Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing using Dumb Basis Patterns: The Line-of-Sight Interference Scenario

We investigate a spectrum-sharing system with non-severely faded mutual interference links, where both the secondary-to-primary and primary-to-secondary channels have a Line-of-Sight (LoS) component. Based on a Rician model for the LoS channels, we show, analytically and numerically, that LoS interference hinders the achievable secondary user capacity. This is caused by the poor dynamic range of the interference channels fluctuations when a dominant LoS component exists. In order to improve the capacity of such system, we propose the usage of an Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna at the secondary terminals. An ESPAR antenna requires a single RF chain and has a reconfigurable radiation pattern that is controlled by assigning arbitrary weights to M orthonormal basis radiation patterns. By viewing these orthonormal patterns as multiple virtual dumb antennas, we randomly vary their weights over time creating artificial channel fluctuations that can perfectly eliminate the undesired impact of LoS interference. Because the proposed scheme uses a single RF chain, it is well suited for compact and low cost mobile terminals

Different methods of termination of second trimester pregnancy at Women′s Health Hospital, Assiut University: efficacy and complications

Background: Termination of pregnancy in second trimester is one of the greatest challenges in modern obstetrics practice and is more risky than during first trimester. Now the main concern of the obstetrician is to provide the most effective, safest, and cost-effective regimen with least or no complications. Describe the different indications, technique and complications of different methods of TOP used at Women’s Health Hospital, Assiut University.  Identify gap between current practice and guidelines and setting recommendations for filling gap to improve outcomeMethods: Studying the different methods used for all cases with gestational age 13-24 weeks attending at Women′s Health Hospital, Assiut University from the 1st July 2015 to the 1st June 2016, for second trimester termination of pregnancy who are eligible for termination of pregnancy, with exclusion criteria including any case with scared uterus, multiple pregnancy and rupture of membranes.Results: Of the 146 patients, 55 patients received misoprostol alone, 13 cases used foley’s catheter alone, 67 cases received misoprostol in combination with foley’s catheter and hysterotomy done in 9 patients (4 after failed induction and the rest as primary procedure). In present work the most common complication recorded was retained placental parts, 39 patients (26,5%) followed by surgical evacuation. Uterine perforation occurred accidentally in 3 cases during evacuation followed by laparotomy and repair of perforation without hysterectomy. Infection recorded in 3 cases (1.7%). Sever haemorhage occurred in 4 cases where they needed hysterotomy.Conclusions: All methods used in the department showed efficacy. Misoprostol induction was associated with a shorter induction-abortion interval but was associated with higher risk of retained placenta. Foley's catheter induction was more prolonged but it was associated with almost no complication. The most common complication was retained placenta except those who used Foley's catheter as they had no retained placental parts

Knowledge, attitude and practice of long acting reversible hormonal contraception (LARHC) among women in urban upper Egypt

Background: The current study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of long acting reversible hormonal contraception (LARHC) among women in urban upper Egypt.Methods: A cross sectional study which included 902 married women, in the reproductive age, attending the outpatient clinics (Gynecology and family planning) of: 1-Assiut University Maternity Hospital, 2- Sohag University Hospital, and 3-Gehina General Hospital (MOH hospital) with current or previous use of any method of LARHC methods. A Questionnaire file was designed to assay knowledge attitude and practice of clients towards contraceptive methods. All data collected from clients reviewed separately to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of women towards contraceptive methods.Results: The most popular contraceptive method is COCs followed by IUD then DMPA. 99% of studied sample heard with good description about different types of LARHC. 54.9% of studied sample most popular/famous LARHC DMPA, most sources of information on LARHC were, Hospital, Relative/friends and health workers. 94.24% of the studied sample were in favor to use of LARHC, 94.2% of them agree to take a space between births, about 55.4% of them were health child and 61% comfortable lifestyle benefit from birth spacing, 33% of studied sample were maternal health, 68% of them were think/prefer to use implants, 64.5% of them didn’t pregnant while breastfeeding. 11% of sample women never used any contraception before and most reasons for not using contraception are fear of side effects, desire for more children, irregular sexual relationship, and husband opposition. Only 16.6 % of studied sample used LARHC before and most of them used DMPA, however 3 women who used DMPA get pregnant while using it.Conclusions: There is a good level of knowledge between upper Egypt women about LARHC methods

Clinical audit of neonatal care in Assiut Women's Health Hospital, Egypt

Background: The current study aims to auditing the current care of healthy full term newborns in the delivery room and identify the gap between the current practice and ideal practice in Assiut Women's Health Hospital, Egypt.Methods: The current study was a clinical audit carried out in Assiut Woman Health Hospital, in the period from 1 September 2016 to 28 February 2017.The study included all newborns delivered in the delivery word of gestational age after 37 week. We excluded all Preterm babies, those with congenital anomalies, pregnant women with medical disorders and multiple pregnancies. In the present work all data was collected prospectively through direct personal patient contact, direct observation of care givers, patient interactions and attitudes, from the clinical records and then recording the data in special check sheet. All basic criteria of the study participants as age, parity, gestational age at delivery and type of delivery were obtained. The neonatal gender, weight, heart rate and respiratory rate were checked. Audit criteria were selected according to the WHO 2015 and AAP 2010-2015 guidelines.Results: The study included 800 women; the mean age of the women was 26.52±5.70 years. The mean parity was 1.78±1.85. The mean gestational age at delivery was 38.81±0.96 weeks. As regard the type of delivery, 54.1% of women were delivered by cesarean section. Calling neonatologists occurred in 67.9% of deliveries. The mean birth weight was 3.17±0.39 kilograms. Nearly half of them (52%) were males.Conclusions: Application of the guidelines of the neonatal handling is important for optimum care to the neonates. Re-audit the steps of the handling is important to discuss whether practice has improved or not in our tertiary hospital

