Decision Making Style in Islam: A Study of Superiority of Shura(Participative Management) and Examples from Early Era of Islam

Shura or Consultative Management is as a toll to arrive at a consensus on management decision of great importance to the community or organization rather than on routine daily decision of the organization. The holy prophet Mohammad (saw) and his immediate successors ran the administration of the polity with the aid and advice of men having acumen in matters religious, social, economic and political. The consultation must be trustworthy. But if the matters relates to the mundane affairs of the believers for which counsel is sought, then the consultant should be wise enough to give a sound opinion. Modern management thinkers and practitioners can find many lessons about decision making from the events of the golden era of Islam. It is expected that present study will indicate the fact that the Shura or consultative management is a toll which ensure not only the better management, but also ensure the peace, cooperation, coexistence and progress of the organization as well as positive impacts to the society. It is concluded that decision making style of consultative management in Islam produces much shared value for all aspect which is bigger challenging in conventional management practices. Keywords: Management, Consultation, Decision, Divine, Shura

Mining Human Shape Perception with Role Playing Games

Games with a purpose’ is a paradigm wheregames are designed to computationally capture the essence of theunderlying collective human conscience or commonsense thatplays a major role in decision-making. This human computingmethod ensures spontaneous participation of players who, asa byproduct of playing, provide useful data that is impossibleto generate computationally and extremely difficult to collectthrough extensive surveys. In this paper we describe a gamethat allows us to collect data on human perception of characterbody shapes. The paper describes the experimental setup, relatedgame design constraints, art creation, and data analysis. Inour interactive role-playing detective game titled Villain Ville,players are asked to characterize different versions of fullbodycolor portraits of three villain characters. They are latersupposed to correctly match their character-trait ratings toa set of characters represented only with outlines of primitivevector shapes. By transferring human intelligence tasks into coregame-play mechanics, we have successfully managed to collectmotivated data. Preliminary analysis on game data generatedby 50 secondary school students shows a convergence to somecommon perception associations between role, physicality andpersonality. We hope to harness this game to discover perceptionfor a wide variety of body-shapes to build up an intelligent shapetrait-role model, with application in tutored drawing, proceduralcharacter geometry creation and intelligent retrieval

Misuse of Antibiotics and Potential Economic Loss in Bangladesh

Misuse of antibiotics is a global phenomenon. It is an increasingly serious threat to global public health that requires action across all government sectors and society. This study is an attempt to determine the rate of inappropriate use or misuse of antibiotics and understand potential economic loss in Bangladesh. This study uses simulated patients and they behaved like ordinary patients when they visited the doctors and collected prescriptions from them. The study finds that of total, 71.2% prescriptions contained antibiotic drug. The more the male doctors the higher the prescription of antibiotics. Doctors in sub-district level prescribe more antibiotics than the doctors in Dhaka urban periphery and public hospitals. This misuse of antibiotics has serious potential economic loss as it will lead to the development of antibacterial resistance coinciding with the increase in drug-resistant organisms which may result in the use of more toxic drugs. It will impose unnecessary costs on the patients and obviously reduce productivity of labor which is a very important factor of economic growth thus economic development. Keywords: Misuse, Antibiotics, Side effects, Economic growth.

SUPnP : Secure Access and Service Registration for UPnP-Enabled Internet of Things

Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant CNS-1828363, and in part by the Sejong University Research Faculty Program under Grant 20212023.Peer reviewedPostprin

Interfacing Relationship among Work Stress, Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction: Evidence from Banking Industry of Bangladesh

The performance of the employees serving at different levels of an organization gets directly affected by work stress which is also associated with employee motivation and customer satisfaction. Many scholars have argued on the previous comment. The present study's primary purpose is to determine the interfacing relationship among work stress, quality of services, and customer satisfaction of Bangladesh's banking industries. The study mainly followed a quantitative research method based on survey technique. The study has been completed in two sections. The first one was designed for bank employees to measure job stress and job satisfaction. The second one was for customers to investigate their satisfaction level on selected banks. Using the SERVQUAL model responses on service quality and customer satisfaction were collected. A total of 200 employees of the sampled banks were selected conveniently from 40 branches. Subsequently, 110 customers of the sampled Bank were selected randomly from bank premises. Besides, a total of 130 customers were selected purposively based on the contact number collected from the Bank, and the link of the google survey was sent to the selected customers but only 90 responses were collected out of the 130 respondents. Collected data were analyzed by using SPSS and Spreadsheet. Job stress and employee satisfaction were measured with the Kahn et al. (1964) instrument by descriptive statistics. The SERVQUAL model of Parasuraman et al. (1988) was applied to measure the quality of service and satisfaction level of customers.The present study found that bank employees are not satisfied with four dimensions: Governance, working environment, structure and facilities, benefits, etc. Subsequently, the SERVQUAL model analysis found that customers are not satisfied at all on all dimensions. The study concludes with having a positive relationship between the stress level of employees, quality of service, and satisfaction level of the customer within Bangladesh's banking industry. Keywords: Work stress, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, SERVQUAL model] DOI: 10.7176/JESD/12-4-04 Publication date: February 28th 202

