Effects of irrigation applied at different growth stages on chickpea yield

ArticleThis study was conducted over the experimental fields of Erciyes University in 2016 to investigate the effects of irrigations applied at different growth stages on chickpea yields. Experiments were conducted in randomized blocks design with 3 replications. There were 7 irrigation treatments as of I1: rainfed, I2: pre-bloom single irrigation, I3: single irrigation at the beginning of blooming, I4: single irrigation at 50% pod set, I5: two irrigations at 50% bloom and 50% pod-set, I6: two irrigations at pre-bloom and 50% pod-set, I7: full irrigation. The amount of applied irrigation water varied between 85.6–323 mm. Plant water consumptions varied between 262 – 569 mm. The greatest yield was obtained from I4 treatment with 273 kg da-1 and the lowest yield was obtained from I1 treatments with 146 kg da-1. It was concluded for chickpea cultivation under deficit water resources conditions that water deficits may be applied at different growth stages except for 50% pod-set period

Variaciones en los contenidos de aceite, proteínas, ácidos grasos y vitamina E de las semillas de calabaza con riego deficitario

In the present study, pumpkin (Cucurbita Pepo L.) was grown under water stress to determine its effects on the chemical composition of the seeds (i.e., oil, protein, fatty acids and vitamin E), in Kayseri, Turkey. Irrigation treatments were designed to supply different portions of depleted moisture within the efficient root zone of the plants (60 cm). The treatments were arranged as supplying 100% (I100), 80% (I80), 60% (I60), 40% (I40), 20% (I20) and 0% (I0) of depleted moisture through a drip irrigation system. The effects of irrigation levels on the oil content of pumpkin seeds were found to be significant (p < 0.01). The oil contents of irrigation treatments varied between 26% (I0, dry) and 64% (I100, full irrigation). However, the effects of deficit irrigation on protein, fatty acids and vitamin E contents were not found to be significant. The vitamin E contents varied from 41.6 – 55.3 mg/100 g; while the protein contents varied from 28.5–37.7%. Six different fatty acids (linolenic, linoleic, oleic, stearic, palmitic and myristic acid) were examined. The average concentration of palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids ranged from 10.7–12.6%, 6.4–10.4%, 39.6–48.9% and 32.4–35%, respectively. Myristic and linolenic acids were not detected in the pumpkin seeds.En este trabajo se cultivaron calabazas (Cucurbita Pepo L.) en Kayseri, Turquía, con el objetivo de determinar los efectos del estrés hídrico en la composición química de las semillas (aceite, proteínas, ácidos grasos y vitamina E). Los tratamientos de irrigación se realizaron mediante el suministro de diferentes porciones de humedad dentro de la zona de la raíz eficiente de las plantas (60 cm). Los tratamientos se organizaron para suministrar 100% (I100), 80% (I80), 60% (I60), 40% (I40), 20% (I20) y 0% (I0) de humedad controlada a través del sistema de riego por goteo. Los efectos de los niveles de irrigación sobre el contenido de aceite de las semillas de calabaza fueron significativos (p < 0.01). El contenido de aceite en función de los tratamientos de riego varió entre el 26% (I0, seco) y el 64% (I100, riego completo). Sin embargo, los efectos del déficit de irrigación sobre los contenidos de proteínas, ácidos grasos y vitamina E no fueron significativos. Los contenidos de vitamina E variaron entre 41,6 y 55,3 mg/100 g, mientras que los contenidos de proteína variaron entre 28,5 y 37,7%. Se determinaron seis ácidos grasos (linolénico, linoleico, oleico, esteárico, palmítico y mirístico). La concentración promedio de los ácidos palmítico, esteárico, oleico y linoleico osciló entre 10,7–12,6%, 6,4–10,4%, 39,6–48,9% y 32,4–35%, respectivamente. Los ácidos mirístico y linolénico no fueron detectaron en las semillas de calabaza

Variaciones en los contenidos de aceite, proteínas, ácidos grasos y vitamina E de las semillas de calabaza con riego deficitario

