Influence of the water flow lens system on performances of the different laboratory made Sb2S3-based and commercial solar cells

Here, the behavior of different types of solar cells at a low light intensity, measured with and without using the water flow lens (WFL) system is investigated. This system enables the cooling of the surface of the solar cell/modules/panels, indirectly cooling the surrounding, and allows investigating of the influence of higher or lower intensities of the light with the inevitable change in the spectrum. All of these effects are very important and can greatly contribute to the better photovoltaic performance of the observed cells. In this study, laboratory-made and commercial solar cells were studied at 5 % sun and (or) 35 % sun using a tungsten and halogen lamp, respectively. Comparing the obtained results performed when the WFL system is used and left out, it was confirmed that the WFL system facilitates obtaining better photovoltaic properties for all investigated solar cells.IX Serbian Ceramic Society Conference - Advanced Ceramics and Application : new frontiers in multifunctional material science and processing : program and the book of abstracts; September 20-21, 2021; Belgrad

Optical properties of ZnO/Zn/WO4 composite nanoparticles

ZnO/ZnWO4 composite rod-like nanoparticles were synthesized by lowtemperature soft solution method at 95º C with different reaction times (1-120 hours), in the presence of non-ionic copolymer surfactant Pluronic F68. Optical properties such as reflection and room temperature photoluminescence of obtained samples showed strong dependence on their crystallinity and composition.Physical chemistry 2012 : 11th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 24-28 September 201

Study of iodine (n) and tin (p) doped Sb2S3 nanoparticles by detail X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were used for analyzing the incorporation of iodine (I) and tin (Sn) into the stibnite (Sb2 S3 ) lattice obtained via the hot- injection method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique revealed the visible presence of one phase, the pure orthorhombic structure of Sb 2 S3 with the Pnma group. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed long columnar structures with length of few nanometers and diameter of about 150 nm.The incorporation of I and Sn into Sb 2 S3 was verified by comparing the XPS spectra of the non-doped Sb2 S3 and iodine and tin-doped samples, by the distinctive appearance of characteristic 3d peaks of iodine and tin. As well, the relative amounts of I and Sn dopants were determined from the I 3d5/2 and Sn 3d 5/2 , respectively. The obtained, lesser than expected, amount of dopants is likely due to a possible weakening of I and Sn signals. Shifting of the valence band towards higher (I-doped Sb2S3 ) or lower (Sn-doped Sb2 S3 ) energies, related to the non-doped sample, also confirmed the successful incorporation of dopant atoms in the Sb2 S3 lattice.IX Serbian Ceramic Society Conference - Advanced Ceramics and Application : new frontiers in multifunctional material science and processing : program and the book of abstracts; September 20-21, 2021; Belgrad

Reverzibilni sistemi na nanometarskoj skali

"Monografija ... priređena je dokt. disert. 'Reverzibilna agregacija čestica na nanometarskoj skali (od jednostavnih soli do virusa) odbranjena 17. juna 2004. godine na Univerzitetu Utrecht u Holandiji ... " --> podatak sa korica.Thesis "Reversible aggregation on nanometer length scales (from simple salts to viruses)" available at [https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/787]

Designing of hollow AgI spheres by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

A theoretical model which describes the mechanism of droplet formation, structures of the complexes used in the precursor solution and hollow AgI particles prepared by the process of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) was investigated. Theoretical approaches described very well the properties of silver iodide particles collected and aged in 2-propanol after the USP process. The morphology of hollow silver iodide particles aged in 2-propanol was found to be connected with the mechanism of surface precipitation caused by low precursor density. In addition, the structures of small complexes used are directly connected with structural changes in the synthesized hollow AgI particles. The proposed model and experimental results imply that the structure of the starting thermodynamically stable AgI complexes, used for the first time as a precursor solution, affects the final particle structure. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Additional Lighting Effects for Photovoltaic Improvements in the Performance of Solar Cells

The basic function of the water flow lens (WFL) system is to cool, decrease, and increase light intensity with inevitable spectral oscillations, but in reality, that manipulation helps to better understand the possible additional optical and light effects and, thus, the nature of light itself, in the hopes of making significant progress toward the use of solar energy. According to the published research on a variety of solar devices, including commercial monocrystalline and amorphous Si-solar cells, differently designed Sb2S3-based solar cells made of synthesized undoped and doped semiconductors, and dye-sensitized solar cells (Dyesol/Greatcell Solar DSL 30 NRD-T) with varying sensitizers and cosensitizers, photovoltaic performance using the WFL system can show significant improvements in all tested conditions. Based on all previous results on different solar devices, many potential explanations for demonstrating common extra-light effects for an increase in the performance of solar cells are experimentally compared and discussed. The theoretical history of the nature of light is reviewed, and our findings are commented on along with new disclosure

