Avaliação da capacidade de decisão de idosos diagnosticados com depressão maior

*** Assessment of the decision-making capacity of elderly individuals diagnosed with major depression ***AIMS: To verify if there are changes in the decision-making capacity of elderly patients with major depression.METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study with an initial cross-sectional analysis conducted between January 2014 and September 2015. Treatment-naïve elderly patients from the Cerebral Aging Outpatient Clinic at PUCRS São Lucas Hospital, in Porto Alegre, Brazil, all diagnosed with major depressive disorder, were selected. The control group was composed of elderly individuals from the same community who had neither depression nor cognitive problems. For evaluation of the decision-making capacity, the Assessment Scale for Decision-Making Capacity was designed and validated in a previous stage of the research. This instrument is divided into four domains: daily activity, financial management, self-management, and well-being. The Geriatric Depression Scale (short version) and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (detailed version) were used to evaluate the presence of depression. The Vellore Screening Instrument for Dementia and the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (revised version) were applied to evaluate cognitive decline. Decision-making capacity was compared between the two groups of elderly individuals. The same evaluation was conducted with elderly patients with depression after six months of psychiatric treatment. The statistical analysis included Student’s t, Pearson’s chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.05.RESULTS: Forty-eight elderly patients with major depression and 144 elderly individuals from the control group participated in the study. The Assessment Scale for Decision-Making Capacity average score in depression patients was 70.5±17.9, compared to 94.6±9.6 (p<0.001) in the control group, which indicates poorer decision-making capacity among patients with major depression. The domains with the most striking differences in the average scores were self-management (depression patients 65.0±23.3 and control group 97.8±6.2) and well-being (depression patients 52.2±27.1 and control group 91.8±16.7). When comparing patients with depression before and after treatment, regarding both the general score and the four domains of the Assessment Scale for Decision-Making Capacity, the decision-making capacity was higher after the treatment.CONCLUSIONS: The group of elderly patients with current major depression had a lower decision-making capacity compared to the control group. Their decision-making capacity improved after six months of psychiatric treatment.*** Avaliação da capacidade de decisão de idosos diagnosticados com depressão maior ***OBJETIVOS: Verificar se há alteração na capacidade de decisão em idosos com depressão maior.MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte prospectiva com análise transversal inicial, no período de janeiro de 2014 a setembro de 2015. Para o grupo de estudo foram selecionados pacientes idosos do Ambulatório de Envelhecimento Cerebral do Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS, em Porto Alegre, RS, diagnosticados com depressão maior atual e ainda sem tratamento para esse transtorno. Um grupo controle foi composto por idosos da mesma comunidade, sem depressão ou problemas cognitivos. Para avaliação da capacidade de decisão foi utilizada a Escala de Avaliação de Capacidade de Decisão (ESCADE), desenvolvida e validada em uma etapa anterior da pesquisa. Esse instrumento dividide-se em quatro domínios: atividade diária, gestão financeira, autogestão e bem-estar. A Escala de Depressão Geriátrica, forma abreviada, e o instrumento Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, versão detalhada, foram utilizados para avaliar a presença de depressão. O Instrumento de Triagem para Demência Vellore e o Exame Cognitivo de Addenbrooke versão revisada foram aplicados para avaliar declínio cognitivo. A capacidade de decisão foi comparada entre os dois grupos de idosos. A mesma avaliação foi feita nos idosos com depressão após seis meses de tratamento psiquiátrico. A análise estatística incluiu os testes t de Student, qui-quadrado de Pearson, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon. Foi considerado significativo um p≤0,05.RESULTADOS: Participaram da pesquisa 48 idosos com depressão maior e 144 idosos no grupo controle. A pontuação média da ESCADE nos primeiros foi de 70,5±17,9, e nos controles de 94,6±9,6 (p<0,001), identificando menor capacidade de decisão nos idosos com depressão maior. Os domínios com maior diferença nas médias de pontuação foram o de autogestão (deprimidos 65,0±23,3 e controles 97,8±6,2) e o de bem-estar (deprimidos 52,2±27,1 e controles de 91,8±16,7). Comparando o grupo com depressão antes e após o tratamento, tanto para a pontuação geral quanto para cada um dos quatro domínios da ESCADE, a capacidade de tomada de decisão aumentou após o tratamento.CONCLUSÕES: O grupo de idosos com depressão maior atual apresentou menor capacidade de decisão em relação ao grupo controle. Houve melhora na capacidade de decisão após seis meses de tratamento psiquiátrico

