Classification of multivariate functional data on different domains with Partial Least Squares approaches

Classification (supervised-learning) of multivariate functional data is considered when the elements of the random functional vector of interest are defined on different domains. In this setting, PLS classification and tree PLS-based methods for multivariate functional data are presented. From a computational point of view, we show that the PLS components of the regression with multivariate functional data can be obtained using only the PLS methodology with univariate functional data. This offers an alternative way to present the PLS algorithm for multivariate functional data.Comment: enhance readability, new simulation setting, correction of minor mathematical notations errors, rewrite the conclusio

Fusion regression methods with repeated functional data

Linear regression and classification methods with repeated functional data are considered. For each statistical unit in the sample, a real-valued parameter is observed over time under different conditions. Two regression methods based on fusion penalties are presented. The first one is a generalization of the variable fusion methodology based on the 1-nearest neighbor. The second one, called group fusion lasso, assumes some grouping structure of conditions and allows for homogeneity among the regression coefficient functions within groups. A finite sample numerical simulation and an application on EEG data are presented

PRINCIPLE BARRIERS TO INTERNATIONAL TRADEAND IT’S EFFECT ON LEBANESE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

This paper provides an overview of the principal barriers of international trade and the sanctions imposed on countries and its effect on the Lebanese economy. Illustrating the barriers effect by two examples one related to decreasing tariffs on imports from Latin America and the other on protectionism system implemented in Europe. Then studying two other cases in the Lebanese market where barriers leave a huge effect on the businesses in Lebanon and giving examples faced in two different businesses in Lebanon in the financial sector. International trade promoted high standard of living for trading nations. Hence, despite its various unpleasant effects to some, it is still the best to practice free international trade since it is being a stimulator of the rise of global economies leaving economies having economic and social benefits. This paper attempts to bring to light to the free-trade and the general barriers international trade faces presently and some examples of the unions between two countries to form the best trade with fewer obstacles. Moreover, I would be lightening on Cash+; money transfer company and relate it to the barriers it faces in everyday business. As well as, giving a quick overview of the banks in Lebanon, we will talk about the offering of trade finance products which cut the risk of exporting products; the substantial risk between the buyer and seller. These cornerstones (banks) are a major pillar in the country leaving space for the neighbor countries’ citizens to benefit from their services too. As well as, relating that to the bans and the sanctions imposed on the Syrian country and the Syrians and concentrating on the effect of the international barriers on Syria as a country and on Syrian citizens and their work relating it to the banking sector in Lebanon. In the last part, an example on a closed versus open economy is mentioned with numbers to end up with why recommendations and solutions listed are important to all nations

Influence of Doping and Annealing on Structural, Optical and Electrical properties Amorphous ZnO Thin Films Prepared by PLD

The optical gap of the films was calculated from the curve of absorption coefficient (αhע)2 vs. hע and was found to be 3.8 eV at room temperature, and this value decreases from 3.8 to 3.58 eV with increasing of annealing temperature up to 473-673 K, and increases with the Ga doping. λ cutoff was calculated for ZnO and showed an increase with increasing annealing temperature and shifting to longer wavelength, while with doping the λcutoff shifted to shorter wavelength. The photoluminescence (PL) results indicate that the pure ZnO thin films grown at room temperature show strong peaks at 640 nm , but  GaO doped ZnO films showed a band emission in the yellow-green spectral region (380 to 450nm)

