Leadership Differences: Internationalization, Size and Development

Successful leadership is one of the most important factors contributing to the company\u27s success, and can be defined in several ways that will be mentioned below. Leadership can be defined as the skill to encourage employees to voluntarily participate in the realization of the objectives of the company. Leadership is important for all groups of companies. Although the leadership in most of the cases represents the characteristics of leader, there are still specifics that are important to certain groups of companies. This paper will expose the reflections, as well as previous studies related to the specifics of leadership with regard to international orientation, stage of development and size of business. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

Bibliographic Analysis of Basic Leadership Models in a Global Environment

Leadership is one of the functions of management, and unlike other management functions, it cannot be partially transferred to others, so leadership becomes the most important and real function of management. It is a ubiquitous and current topic because successful leadership is a skill that is present in different aspects of life and organizations, such as in a company, the state, in wars, or within the family. The art is to influence other people and relationships so that they are willing to achieve set goals. Leadership is an action, not a position that is automatically gained by a position in an organization. The phenomenon of leadership and successful leaders always capture the attention of not only the scientific but also the social public. Given the large number of studies conducted and studies written on the importance and the impact of leadership, numerous models, approaches, and leadership theories have been formed. The paper aims to shed some light on the research trends of leadership types in scientific literature. The Scopus database has been researched using the keywords “leadership type”, which resulted in 127 journal articles. A bibliographic analysis has been conducted with the focus on the timeline of publications, trends in leading authors, institutions, and countries, and the financing institutions analysis. Citation analysis has also been conducted with the focus on papers with the highest number of citations. Topics of the papers have been analyzed using the text mining analysis, which revealed a variety of management-related topics

Impact of Leadership Style to the Business Performance: Balanced Scorecard Approach

Leadership in modern business plays a crucial role in the business success of companies. Previous studies were focused mainly on measurement of financial performance management. The aim of this paper is to explore the extent to which leadership styles affect the success of the company using the system of balanced scorecard approach. A survey was conducted on a sample of Croatian companies, and Leadership Style Questionnaire has been used. The results showed that autocratic leadership has mostly negative impact on process efficiency and knowledge and employees management. Democratic leadership has mostly positive impact on all aspects of efficiency measured by a system of balanced scorecard approach. Laissez-faire leadership has significantly less impact on the efficiency then the other leadership styles. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

Analysis of the Leadership Style in Relation to the Characteristics of Croatian Enterprises

Given the specificity of leadership, as well as the characteristics of the leader and their associates, but also the current business situation, it is necessary to adapt at all times in order to achieve maximum results together with employee satisfaction. The goal of the article is to explore the presence of different leadership styles (authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire) in Croatian enterprises. Survey research was conducted on a sample of enterprises, and level of usage of different leadership styles was measured using Leadership Styles Questionnaire. Six groups of enterprises were compared using Mann-Whitney test according to the level of usage of different leadership styles: (i) small and medium enterprises ( ≤ 250 employees); (ii) large enterprises ( > 250 employees); (iii) enterprises in the growth and maturity phase (leaders); (iv) enterprises in the stagnation phase (followers); (v) enterprises with the main orientation towards international market, and (vi) enterprises with the main orientation towards domicile market. Results indicated that democratic style is the most present in all groups of enterprises, but in some groups of enterprises autocratic and laissez-faire are also often present

The Balanced Scorecard System: The Perspective of International Orientation

Introducing a balanced scorecard system may assist managers in identifying four dimensions and recognizing cross-functional interactions, which can ultimately lead to better problem solving, decision making, and business growth. Monitoring a company\u27s key performance indicators (KPIs) can improve organizational performance and enhance shareholder value. A survey was prepared and distributed to 60 managers from Croatian businesses to investigate the relationship between business success as assessed by a balanced scorecard system. The questions were based on the balanced goal system, a four-dimensional model for measuring business performance that covers financial performance, knowledge, and employees, processes success, and market performance. It was used to assess managers\u27 perceptions of foreign and domestic businesses. Furthermore, a two-step cluster analysis was conducted. The results indicated that the respondents who are dominantly oriented towards the international markets share identical perspectives on the importance of the company\u27s performance as those in the predominantly domestic markets

Innovation and Leadership Style in Croatian Companies

Innovations present a key role of development and success of the companies. Fostering innovative approach in companies has several advantages. Innovation activities lead to competitive advantage, higher economic growth and better position on the global market. Furthermore, companies that are open to innovation, enable more efficient cooperation and communication between different business units through knowledge and information sharing. Motivated employees are ready to work on new and creative activities which lead to higher profitability and satisfied clients who prefer innovated products or services. Leadership style also effects on employees’ results and their readiness to accept new ideas and changes that will improve business performances. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between enterprise success and leadership styles. In order to determine characteristics of the relationship, multiple regression models have been conducted. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

The Role of Croatia in Pan-European Corridors: Impact on Croatian Export

International exchange provides the implementation of significant cargo flows that connect the largest industrial, transportation and commercial world centers. By joining the European Union, Croatian transport infrastructure has become a part of the European transport network. Pan-European transport corridors are defined traffic routes in Central and Eastern Europe that contribute to cohesion of the countries through which these routes pass. Croatia, as part of Pan-European transport corridor network, is intensively involved in the plans for its development. Additionally, Croatia has finally acquired preconditions to start the implementation of an intensive linkage of the reference points of which Croatian economy, but also the whole region, will have benefits. However, without investing in the reconstruction of railways, roads and inland waterways, it is impossible to improve the international activity of Croatia. Therefore, the emphasis of this paper is in pointing out the importance of generation the single program which includes complete Croatian transport system. The great plan must be based on coherent policy and long-term strategy because only such an approach can transfigure Croatia into a serious and equal partner in the European Union. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

Export Activity of Croatian Companies: Does Innovation Matter?

The Republic of Croatia is geographically part of Eastern Europe. On this market, Croatia has accomplished the best results in export. The structure and the amount of foreign trade of the national economy depend on technological achievements, organizational superiority and managerial skills, and on that basis, lower costs, with an emphasis on high quality and differentiation of products and services. Following the aforementioned, in the modern economy, innovation often represents the key competence of a company. However, the complex nature of innovation is evident in the theoretical approach to innovation, contradictory results of studies and distinctive analyses of the impact of innovation on certain economic aspects. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to examine the innovations of goods and services in service of increasing the export in Eastern Europe on the sample of Croatian companies engaged in export activities. Results of the survey showed that innovation activities of companies, directed at the Eastern European market, have a negative impact on export activities in these markets. This result indicates actually that Croatian companies participate in foreign markets with already tested, wellestablished and well-known products. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p