Adesão à dieta por idosos com síndrome metabólica assistidos na Estratégia Saúde da Família: frequência e associação com depressão

Aims: To describe diet adherence and to analyze its association with depression in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome treated by the Family Health Strategy.Methods: Cross-sectional study including elderly patients with metabolic syndrome diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria who participated in the Epidemiological and Clinical Study of Elderly Individuals Treated by the Family Health Strategy in Porto Alegre, Brazil. A questionnaire developed by the researchers based on the recommendations of the I Brazilian Guideline for Metabolic Syndrome was used to evaluate compliance with eight possible dietary guidelines provided by health professionals (intake of "whole foods", "sweets", "sugar", "fruits/vegetables/legumes", "salt", "fatty foods/fried foods", "processed foods" and "fish"). Diet adherence was considered when an individual followed all dietary guidelines (regardless of their number, which ranged from one to eight). The diagnosis of depression was based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview instrument, used by psychiatrists.Results: A total of 109 elderly patients were included in the study, most of whom were female (67.9%). The mean age was 68.4±6.6 years (61-90 years). Thirty-seven elderly patients (33.9%) were considered adherent to the diet. Lower salt intake was the dietary guidance with greater adherence (89.1%) while the consumption of whole foods exhibited less adherence (59.7%). There was no association of diet adherence with sociodemographic and clinical parameters and with metabolic syndrome components. The frequency of adherence to the recommendation against the consumption of sugar and sweets was significantly lower among individuals with depression (43.9% and 34.9%, respectively; p = 0.001).Conclusions: Diet adherence occurred in one third of elderly patients with metabolic syndrome treated at the primary health care level. There was lower adherence to the recommendation against the consumption of sweets and sugar in individuals diagnosed with depression.Objetivos: Descrever a frequência de adesão à dieta e analisar sua associação com depressão em idosos com síndrome metabólica assistidos na atenção básica de saúde.Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu idosos com síndrome metabólica diagnosticada pelos critérios do National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, participantes do Estudo Epidemiológico e Clínico dos Idosos Atendidos pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família do Município de Porto Alegre (EMI-SUS). A avaliação da adesão à dieta foi realizada através de um questionário, elaborado pelos pesquisadores com base nas recomendações da I Diretriz Brasileira de Síndrome Metabólica, sobre a adesão a oito possíveis orientações dietéticas recebidas de profissionais da saúde (em relação a ingestão de “alimentos integrais”, “doces”, “açúcar”, “frutas/verduras/legumes”, “sal”, “alimentos gordurosos/frituras”, “alimentos processados” e “peixes”). Considerou-se aderente à dieta o indivíduo que seguiu todas as orientações dietéticas recebidas, independente de quantas foram (entre uma e oito possíveis orientações). O diagnóstico de depressão foi baseado no instrumento Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, aplicado por psiquiatras.Resultados: Foram incluídos 109 idosos, sendo que a maioria era do sexo feminino (67,9%). A média da idade foi 68,4±6,6 anos (61-90 anos). Trinta e sete idosos (33,9%) foram considerados aderentes à dieta. A orientação dietética com maior adesão foi a de diminuir a ingestão de sal (89,1%) e a com menor adesão foi a de consumir alimentos integrais (59,7%). Não se observou associação da adesão à dieta com variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e componentes da síndrome metabólica. A frequência de adesão à orientação de evitar o consumo de açúcar e de doces foi significativamente menor entre os indivíduos com depressão (43,9% e 34,9%, respectivamente; p=0,001).Conclusões: A adesão à dieta foi observada em um terço dos idosos com síndrome metabólica atendidos na atenção básica de saúde. Nos indivíduos com diagnóstico de depressão, a adesão às orientações de evitar o consumo de doces e de açúcar foi menor

Síndrome metabólica em idosos assistidos na atenção terciária à saúde em Curitiba, Paraná: prevalência e associação com saúde, capacidade funcional, estilo de vida e fatores sociodemográficos

Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in elderly assisted in tertiary health care and the association between metabolic syndrome and health, functional capacity, life style, and sociodemographic factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving elderly assisted in an outpatient medical clinic of a university hospital in Curitiba, capital of Paraná State, Brazil. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII). The variables evaluated were: metabolic syndrome and its components; demographic and socioeconomic factors (age, sex, education, family income); lifestyle (smoking, alcohol use, adherence to diet, physical activity); health profile (non-communicable diseases, continued use of medicines); and functional capacity, determined by Katz and Lawton scales.Results: The study included 133 elderly, with a mean age of 68.7±5.8 years (60-85 years), most of them women (66.9%). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 63.9%, being 71.8% in women and 28.2% in men (p=0.16). Metabolic syndrome was more frequent in individuals aged 60-69 years compared with those above that age (64.7% versus 35.3%; p=0.03). There was also association of metabolic syndrome with reporting five or more chronic diseases (60.0% versus 29.2%, p<0.001) and with using seven or more continuous medicines (36.5% versus 1.6%, p<0.001). Abdominal obesity was more frequent among women (98.4% versus 66.7%; p=0.001) and hyperglycemia was more frequent among men (95.8% versus 75.4%; p=0.03). Only 7.1% of the elderly with metabolic syndrome were considered dependent.Conclusions: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was high in this sample of elderly assisted in tertiary health care setting. The distribution of two of the five components of metabolic syndrome was different between sexes (central obesity more frequent in women and hyperglycemia more frequent in men). Elderly people with metabolic syndrome were more often less than 70 years old, reported more chronic diseases and used more continuous medicines. There was no association of metabolic syndrome with sex, socioeconomic factors, lifestyle or functional capacity.Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica em idosos assistidos na atenção terciária à saúde e a associação entre síndrome metabólica e saúde, capacidade funcional, estilo de vida e fatores sociodemográficos.Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal envolvendo idosos  atendidos em um ambulatório de Clínica Médica de um hospital universitário localizado em Curitiba, capital do Paraná. A síndrome metabólica foi definida pelos critérios do National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII). As variáveis avaliadas foram: síndrome metabólica e seus componentes; fatores demográficos e socioeconômicos (faixa etária, sexo, escolaridade, renda familiar); estilo de vida (tabagismo, etilismo, adesão à dieta, atividade física); perfil de saúde (doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, medicamentos de uso contínuo); e capacidade funcional, determinada através das escalas de Katz e de Lawton.Resultados: Participaram do estudo 133 idosos, com média de idade de 68,7±5,8 anos (60-85 anos), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (66,9%). A prevalência de síndrome metabólica foi de 63,9%, sendo 71,8% entre mulheres e 28,2% entre os homens (p=0,16). Síndrome metabólica foi mais frequente nos indivíduos entre 60-69 anos em comparação com os acima dessa idade (64,7% versus 35,3%; p=0,03). Também houve associação de síndrome metabólica com relato de cinco ou mais doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (60,0% versus 29,2%, p<0,001) e com uso de sete ou mais medicamentos contínuos (36,5% versus 1,6%, p<0,001). Obesidade abdominal foi significativamente mais frequente entre as mulheres (98,4% versus 66,7%; p=0,001) e hiperglicemia mais frequente entre os homens (95,8% versus 75,4%; p=0,03). Apenas 7,1% dos idosos com síndrome metabólica eram considerados dependentes.Conclusões: A prevalência de síndrome metabólica foi elevada nesta amostra de idosos assistidos na atenção terciária à saúde. A distribuição de dois dos cinco componentes da síndrome metabólica  foi diferenciada entre os sexos (obesidade central mais frequente em mulheres e hiperglicemia em homens). Idosos com síndrome metabólica tinham mais frequentemente menos de 70 anos, relatavam maior número de doenças crônicas e usavam maior número de medicações contínuas. Não se observou associação de síndrome metabólica com sexo, fatores socioeconômicos, estilo de vida e capacidade funcional

Potentially inappropriate medication and associated factors such as depression and dementia: An analysis of middle-aged and elderly people

