The immune system of athletes of different sports

Purpose : the comparative study of the immunity features of elite athletes of different sports. Material : study involved athletes of the highest mastery level of cyclic and acyclic sports (n = 147, age 18-23 years). Athletes were divided into groups by kinds of sport. Skiers (n = 54), swimmers (n = 23), wrestlers (n = 49), boxers (n = 21). Results : It was determined that athletes of acyclic sports (wrestlers and boxers) had a significant double increase in the level of secretory immunoglobulin IgA. In parallel, the level of immunoglobulins IgG is reduced. The highest indicators of lysosomal activity were recorded in skiers. Boxers, wrestlers, and swimmers had a decrease in the lysosomal activity level. The maximum phagocytic number is determined in wrestlers, and the minimum - in boxers. Conclusions : Comparative study of the immunity features of elite athletes in various sports suggests that there is a strain on the immune status. This condition is especially expressed in acyclic sports athletes (wrestling, boxing). This is due to the loads in the preparation process. The data received allow to confirm the significance of immune protection indicators in monitoring the athletes functional status

On subspecific structure of Patrobus septentrionis Dejean, 1828 (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Some aspects of the subspecific structure of Patrobus septentrionis Dejean, 1828 are analyzed, the subspecific status of Patrobus septentrionis australis Sahlberg, 1873, subsp. resurr. is resurrected, new subspecies, P. septentrionis volgensis Zamotajlov et Isaev subsp. n. (the Middle Volga region) and P. septentrionis sajanus Zamotajlov subsp. n. (mountains of South Siberia), are described

Effective long term adaptation and metabolic state regulation of ski-racers

Purpose: to scientifically substantiate effective mechanisms of organism’s bio-chemical adaptation of ski-racers in competition period with the help of lipid peroxidation indicators, oxidative modification of proteins and activity of hypothalamus pituitary adrenocortical system. Material: in the research 14 sportsmen of 18-25 years’ age (combined team of university) with different level of sportsmanship participated. Assessment of free radical oxidation, anti-oxidant system, cortisol level was fulfilled with the help of indicators’ quantitative analysis by bio-chemical methods applied to blood serum samples. Results: it was found that in the basis of bio-chemical changes under intensive physical loads is increase of catabolic processes’ speed. Change of organism’s metabolic orientation of ski racers at optimal level results in working muscles’ energy supply improvement, increase of energy systems’ power and sports efficiency. Conclusions: Application of interval trainings at stages of preparation to special significant competitions results in expected adaptation and increase of sports efficiency. We also showed their effective role in ensuring long term reactions, conditioning high sports efficiency