Systematic review and meta-analysis. small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in chronic pancreatitis

BACKGROUND: Evidence on small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) is conflicting. AIM: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of SIBO in CP and to examine the relationship of SIBO with symptoms and nutritional status. METHODS: Case-control and cross-sectional studies investigating SIBO in CP patients were analysed. The prevalence of positive tests was pooled across studies, and the rate of positivity between CP cases and controls was calculated. RESULTS: In nine studies containing 336 CP patients, the pooled prevalence of SIBO was 36% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17-60%) with considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 91%). A sensitivity analysis excluding studies employing lactulose breath test gave a pooled prevalence of 21.7% (95% CI 12.7-34.5%) with lower heterogeneity (I2 = 56%). The odds ratio for a positive test in CP vs controls was 4.1 (95% CI 1.6-10.4) (I2 = 59.7%). The relationship between symptoms and SIBO in CP patients varied across studies, and the treatment of SIBO was associated with clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS: One-third of CP patients have SIBO, with a significantly increased risk over controls, although results are heterogeneous, and studies carry several limitations. The impact of SIBO and its treatment in CP patients deserve further investigation

Osteoma in the upper cervical spine with spinal cord compression

Osteoma is a common benign tumor. It occurs dominantly at the skull bone. Outside skull osteoma is rare, and primary intra-canal osteoma is extremely rare. To the author’s knowledge, only 14 cases of osteomas of the spine had been reported, in which only seven cases were in English literature. The authors reported two rare cases of intra-canal osteoma of the upper cervical spine with cord compression. Included are pertinent history, physical examination, rontgenographic evaluation before and after operation, surgical interventions, pathological study, and outcome. The available literature is also reviewed. On systemic examination and rontgenographic study, these two cases were found to have bone tumor in the upper cervical canal. Surgical interventions were performed, one with an en bloc excision, the other with a subtotal excision. The pathological study demonstrated a diagnosis of osteoma. After a follow-up with 20 and 15 months, the clinical symptoms of both cases significantly improved

Kombinierte organische C-, Sulfat- und Schwermetalleliminierung Schlussbericht

A new biological process for purification of highly burdened industrial effluents was developed in which aerobic, oxygen-limiting reaction conditions ensure simultaneous elimination of organic C, sulfate and heavy metals in a single process step in a compact system. The design data are presented here for the purpose of practical implementation of the process.Das Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens ist die Entwicklung eines neuen biologischen Verfahrens zur Reinigung hochbelasteter Industrieabwaesser, bei dem durch die Einstellung aerober, sauerstofflimitierender Reaktionsbedingungen eine kombinierte organisch C-, Sulfat- und Schwermetalleliminierung gleichzeitig in einem Verfahrensschritt und kompakter Anlagentechnik realisiert wird. Hierbei werden die Auslegungsunterlagen fuer die praxisrelevante Umsetzung dieses Verfahrens zur Verfuegung gestellt. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F02B1064 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekArbeitsgemeinschaft Industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen 'Otto von Guericke' e.V. (AIF), Koeln (Germany); Bundesministerium fuer Wirtschaft und Technologie (BMWi), Berlin (Germany)DEGerman

Voruntersuchung zur Ausarbeitung der F und E-Konzeption der DEPRA Abschlussbericht

The purpose of the planned demonstration and testing plant (DEPRA) in Bremerhaven is to have a possibility to demonstrate and test new or further developed wastewater and sludge treatments in industrial scale. With that DEPRA will contribute to transfer attained results of research and development as soon as possible in to practice. The plant DEPRA will provide extensive possibilities of process control of different stages of wastewater and sludge treatment as well as the operation of additional process stages. The demonstration and testing plant should be open for research institutes and commercial users in Germany as well as for European countries in order to offer a possibility for projects concerning water purification. The aim of this study was to compile the framework of research projects for DEPRA. This report indicates trends of development for purification of municipal and industrial wastewater and sludge treatment whereas the potential of innovation for short, middle and long time implementation is considered. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F03B263 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman

Suspensionsmembranreaktor zur biologischen Eliminierung schwer abbaubarer Stoffe aus Abwassergemischen Abschlussbericht

An earlier research project had shown that a combined process involving membrane filtration and a bioreactor ensure substrate-specific times of residue inside the reactor, i.e. high selective conversation at low discharge rates. The second project aimed at higher flexibility. For this purpose, a two-stage suspension membrane reactor was developed in which the filtration stage and the bioreactor were decoupled. The liquid effluents are concentrated first in a nanofiltration stage, and the permeate, which should be free of non-degradable materials, is discharged. The concentrate is treated in the biological reaction stage and recirculated into the nanofiltration stage in order to ensure complete degradation during a substrate-specific time of residue. An intermediate microfiltration stage serves to retain biomass and prevent the growth of a biofilm in the nanofiltration stage. The method was tested with the practically relevant model pollutant 4-chlorophenol and a real industrial effluent from the antifelting stage of a Bremen woollen mill (Bremer Wollkaemmerei), with a high AOX concentration.Im vorhergehenden Teil des Forschungsvorhabens konnte gezeigt werden, dass durch eine kombinierte Anwendung der Membranfiltration mit einem Bioreaktor eine substratspezifische Verweilzeitverteilung im Reaktor und damit eine hohe selektive Umsatzleistung bei gleichzeitig niedrigen Ablaufwerten realisierbar ist. Um eine groessere Flexibilitaet bei dem Einsatz verschiedener Membranmodule zu realisieren, wurde in dem zweiten Abschnitt des Forschungsvorhabens eine zweistufige Anlage vom Typ des Suspensions-Membranreaktors entwickelt, bei der Filtration und Bioreaktor entkoppelt werden. Das zu reinigende Abwasser wird zunaechst in einer Nanofiltrationsstufe aufkonzentriert, das moeglichst an schwer abbaubaren Stoffen freie Permeat bildet den Ablauf der Anlage. Der Konzentratstrom wird in der nachfolgenden Reaktionsstufe biologisch behandelt und in die Nanofiltrationsstufe zurueckgefuehrt, um einen vollstaendigen Abbau durch die Einstellung einer substratspezifischen Verweilzeit zu gewaehrleisten. Durch eine zwischengeschaltete Mikrofiltration wird die Biomasse zurueckgehalten und somit das Aufwachsen eines Biofilms im Nanofiltrationsteil verhindert. Die Anwendung des bestehenden Suspensions-Membranreaktors und der neuen zweistufigen Anlagen erfolgt im zweiten Teil des Forschungsvorhabens anhand eines synthetischen Abwassers mit dem praxisrelevanten Modellschadstoff 4-Chlorphenol sowie anhand eines realen industriellen Prozessabwassers der Filzfrei-Behandlung aus der Bremer Wollkaemmerei mit einem erhoehten AOX-Gehalt. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F03B578 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman