10,523 research outputs found
Junction conditions in General Relativity with spin sources
The junction conditions for General Relativity in the presence of domain
walls with intrinsic spin are derived in three and higher dimensions. A stress
tensor and a spin current can be defined just by requiring the existence of a
well defined volume element instead of an induced metric, so as to allow for
generic torsion sources. In general, when the torsion is localized on the
domain wall, it is necessary to relax the continuity of the tangential
components of the vielbein. In fact it is found that the spin current is
proportional to the jump in the vielbein and the stress-energy tensor is
proportional to the jump in the spin connection. The consistency of the
junction conditions implies a constraint between the direction of flow of
energy and the orientation of the spin. As an application, we derive the
circularly symmetric solutions for both the rotating string with tension and
the spinning dust string in three dimensions. The rotating string with tension
generates a rotating truncated cone outside and a flat space-time with
inevitable frame dragging inside. In the case of a string made of spinning
dust, in opposition to the previous case no frame dragging is present inside,
so that in this sense, the dragging effect can be "shielded" by considering
spinning instead of rotating sources. Both solutions are consistently lifted as
cylinders in the four-dimensional case.Comment: 24 pages, no figures, CECS style. References added and misprints
corrected. Published Versio
A cluster expansion approach to renormalization group transformations
The renormalization group (RG) approach is largely responsible for the
considerable success which has been achieved in developing a quantitative
theory of phase transitions. This work treats the rigorous definition of the RG
map for classical Ising-type lattice systems in the infinite volume limit at
high temperature. A cluster expansion is used to justify the existence of the
partial derivatives of the renormalized interaction with respect to the
original interaction. This expansion is derived from the formal expressions,
but it is itself well-defined and convergent. Suppose in addition that the
original interaction is finite-range and translation-invariant. We will show
that the matrix of partial derivatives in this case displays an approximate
band property. This in turn gives an upper bound for the RG linearization.Comment: 13 page
Higher-Dimensional Bulk Wormholes and their Manifestations in Brane Worlds
There is nothing to prevent a higher-dimensional anti-de Sitter bulk
spacetime from containing various other branes in addition to hosting our
universe, presumed to be a positive-tension 3-brane. In particular, it could
contain closed, microscopic branes that form the boundary surfaces of void
bubbles and thus violate the null energy condition in the bulk. The possible
existence of such micro branes can be investigated by considering the
properties of the ground state of a pseudo-Wheeler-DeWitt equation describing
brane quantum dynamics in minisuperspace. If they exist, a concentration of
these micro branes could act as a fluid of exotic matter able to support
macroscopic wormholes connecting otherwise distant regions of the bulk. Were
the brane constituting our universe to expand into a region of the bulk
containing such higher-dimensional macroscopic wormholes, they would likely
manifest themselves in our brane as wormholes of normal dimensionality, whose
spontaneous appearance and general dynamics would seem inexplicably peculiar.
This encounter could also result in the formation of baby universes of a
particular type.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figur
Gravitational dynamics in s+1+1 dimensions II. Hamiltonian theory
We develop a Hamiltonian formalism of brane-world gravity, which singles out
two preferred, mutually orthogonal directions. One is a unit twist-free field
of spatial vectors with integral lines intersecting perpendicularly the brane.
The other is a temporal vector field with respect to which we perform the
Arnowitt-Deser-Misner decomposition of the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian. The
gravitational variables arise from the projections of the spatial metric and
their canonically conjugated momenta as tensorial, vectorial and scalar
quantities defined on the family of hypersurfaces containing the brane. They
represent the gravitons, a gravi-photon and a gravi-scalar, respectively. From
the action we derive the canonical evolution equations and the constraints for
these gravitational degrees of freedom both on the brane and outside it. By
integrating across the brane, the dynamics also generates the tensorial and
scalar projection of the Lanczos equation. The vectorial projection of the
Lanczos equation arises in a similar way from the diffeomorphism constraint.