AIMS: To establish the frequency potentially inappropriate medications use and the associated factors, such as signs and symptoms of depression and cognitive deficit among middle-aged and elderly people.METHODS: A cross-sectional population study was performed with 2,350 people, aged between 55-103 years, registered in the primary health care. Potentially inappropriate medications were defined by updated 2019 Beers criteria. Studied variables were sociodemographic, lifestyle and health, and signs and symptoms of depression and cognitive deficit. Multinomial regression analysis was executed.RESULTS: The frequency of potentially inappropriate medications use was 65.4%. Former and current smokers, regular self-perception of health, polypharmacy, and individuals with signs and symptoms of depression and cognitive deficit were significantly associated with potentially inappropriate medications use. Antiarrhythmics, antihistamines and antiadrenergic agents were the highest potentially inappropriate medications classes used for individuals with signs and symptoms of depression and cognitive deficit.CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of use of potentially inappropriate medications is high among middle-aged people, a population that was previously under-researched, as well as among elderly people. Cognitive impairment alone or together with depression symptoms were associated factor for a potentially inappropriate medications use. Knowledge of the pharmacoepidemiology of potentially inappropriate medications is an important for the promotion of the rational use of drugs in public health.OBJETIVOS: Estabelecer a frequência de uso de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados e fatores associados, tais como sinais e sintomas de depressão e déficit cognitivo, em indivíduos de meia-idade e idosos.MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de base populacional com 2.350 indivíduos, de idade entre 55 e 103 anos, cadastrados na atenção primária à saúde. Medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados foram definidos pelos Critérios Beers atualizados em 2019. As variáveis estudadas foram sociodemográficas, estilo de vida, clínicas, bem como sinais e sintomas de depressão e déficit cognitivo. Foi realizada análise de regressão multinomial.RESULTADOS: A frequência de uso de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados foi de 65,4%. O uso de medicações potencialmente inapropriadas foi significativamente associado a indivíduos ex-fumantes e fumantes atuais, com autopercepção de saúde regular, usuários de polifarmácia e com sinais e sintomas de depressão e déficit cognitivo. Antiarrítmicos, anti-histamínicos e antiadrenérgicos foram as classes de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados mais utilizada pelos indivíduos com sinais e sintomas de depressão e déficit cognitivo.CONCLUSÕES: A frequência de utilização de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados é alta em pessoas de meia-idade, faixa etária pouco pesquisada, bem como em idosos. O comprometimento cognitivo, isoladamente ou em conjunto com sintomas de depressão, foi um fator associado ao uso de medicações potencialmente inapropriadas. O conhecimento da farmacoepidemiologia de utilização de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados é importante para a promoção do uso racional de medicamentos na saúde pública.DESCRITORES: lista de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados; meia-idade; idoso; depressão; demência; saúde pública

Instruments for evaluating financial management capacity among the elderly: an integrative literature review

<div><p>Abstract Objective: To identify tools available in literature for assessing the financial management capacity of elderly persons with and without cognitive deficit or impairment. Methods: An integrative literature review was performed. Scientific publications indexed in the PubMed, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), Psychology Index and Cochrane Library databases by November 2015 were evaluated. Results: Of the 609 articles obtained from the databases, 29 were considered eligible for this review, and involved 11 instruments for the evaluation of financial management capacity, the most cited of which was the Financial Capacity Instrument (FCI). Conclusion: There are several scales and instruments available which are used to investigate both daily and instrumental activities of daily living, which allow the independence and effective functioning of the elderly on a day to day basis to be verified. Non-Brazilian literature also describes specific instruments for the assessment of financial management capacity. However, no references to a specific scale that evaluates this construct and which has been validated and adapted for the Brazilian population were identified.</p></div

Anthropometric measurements in elderly assisted in primary health care and their association with gender, age and frailty syndrome: EMI-SUS data

