system of practical safety of aquaculture enterprises in the region will allow managing the risks through certain efforts and events. The principles of biosafety system development in accordance with the environmental requirements and associated conditions for maintaining the epizootic and ichthyopathological safety in the commercial cultivation of fish are considered. Preventive measures to maintain epizootic safety in fish farms have been developed. Suggestions and recommendations are formulated to conduct safe aquaculture activities in the conditions of the Murmansk region. A integrated approach to biosafety through certain risk management activities is aimed at solving the problems of preserving the health of cultivated objects resulting in the maximal feasibility of the enterprise and maintaining the biodiversity of natural communities and environmental sustainability in the region

Features of infective endocarditis in injection drug users

Aim. To reveal the peculiarities of clinical manifestations of infectious endocarditis in injection drug addicts.Material and methods. Clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic manifestations of infectious endocarditis in 40 injecting drug addicts and in 21 patients of control group were analysed. Among injection drug users there were 22 men aged 40,0±2,9 years and 18 women aged 29,5±2,3 years. The history of the disease, clinical manifestations, laboratory markers of inflammation, the results of bacteriological blood tests, and the dynamics of the state during therapy were analyzed. Echocardiography at admission to hospital and at the end of treatment was carried out on a Vivid E-9 apparatus using transthoracic and transesophageal probes. The electrocardiogram was recorded in 12 standard leads. All patients underwent an x-ray examination of thoracic organs or multispiral pulmonary tomography, ultrasound of the liver and spleen. Statistical analysis of the research results was conducted using Statistica 7.0, Microsoft Office Excel.Results. We determined significantly younger age of patients in the group of injection drug users (p<0,05). The most frequently detected manifestation of infective endocarditis in both groups was fever. According to echocardiography data, tricuspid valve isolated localization of endocarditis was found in 90%. Radiographically, 8,2% of drug-dependent patients had signs of pneumonia (often bilateral multisegmental), regarded as a manifestation of the thromboembolic syndrome by vegetation particles. Splenomegaly (75%) was detected in the majority of drug addicts, less often — hepatomegaly (47,5%). Manifestations of chronic heart failure were detected only in 12,5% of patients who use drugs, the kidneys were less involved in the process. An association of infective endocarditis with HIV infection (72,5%) and hepatitis C was detected in 97,5% of patients.Conclusion. Knowing of the infective endocarditis features in drug addicts makes it possible to improve the approaches to the diagnostics in earlier periods of its progression and thus makes the treatment of these patients more promising