Colloidal synthesis of Sb2S3 nanorods/bars with strong preferred orientation

We report the synthesis of antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) nanorods/bars via a simple, low-cost and colloidal synthetic method. The as-synthesized Sb2S3 nanorods/bars with different heating times from the moment of appearance of the Sb2S3 precipitate at 240 degrees C are the longest and thinnest in the beginning (diameters of 50100 nm and lengths of 3-5 mu m). UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy reveals that the optical band gap energy of the Sb2S3 nanorods/bars slightly decreases with increasing the heating times in the range of 1.54, 1.50 to 1.47 eV at the red part of the solar spectrum. The structure of Sb2S3 for all free samples was refined down to the R-factor of 9.57, 5.43 and 6.19%. The refinement showed that Sb2S3 powder belongs to the orthorhombic type with space group Pbnm (no. 62). It was found that Sb2S3 nanorods/bars predominantly grow along the [010] direction. The preferred orientation parameter (tau) refined against experimental data is quite high and is found to be 1.42, 1.21 and 1.19 for all three samples observed. A decrease in unit cell parameter b followed by increasing the heating times was observed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Influence of Different Light Sources, Light Intensities, and Water Flow Lens (WFL) System on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performances

Recently, dye-sensitized solar cells demonstrated a superior performance under ambient light conditions. In this study, the influence on dye-sensitized solar cell performances was investigated under different light sources, light intensity, spectra, and water flow lens (WFL) system. Three types of light sources (xenon, halogen, and tungsten) with various spectral distributions (spectra) were used. Dyes-sensitized solar cells with varied sensitizers and co-sensitizers were tested depending on the light sources. Higher efficiency was obtained under irradiance of tungsten and halogen lamp in comparison to the xenon lamp, specifically at lower light intensities. Additionally, a new way of spectral adjustment was demonstrated. The use of a WFL system changes the distribution of spectra and remarkably influence for better performances of solar cells and efficiency values up to 30%. The results revealed that at lower light intensity, the influence of spectra was dominant and by changing spectral distribution various values of efficiency can be obtained. Also, a great influence on solar cells characteristics had a light source used for measurements. IEE

The role of low light intensity: A step towards understanding the connection between light, optic/lens and photovoltaic behavior for Sb2S3 thin-film solar cells

We report here an optic/lens system that we used so far, for cooling the surface of solar cells, the reduction of light intensity and the change of light distribution that reaches the surface of the solar cell. The objective was to improve photovoltaic characteristics under very low light illumination, as well as to understand the connection between light, optic/lens and photovoltaic behavior for Sb2S3 thin-film solar cells. Et was found that for all so far designed thin-film solar cells made and based on the synthesized Sb2S3, optics/lens system causes an Increase in open circuit voltage (V-oc) and short circuit current (I-sc) and thus the efficiencies of made solar devices. Values of energy gaps for the thin-films made devices were in the range from 1.4 to 2 eV. Improvements of the photovoltaic response of the designed devices are found to be better at the lower light intensity (S% sun), than at higher intensities of light. For the same intensity of light used optic/lens improves the efficiency of the devices, by changing the light distribution. Other processes that are related to the optics/lens system, leading to an increase in I-sc and V-oc and consequently to an increase in efficiencies of the designed devices, are investigated. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The improved photovoltaic response of commercial monocrystalline Si solar cell under natural and artificial light by using water flow lens (WFL) system

The performances of a photovoltaic system based on high-efficiency commercial monocrystalline Si solar cell associated with the water flow lens (WFL) system are investigated. This system enables the cooling of the surface of the cell, indirectly cooling the surrounding, and, on the other hand, it allows us to investigate, depending on the position of the cell and the WFL system, the influence of larger and smaller intensities of the light with the inevitable change in the spectrum. All of these effects are very important and can greatly contribute to the better photovoltaic performance of the used cells. Indoor characterization at higher and lower light intensities is performed using both different spectra and intensity of the light. The obtained results show that at low/lower light intensity, spectra are more dominant than the intensity of light itself and that the used WFL system always improves the photovoltaic response leading to a higher efficiency of the tested solar cell. It was found that the ratios of the short circuit current (I sc ) and the input light energy (P input ) are 4.42 and 8.96 without and with the use of the WFL system in the measurements, respectively. The same Si solar cell is also tested in outdoor condition, but this time using the WFL system to concentrate sunlight to produce a larger amount of power and water flow for cooling the surface of the solar cell. Again, a higher efficiency (an increase from 25.7% to 33.5%) by using the WFL system was obtained. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd