3,853 research outputs found
Arbitrage Pricing of Multi-person Game Contingent Claims
We introduce a class of financial contracts involving several parties by
extending the notion of a two-person game option (see Kifer (2000)) to a
contract in which an arbitrary number of parties is involved and each of them
is allowed to make a wide array of decisions at any time, not restricted to
simply `exercising the option'. The collection of decisions by all parties then
determines the contract's settlement date as well as the terminal payoff for
each party. We provide sufficient conditions under which a multi-person game
option has a unique arbitrage price, which is additive with respect to any
partition of the contract
New analytic approach to address Put - Call parity violation due to discrete dividends
The issue of developing simple Black-Scholes type approximations for pricing
European options with large discrete dividends was popular since early 2000's
with a few different approaches reported during the last 10 years. Moreover, it
has been claimed that at least some of the resulting expressions represent
high-quality approximations which closely match results obtained by the use of
numerics.
In this paper we review, on the one hand, these previously suggested
Black-Scholes type approximations and, on the other hand, different versions of
the corresponding Crank-Nicolson numerical schemes with a primary focus on
their boundary condition variations. Unexpectedly we often observe substantial
deviations between the analytical and numerical results which may be especially
pronounced for European Puts. Moreover, our analysis demonstrates that any
Black-Scholes type approximation which adjusts Put parameters identically to
Call parameters has an inherent problem of failing to detect a little known
Put-Call Parity violation phenomenon. To address this issue we derive a new
analytic approximation which is in a better agreement with the corresponding
numerical results in comparison with any of the previously known analytic
approaches for European Calls and Puts with large discrete dividends
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