Reproductive Performances and Management Effects on Productions of Indigenous Dairy Cows Raised at Char Areas in Northern Bangladesh

The study was conducted to assess the existing reproductive performances and the effect of nutritional supplementation on productions of indigenous cows in Char areas (remote river Jamuna sand islands) in northern part of Bangladesh from October 2009 to March 2010. The study also projected the frequency and determinants of long calving interval (LCI), retention of foetal membrane (RFM), dystocia (D), and abortion (A) in indigenous cattle and explored production trends. Fifty seven dairy households (average breedable cows = 2, range 1 to 3) were visited and data on reproductive, breeding and management histories were collected and statistically analyzed. Overall, 125 breedable indigenous cows were observed to be alive at different stages. The mean (±SE) calving interval were 492 ± 15days and the interval between calving and the initiation of ovarian activity were 143 ± 6.7 days. Birth rate was 53.7 per 100 cows year, with birth been reported to occur in all over of the year. Of the 87 cows that were reported to have calved more than once in their lifetime, 6(6.9%) and 5(5.7%) were associated with abortion and dystocia, respectively. Eight (9.2%) of the animals suffered RFM. All cows were dewormed and supplemented with vitamin-mineral premixes. The body weight of 125 cows and the milk yield of 71 lactating cows were recorded. The mean (± SD) body weight and daily milk yields of the cows during initial and end of veterinary interventions were 121.1 ± 21.0 kg, 1.5 ± 0.1 litres; 165.0 ± 14.0kg and 2.3 ± 0.02 litres, respectively. After productive veterinary interventions, there was an apparent effect of improved health on body weight gain (80g/cow/day) and the average milk yield increased from 1.5 to 2.3 litre/cow. It was concluded that, the present estimate of LCI, birth rate, prevalence of peripartum disorders attributes as the indicators of poor reproductive performances of cows and the productive veterinary health care services improved the general health and production status of the dairy cows in char areas

One Solution to the Arsenic Problem: A Return to Surface (Improved Dug) Wells

Arsenic contamination in drinking-water in Bangladesh is a major catastrophe, the consequences of which exceed most other man-made disasters. The national policy encourages the use of surface water as much as possible without encountering the problems of sanitation that led to the use of groundwater in the first place. This paper describes the success of the Dhaka Community Hospital (DCH) team and the procedure in implementing sanitary, arsenic-free, dugwells. The capital cost for running water is US$ 5-6 per person. Sixty-six sanitary dugwells were installed in phases between 2000 and 2004 in Pabna district of Bangladesh where there was a great need of safe water because, in some villages, 90% of tubewells were highly contaminated with arsenic. In total, 1,549 families now have access to safe arsenic-free dugwell water. Some of them have a water-pipe up to their kitchen. All of these were implemented with active participation of community members. They also pay for water-use and are themselves responsible for the maintenance and water quality. The DCH helped the community with installation and maintenance protocol and also with monitoring water quality. The bacteria levels are low but not always zero, and studies are in progress to reduce bacteria by chlorination.Physic

Secondary stress responses of zebrafish to different pH: Evaluation in a seasonal manner

AbstractStress is one of the most critical factors in fish health. The response to stress in fish is characterized by the stimulation of the hypothalamus, which results in the activation of the neuroendocrine system and a subsequent cascade of metabolic and physiological changes. The present paper deals with the stress responses of water pH on certain biochemical indices and hematological parameters of zebrafish in a seasonal basis. Zebrafish were exposed to different pH e.g., 7.2, 5.0 and 10.0 and the secondary stress responses were observed. The result showed that exposure to pH 5.0 and 10.0 on zebrafish exerted stresses with reference to seasons. Higher values of blood glucose content observed in the month of summer than the month of winter and females showed higher values than males. Chronic effects of pH on the hematological parameters were also significant between these seasons. In conclusion, exposure to pH at sub-lethal concentrations induced biochemical and hematological alterations in zebrafish and offers a simple tool to evaluate the potential risk of polluted water (acid and base) to fish