Dynamics of Macroalgae at Two Different Ecological Sites in Alexandria Coastal Waters

A year cycle investigation of the macroalgae dynamics in Alexandria coastal waters was conducted at two selected stations that maximize possible differences in seawater characteristics. Eleven genera, including seventeen species were identified at the Eastern Harbour (EH) and Abou Talat (AT). The total species richness was higher at EH, but the algal species composition was highly similar at the two sites. The floristic ratio at EH indicates a mixed flora of warm temperate nature. The prevalence of red and brown algae was detected at relatively high salinities, and green opportunistic algae at lower salinities, and with nutrient pulses indicate its importance as ecological factors regulate the structure of the macroalgae communities in Alexandria waters. The changes in algal proportion reflected the anthropogenic influence and/or improvement in environmental quality at times. Incidents of massive green macroalgae proliferation occurred at a wide range of environmental variations, and with the sharing of other red species. Ulva fasciata represented a perennial species and the spring warming and nutrient enrichment seem to interact with its massive growth. The study is yet the first attempt to measure the algal biomass of different species under different physical and chemical ecological stresses

Effects of Melatonin Premedication on the Hemodynamic Responses and Perfusion Index During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation

Abstract Context Rational: Several techniques have been proposed to prevent or attenuate the hemodynamic responses following laryngoscopy and intubation, preoperative melatonin has a significant analgesic and anxiolytic effect for patients undergoing surgery. Melatonin may play an important role in controlling hypertension also in humans. The current study aimed at assessing the usefulness of melatonin in attenuating the pressor response to direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Methods: After approval of the ethics committee and informed written patients consent the study was carried out at rotine surgical theatre of the Suez Canal University Hospital, during the peroid from 2011 -2012 on 90 patients with ASA physical status I, II scheduled for any elective surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Patients were randomly allocated according to computer-generated randomization into three groups: Group I (control group); Group II (melatonin 6mg tablet group) and Group III (melatonin 9mg tablet group). Primary outcome measures include; Heart rate (HR, Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood: pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MBP) and perfusion index were recorded before drug premedication, pre-induction, preintubation, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 minutes after laryngoscopy and intubation. Moreover perioperative anxiety was evaluated by recording the preoperative and postoperative verbal anxiety score (VAS) of the sample patients. Results: Significant decrease in blood pressure in group II and group III receiving 6mg and 9mg of oral Melatonin 1 hour preoperative at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 minutes after intubation as regard SBP, DBP and MBP compared to group I. As regards to heart rate, no significant difference was found between the three groups throughout different time of measurement except for a significant difference at 1 minute after intubation measures for group II and group III compared to the control group. Moreover postoperative verbal anxiety score (VAS) was decreased significantly group II and group III compared to the control group. Correspondence to: Dr. Hosam M. Atef, E-mail: [email protected] Conclusion: Preoperative administration of melatonin one hour before surgery provided a significant decrease hemodynamic response of direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation as regard hemodynamic parameters and perfusion index

The Effect of use of Vaginal Lactobacillus Rhamnosus for Prevention of Recurrence of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A randomized controlled trial

Objectives:The study aims to investigate the role of vaginal administration of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus after vaginal miconazole for prevention of recurrence among women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).Materials and Methods:A randomized clinical study was done in Women Health Hospital–Assiut University–Egypt. All women presented with symptoms suggestive of VVC to the clinic had been examined and approached for participation. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Group (A) received lactobacillus containing vaginal capsules daily for one week postmenstrual. Group (B) received vaginal miconazole 400 mg once daily for 3days at bedtime postmenstrual. Group (C) received vaginal miconazole 400 mg once daily for 3 days at bedtime postmenstrual followed by lactobacillus containing vaginal capsules twice daily for one week. The primary outcome was to study the rate of recurrence of symptoms after 1, 3, 6 months of treatment. Results:During the study period, 202 participants with recurrent VVC were approached to participate in this study. No significant differences were found between the three study groups with regards patients’ age, residence, parity. After 1 month, symptoms of VVC recurred in 68.4%, 24.6% and 17.2% of women in group A, B, C consecutively. The recurrence rate increases after 3 months to become 87.5%, 60% and 33.3% consecutively in the three groups. Finally after 6 months, 94.4%, 88.7%, and 44.6% of women in group A, B, C consecutively suffered from RVVC. The recurrence rate is lower in group C (combination group) with statistically significant difference (p=0.0001).Conclusions:Vaginal administration of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus twice daily for 1 week after vaginal miconazole leads to vaginal colonization and associated at 6 months follow up with decrease the recurrence rate of VVC