In the present study, pumpkin (Cucurbita Pepo L.) was grown under water stress to determine its effects on the chemical composition of the seeds (i.e., oil, protein, fatty acids and vitamin E), in Kayseri, Turkey. Irrigation treatments were designed to supply different portions of depleted moisture within the efficient root zone of the plants (60 cm). The treatments were arranged as supplying 100% (I100), 80% (I80), 60% (I60), 40% (I40), 20% (I20) and 0% (I0) of depleted moisture through a drip irrigation system. The effects of irrigation levels on the oil content of pumpkin seeds were found to be significant (p < 0.01). The oil contents of irrigation treatments varied between 26% (I0, dry) and 64% (I100, full irrigation). However, the effects of deficit irrigation on protein, fatty acids and vitamin E contents were not found to be significant. The vitamin E contents varied from 41.6 – 55.3 mg/100 g; while the protein contents varied from 28.5–37.7%. Six different fatty acids (linolenic, linoleic, oleic, stearic, palmitic and myristic acid) were examined. The average concentration of palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids ranged from 10.7–12.6%, 6.4–10.4%, 39.6–48.9% and 32.4–35%, respectively. Myristic and linolenic acids were not detected in the pumpkin seeds.En este trabajo se cultivaron calabazas (Cucurbita Pepo L.) en Kayseri, Turquía, con el objetivo de determinar los efectos del estrés hídrico en la composición química de las semillas (aceite, proteínas, ácidos grasos y vitamina E). Los tratamientos de irrigación se realizaron mediante el suministro de diferentes porciones de humedad dentro de la zona de la raíz eficiente de las plantas (60 cm). Los tratamientos se organizaron para suministrar 100% (I100), 80% (I80), 60% (I60), 40% (I40), 20% (I20) y 0% (I0) de humedad controlada a través del sistema de riego por goteo. Los efectos de los niveles de irrigación sobre el contenido de aceite de las semillas de calabaza fueron significativos (p < 0.01). El contenido de aceite en función de los tratamientos de riego varió entre el 26% (I0, seco) y el 64% (I100, riego completo). Sin embargo, los efectos del déficit de irrigación sobre los contenidos de proteínas, ácidos grasos y vitamina E no fueron significativos. Los contenidos de vitamina E variaron entre 41,6 y 55,3 mg/100 g, mientras que los contenidos de proteína variaron entre 28,5 y 37,7%. Se determinaron seis ácidos grasos (linolénico, linoleico, oleico, esteárico, palmítico y mirístico). La concentración promedio de los ácidos palmítico, esteárico, oleico y linoleico osciló entre 10,7–12,6%, 6,4–10,4%, 39,6–48,9% y 32,4–35%, respectivamente. Los ácidos mirístico y linolénico no fueron detectaron en las semillas de calabaza

Multislice computed tomographic measurements of optic nerve sheath diameter in brain injury patients [Beyin hasarı olan hastalarda çok kesitli bilgisayarlı tomografide optik sinir kılıfı ölçümleri]

BACKGROUND: Currently, the measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has been offered as a possible indicator of intracranial pressure (ICP). Increased ICP is observed during intracranial injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between increased ONSD and positive intracranial findings from multislice computed tomography (CT) of the brain. METHODS: In total, CT scans of 161 patients were retrospectively reviewed. The image that showed the largest ONSD was magnified five times. RESULTS: The CT scan revealed intracranial lesions in 54 patients and no intracranial lesions in 107 patients. A significant relationship was observed between positive CT findings and increased ONSD: 5.60±0.75 mm vs. 5.35±0.75 mm (p=0.038). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.600 (95% confidence interval, 0.508–0.692; p<0.039). A cut-off value of ≥5.0 mm had a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 36%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a significant yet poor relationship between intracranial injury and increased ONSD from the multislice CT scan. Severe structural changes in the brain and trauma that causes bleeding have only limited effects on the extension of the optic nerve. © 2018 Turkish Association of Trauma and Emergency Surgery