تأثير تباعد روابط القص على سلوك جدران القص المعدنية الصفائحية المختلطة

تأثير تباعد روابط القص على سلوك جدران القص المعدنية الصفائحية المختلطة عصام ناصر غاندي لوحو علي طوالو تعتبر جدران القص الصفائحية المعدنية المختلطة واحدة من أهم الأنظمة الإنشائية المقاومة للحمولات الجانبية ويتكون جدار القص المختلط من صفيحة فولاذية ولوح بيتوني، هذه الصفيحة توضع من جهة واحدة أو من الجهتين يتم الوصل بينهما باستخدام براغي أو وصلات قص وذلك لضمان العمل المشترك بهدف منع حدوث تحنيب مرن في الصفيحة الفولاذية عند تعرض الجدار المختلط للحمولات. لقد ركزت معظم الدراسات السابقة على السلوك الزلزالي لجدران القص المعدنية المختلطة ولم تعط الأهمية الكافية إلى التباعد بين البراغي أو وصلات القص والذي يعتبر عنصراً هاماً في تصميم مثل هذه الجدران. نقدم في هذه الورقة البحثية دراسة لتأثير تباعد البراغي على سلوك جدران القص المعدنية الصفائحية المختلطة (CSPSW)، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم وضع نموذج عددي ثلاثي الأبعاد للجدار المدروس (C-SPSW) باستخدام برنامج ABAQUS القائم على طريقة العناصر المنتهية. وقد تم توثيق النموذج بالمقارنة مع نتائج تجريبية من الأبحاث المنشورة وقد تجاوزت دقة النموذج المطور في هذا البحث 90%. أظهرت النتائج أن تقليل تباعد البراغي أو روابط القص يلعب دوراً إيجابياً في تحسين الصلابة الأفقية المرنة والمقاومة القصوى لجدار القص المعدني الصفائحي المختلط، وأن التباعد الأمثل للبراغي أو روابط القص الذي يحقق أفضل أداء للجدار المختلط(C-SPSW) هو التباعد الموصي به في الكود الأمريكAISC-2010[1]  .   Composite steel plate shear wall (C-SPW) are one of the effective lateral load resisting system. This shear wall are consisting of steel plate with reinforced concrete wall on one or both sides of the steel plate using bolt or shear studs to ensure combined work, with the aim of preventing a flexible buckling in the steel plate when the composite steel plate shear wall is exposed to loads. Most previous studies have focused on the seismic behavior of the composite steel plate shear walls and have not given sufficient importance to the spacing between the bolts or shear studs, which is an important issue in the design of such walls. In this paper, an investigation on the bolt spacing demand or shear stud on the behavior of composite steel plate shear walls(C-SPSW). In order to achieve this aim, a three-dimensional numerical model of the studied wall (C-SPSW) was developed using ABAQUS based on the finite element method. The model developed in this research is validated against experimental tests available from literature and its accuracy exceeded 90%. The results showed that reducing the spacing of the bolts or shear studs plays a positive role in improving the elastic horizontal stiffness and ultimate resistance of the composite steel plate shear wall. The optimal spacing of the bolts or shear stud that perform best for the composite wall (C-SPSW) is the recommended spacing in the US code AISC-2010[1]

Association rare d’un adenome pleomorphe et d’un carcinome epithelial myoepithelial de la glande parotide

Le Carcinome épithélial - myoépithélial (CEM) est une tumeur maligne rare des glandes salivaires  touchant principalement la glande parotide. Son association avec un adénome pléomorphe est  exceptionnelle. Nous rapportons le cas d'une femme de 57 ans avec adénome pléomorphe de la glande parotide évoluant depuis plusieurs années. L'augmentation récente du volume de la glande associée à  l'apparition d'adénopathies cervicales homolatérales nous a fait penser à une transformation maligne.  L'examen histologique final après parotidectomie totale a montré une association inattendue d'un  adénome pléomorphe et un CEM. Le CEM est une tumeur maligne de bas grade. Elle peut survenir de novo ou sur un adénome pléomorphe. La transformation maligne de l'adénome est suspectée devant  l'augmentation rapide du volume de l'adénome avec apparition d'adénopathies cervicales. Toutefois, ces modifications cliniques peuvent annoncer l'apparition d'une tumeur distincte. Malgré sa tendance à la récidive locale et un faible potentiel métastatique, de rares cas de CEM peuvent avoir un comportement agressif et des métastases à distance. Le traitement consiste principalement en une résection chirurgicale complète si possible suivie d'une radiothérapie dans le but de prévenir la récidive locale.Key words: Glande parotide, adénome pléomorphe, carcinome épiyhélial, myoépithélial, associatio

Numerical Simulation of the Thermal Performance of a Tubular Solar Air Heater

In this work, a flat-plate solar air heater (FSAH) and a tubular solar air heater (TSAH) were designed and tested numerically. The work investigates the effect of increasing the contact area between the flowing air and the absorber surface of each heater and predicts the expected results before the fabrication of the experimental rig. Three-dimensional two models were designed and simulated by the ANSYS-FLUENT 16 Program. The solar irradiation and ambient air temperature were measured experimentally on December 1st 2022, at the weather conditions of Baghdad City- Iraq, at three air mass flow rates, 0.012 kg/s, 0.032 kg/s, and 0.052 kg/s. The numerical results showed the advantage in the thermal performance of the TSAH in comparison to the FSAH, represented by better air temperature difference, better heat transfer from the absorber to air, and better thermal efficiency. The TSAH has a higher thermal efficiency than the FSAH by 7 %, 19 % °C, and 22 % at 0.012 kg/s, 0.032 kg/s, and 0.052 kg/s, respectively. The improvement of the thermal characteristics of the TSAH can be referred to as the increment in the heat transfer contact area between the absorber and the flowing air

Modélisation Du Cycle Des Roches Sédimentaires Au Profit Des Apprenants De La Première Année Collégiale

The present study aims to identify the difficulties to assimilate the concept of the sedimentary rocks cycle for first year middle high school students. It also aims to test the importance of a physical model that we have proposed. In order to collect the didactic difficulties encountered in the classroom as well as the means suggested to overcome them, we administered an anonymous questionnaire to 44 teachers of Life and Earth Sciences. To test the significance of the model, 184 learners were divided into two groups. While the first group was taught using a model, no specific one was used to teach the other group. After a constructive evaluation, 73% of the learners in the first group achieved satisfactory results, against 34% in the second one