Geoecological aspects of technogenic impact on the territory of raw materials production for construction

The article is devoted to the problem of inconsistency of needs of the modern stage of the life activity of human society and the possibilities of self-restoration of Earth's geospheres. The increase in the technogenic load and the rate of consumption of natural resources leads to a disturbance of the natural balance. On the example of territories of mining of non-metallic materials, it is shown how technogenic transformation of the natural environment provokes extensive negative consequences. As a result of the quarrying of non-metallic raw materials for the construction industry, the relief, microclimate, hydrological and hydrogeological regimes of the territories, the state of ecosystems, and the pollution of the environment are changing. In the vast territories of the deposits themselves and areas adjacent to them, dangerous exogenous geodynamic processes (suffosion, erosion, landslides, screes, etc.) develop. To preserve the natural balance, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive monitoring in the areas of deposits and introduce a system of recultivation measures

Development of the underground erosion of the soils adjoining the concrete constructions (on the example of Zagorsk pumped storage power plant, ZPSPP-2)

The matter of such a dangerous geological process as suffosion is briefly considered in the article. Some examples of destruction and removal of the suffusion unstable breeds on the contact with the concrete structure are given. Sone cases of vertical (downward and upward) and sloping streams in relation to a concrete construction are considered. It is proved that after the formation of the primary underground channel the suffosion process passes into the erosive one. This transition is smoothly and gradual, hidden from the immediate observation. However, the erosive process development leads to the repeated increase in the intensity of the incoherent soil destruction. In case of existence of soil removal zone, not only the large underground channel is formed, but also large cavities in the zone of contact of the concrete structure and the soil massif are formed. It quite often leads to the emergency situations. Studied the example of the Zagorsk PSPP-2 (ZPSPP-2). The development of the erosive process under the ZPSPP-2 building led to the formation of large cavities (up to 10 m) and to the general subsidence of the building of the plant and of the retaining wall 3 (RW3) on 1.17 m down

Geological aspects of the suffusion processes development within the city agglomerations

Some examples of suffusion processes in the urbanized territories, connected with the increased technogenic load of soil of the bases of structures and facilities of transport infrastructure are considered. Examples of suffusion development at the facilities of road infrastructure and at the projects of hidrotechnical construction are given. The reasons and regularities of suffusion processes development are revealed. Formation of suffusion holes is demonstrated on the example of the facilities of the largest megalopolis of Russia (Moscow), the city of Volgograd and the federal Moscow-Simferopol highway. The lack of proper consideration of this promptly developing process annually results in significant economic and ecological damage. The generalizing conclusions are drawn and the qualitative recommendations on prevention of suffusion development and minimization of damage in case of suffusion processes are made

Some geoecological aspects of suffosion danger in the road infrastructure using

Danger of emergence and extension of suffosionprocessesis considered on the example of some objects of the road infrastructure. Need of the analysis and accounting of suffosionrisk in construction and operation of highways is proved. The model which is showing the mechanism of suffosion destruction of soils, hidden from direct observation in natural conditions, is given. The results of the experiment which is directed for the studying the features of extension of slope suffosion process near Schmidt Direction Street of Moscow are presented. The possibility of forecasting of emergence and extension of suffusion processes under the influence of natural and technogenic factors, and also determination of the amount of the expected underground and surface suffosionmanifestations (zones of destruction, cavities, failures, decreasing, etc.) is shown. Conclusions of the initiating reasons of suffosion processes on objects of road infrastructure and some preliminary recommendations for their prevention are made

Some geoecological aspects of suffosion danger in the road infrastructure using

Danger of emergence and extension of suffosionprocessesis considered on the example of some objects of the road infrastructure. Need of the analysis and accounting of suffosionrisk in construction and operation of highways is proved. The model which is showing the mechanism of suffosion destruction of soils, hidden from direct observation in natural conditions, is given. The results of the experiment which is directed for the studying the features of extension of slope suffosion process near Schmidt Direction Street of Moscow are presented. The possibility of forecasting of emergence and extension of suffusion processes under the influence of natural and technogenic factors, and also determination of the amount of the expected underground and surface suffosionmanifestations (zones of destruction, cavities, failures, decreasing, etc.) is shown. Conclusions of the initiating reasons of suffosion processes on objects of road infrastructure and some preliminary recommendations for their prevention are made

Consideration of external natural impacts in the design of hazardous production facilities

In the contemporary society the need for assurance of technological and environmental safety of production facilities (PF), including hazardous ones, is dictated by technological development of the economy. This fact presupposes that the criteria of potential natural factors (geological, hydrological, meteorological) impact should be clarified during the design process. Insignificant number of available scientific generalizations of external factors impact on PF does not allow for making an initial protectability assessment of production complexes and adjacent areas. This research is aimed at developing a methodical approach to considering natural effects (including the extreme impacts) in assurance of PF’s technological protection and environmental safety in the areas adjacent to PF. The use of threshold probability of beyond design basis accident as the main probabilistic criterion is substantiated for decision making on whether to consider the external natural factors impact on PF or not. Along with it, is shown that the specified levels of probability of various natural factors occurrence should be revised upwards with account of detailed computations of accident scenarios at a PF. It is noted that risk management of PF exposure to external natural impacts should stipulate that monitoring of such factors should be arranged and carried out

Consideration of external natural impacts in the design of hazardous production facilities

In the contemporary society the need for assurance of technological and environmental safety of production facilities (PF), including hazardous ones, is dictated by technological development of the economy. This fact presupposes that the criteria of potential natural factors (geological, hydrological, meteorological) impact should be clarified during the design process. Insignificant number of available scientific generalizations of external factors impact on PF does not allow for making an initial protectability assessment of production complexes and adjacent areas. This research is aimed at developing a methodical approach to considering natural effects (including the extreme impacts) in assurance of PF’s technological protection and environmental safety in the areas adjacent to PF. The use of threshold probability of beyond design basis accident as the main probabilistic criterion is substantiated for decision making on whether to consider the external natural factors impact on PF or not. Along with it, is shown that the specified levels of probability of various natural factors occurrence should be revised upwards with account of detailed computations of accident scenarios at a PF. It is noted that risk management of PF exposure to external natural impacts should stipulate that monitoring of such factors should be arranged and carried out