Macroeconomic Policy as A Condition for The Formation of Corporate Financial Policy

The development and improvement of market relations determine the increasing role of finance in the economy and fiscal policy in the management of business entities. Performing the functions of goal-setting and tools for its implementation, financial policy is one of the aspects of financial science and an important component of economic tactics and strategy. Due to the features and interaction of budget, tax, debt, investment and other components of economic policy, financial policy is specific to different economic systems and is largely individual for each object of management

Dependence of the Russian Economy on Oil Prices in the Context of Volatility of the Global oil Market: Articulation of Issue

At the present stage, oil is not just commodity but also a kind of asset, the value of which is associated with multiple financial processes. The impact of oil prices is particularly strong in the countries where trade in energy commodities has reached a high level in total exports. Russia belongs to such countries as well. Oil industry is one of the most important areas for supporting the economy development in Russia. Therefore, there is a need to develop measures for proper functioning of the oil industry, as it provides a significant share of Russia's GDP and budget revenues. Besides, about 80% of foreign investment goes directly to the oil and gas sector. In addition, the long-term dependence of the Russian economy on energy resources has led to decline in incentives for the development of other industries and creation of new technologies. The article explores the issues of dependence of the Russian economy on global oil prices and factors that influence the situation on the global oil market; the increasing role of the financial market of oil contracts in the context of the current economic development is substantiated. This article examines the situation when the country's export is largely focused on energy, while other industries significantly lag behind; it is described in the economic theory as a phenomenon dubbed "Dutch disease". This phenomenon is described by increase in extraction and export of commodities; besides, the influx of capital from exports stimulates consumer demand, but the industrial sector fails to keep up with the growth of the household income due to the pressure of the "Dutch disease", which ultimately increases inflation. In addition, this results in lagging of the processing sector of the economy behind the extractive sector. Keywords: oil market, World Trade Organization, reserve fund, economy JEL Classifications: O10, F1

Improving the energy method for calculating beams with a narrow rectangular section on the side buckling

We propose an improved version of the energy method in calculating rectangular beams for the stability of a flat bending shape. The essence of this variant of the method is to use the principle of the minimum total energy instead of the condition for the equality of the potential strain energy and the work of external forces. This version of the method makes it easy to obtain a numerical-analytical solution for any number of members of series. The solution of the problem for a pivotally supported beam is presented taking into account the vertical displacement of the load relative to the center of gravity

Assessment of cytotoxicity upconversion nanoparticles coated by SiO2 on different cell lines

The present work demonstrates the assessment of cytotoxicity upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coated by SiO2 on different normal and cancer murine cell lines in vitro. The cell viability is scored for cytotoxic effects of UCNPs at dark conditions. UCNPs coated by silica shells provide a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on all studied cell lines which was most pronounced for the Raw264.7 cell line. It is probably caused by the high phagocytic activity of macrophages. The less sensitive cell line was 4T1. The statistically significant differences in cell viability after 24 and 48 h of incubation of cells with particles were observed just for the macrophage cell line. It is worth notifying that after 48 h of incubation the cytotoxic effect on Raw 264.7 cell line increased which shows a possible negative effect on some subpopulations on blood cells. The obtained results confirm a high sensitivity of the UCNPs to the concentration variations within cells. Carriers based on UCNPs and dyes are promising alternatives to photosensitizer for traditional photodynamic therapy and possess prominent potentials in biological and clinical applications