Both the graviton and the gravi-scalar are continuous across the brane, however
the momentum of the gravi-vector has a jump, related to the energy transport
(heat flow) on the brane.Comment: 13 page
Incompressible fluid inside an astrophysical black hole?
It is argued that under natural hypothesis the Fermions inside a black hole
formed after the collapse of a neutron star could form a non compressible fluid
(well before reaching the Planck scale) leading to some features of integer
Quantum Hall Effect. The relations with black hole entropy are analyzed.
Insights coming from Quantum Hall Effect are used to analyze the coupling with
Einstein equations. Connections with some cosmological scenarios and with
higher dimensional Quantum Hall Effect are shortly pointed out.Comment: 30 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication on Physical Review D:
references added, typos corrected, test polishe
Quantum Effects in Black Hole Interiors
The Weyl curvature inside a black hole formed in a generic collapse grows,
classically without bound, near to the inner horizon, due to partial absorption
and blueshifting of the radiative tail of the collapse. Using a spherical
model, we examine how this growth is modified by quantum effects of conformally
coupled massless fields.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure (not included), RevTe
Low energy effective gravitational equations on a Gauss-Bonnet brane
We present effective gravitational equations at low energies in a
-symmetric braneworld with the Gauss-Bonnet term. Our derivation is based
on the geometrical projection approach, and we solve iteratively the bulk
geometry using the gradient expansion scheme. Although the original field
equations are quite complicated due to the presence of the Gauss-Bonnet term,
our final result clearly has the form of the Einstein equations plus correction
terms, which is simple enough to handle. As an application, we consider
homogeneous and isotropic cosmology on the brane. We also comment on the
holographic interpretation of bulk gravity in the Gauss-Bonnet braneworld.Comment: 10 pages, v2: minor clarification
Thermodynamic of Distorted Reissner-Nordstr\"om Black Holes in Five-dimensions
In this paper, we study mechanics and thermodynamics of distorted,
five-dimensional, electrically charged (non-extremal) black holes on the
example of a static and "axisymmetric" black hole distorted by external,
electrically neutral matter. Such a black hole is represented by the derived
here solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations which admits an
isometry group. We study the properties of
this distorted black hole.Comment: 7 pages, submitted for the proceedings of the First Karl
Schwarzschild Meeting (Frankfurt, 2013
HCN versus HCO+ as dense molecular gas mass tracer in Luminous Infrared Galaxies
It has been recently argued that the HCN J=1--0 line emission may not be an
unbiased tracer of dense molecular gas (\rm n\ga 10^4 cm^{-3}) in Luminous
Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs: ) and HCO J=1--0
may constitute a better tracer instead (Graci\'a-Carpio et al. 2006), casting
doubt into earlier claims supporting the former as a good tracer of such gas
(Gao & Solomon 2004; Wu et al. 2006). In this paper new sensitive HCN J=4--3
observations of four such galaxies are presented, revealing a surprisingly wide
excitation range for their dense gas phase that may render the J=1--0
transition from either species a poor proxy of its mass. Moreover the
well-known sensitivity of the HCO abundance on the ionization degree of the
molecular gas (an important issue omitted from the ongoing discussion about the
relative merits of HCN and HCO as dense gas tracers) may severely reduce
the HCO abundance in the star-forming and highly turbulent molecular gas
found in LIRGs, while HCN remains abundant. This may result to the decreasing
HCO/HCN J=1--0 line ratio with increasing IR luminosity found in LIRGs, and
casts doubts on the HCO rather than the HCN as a good dense molecular gas
tracer. Multi-transition observations of both molecules are needed to identify
the best such tracer, its relation to ongoing star formation, and constrain
what may be a considerable range of dense gas properties in such galaxies.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journa
Unified Models of Inflation and Quintessence
We apply an extended version of the method developed in reference
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D5(1996)71, to derive exact cosmological (flat)
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker solutions in RS2 brane models with a perfect fluid
of ordinary matter plus a scalar field fluid trapped on the brane. We found new
exact solutions, that can serve to unify inflation and quintessence in a common
theoretical framework.Comment: 8 pages, no figure
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