Aims: To describe anthropometric measurements and analyze their association with gender, age, and frailty syndrome in elderly assisted in primary health care. Methods: This cross-sectional study is part of the Multidimensional Study of the Elderly in the Family Health Strategy in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil (EMI-SUS). Twenty-seven anthropometric measurements (analyzed in isolation or in equations, totaling 41 measurements) and data for determining the frailty (Fried Phenotype) were collected from elderly individuals. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Student t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analysis, considering a confidence level of 95%. Results: The sample included 583 elderly, of whom 371 (63.6%) were women. Men presented significantly higher means for weight, height, knee-height; forearm, muscle arm, neck and wrist circumferences; muscle armarea; ratios for waist-to-hip, waist-to-thigh, and trunk-to-skinfolds-extremities; and sagittal and conicity indexes. Women showed higher means for body mass index; arm, waist, thigh and hip circumferences; biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, pectoral, thigh, calf, and mean of six skinfolds; fat arm area, waist-to-height ratio and sagittal abdominal diameter-to-height ratio. The younger elderly presented higher measures of forearm, arm, muscle arm and thigh circumferences; and muscle arm area, in relation to the older. The robust elderly had higher measures of height, knee-height, muscle arm circumference and muscle arm area; and lower fat arm area, thigh, pectoral, biceps, triceps and calf skinfolds; and sagittal abdominal diameter-to-height ratio, than the pre-frail and frail seniors. The frail elderly had lower calf and forearm circumferences than the robust elderly, and higher waist-to-height, waist-to-thigh and waist-to-calf ratios, and conicity and sagittal indexes. Conclusions: Anthropometric measures were associated with gender, age and frailty. In men, the mean measures of size, build and muscle mass reserve were higher. In women, the mean measures of fat reserve were higher and the association of the measures with age group was more frequent. Frailty proved to be associated with muscle mass loss. The frail elderly had lower measures of size and complexion

Electrical Stimulation for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review

Background Electrical stimulation is commonly recommended to treat urinary incontinence in women. It includes several techniques that can be used to improve stress, urge, and mixed symptoms. However, the magnitude of the alleged benefits is not completely established. Objectives To determine the effects of electrical stimulation in women with symptoms or urodynamic diagnoses of stress, urge, and mixed incontinence. Search Strategy: Our review included articles published between January 1980 and January 2012. We used the search terms “urinary incontinence”, “electrical stimulation”, “intravaginal”, “tibial nerve” and “neuromodulation” for studies including female patients. Selection Criteria We evaluated randomized trials that included electrical stimulation in at least one arm of the trial, to treat women with urinary incontinence. Data Collection and Analysis Two reviewers independently assessed the data from the trials, for inclusion or exclusion, and methodological analysis. Main Results A total of 30 randomized clinical trials were included. Most of the trials involved intravaginal electrical stimulation. Intravaginal electrical stimulation showed effectiveness in treating urge urinary incontinence, but reported contradictory data regarding stress and mixed incontinence. Tibial-nerve stimulation showed promising results in randomized trials with a short follow-up period. Sacral-nerve stimulation yielded interesting results in refractory patients. Conclusions Tibial-nerve and intravaginal stimulation have shown effectiveness in treating urge urinary incontinence. Sacral-nerve stimulation provided benefits in refractory cases. Presently available data provide no support for the use of intravaginal electrical stimulation to treat stress urinary incontinence in women. Further randomized trials are necessary to determine the magnitude of benefits, with long-term follow-up, and the effectiveness of other electrical-stimulation therapies

Prevalence of bipolar disorder in a sample of older adults

AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of bipolar disorder in a sample of older adults and to examine associated socio-demographic and clinical factors.METHODS: Cross-sectional population-based study of individuals aged 60 years or older registered with the Family Health Strategy in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, selected randomly from 30 different basic health units. Participants were subjected to diagnostic assessment for bipolar disorder and suicide risk using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus 5.0.0. Categorical variables were described as absolute and relative frequencies. Quantitative variables were expressed as means and standard deviations. The Pearson chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used as appropriate to evaluate potential associations between the independent variables suicide attempt and risk of suicide. To control for possible confounders and assess variables independently associated with the outcome of interest, the strength association among different risk factors was assessed by means of prevalence ratios, which were estimated with a controlled Poisson model or multivariate Poisson regression. The significance level was set at 5% (p≤0.05).RESULTS: The sample comprised 550 older adults. The lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder in the sample was 5.8% and the point prevalence was 1.5%. In those with bipolar disorder, 59.4% were type I and 40.6% type II. Significant associations were observed between bipolar disorder regardless of type and female gender (prevalence rate [PR] 2.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-5.81), living with a partner (PR 2.52, 95%CI 1.21-5.24), history of suicide attempt (PR 3.16, 95%CI 1.53-6.25), and suicide risk (PR 2.98, 95%CI 1.47-6.06). When analyzed each type of bipolar disorder, statistically significant associations were found between age under 70 years and type I bipolar disorder; having companion and type II bipolar disorder; and risk of suicide was associated with both types of bipolar disorder.CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the type of bipolar disorder, women and those living with a partner were more affected. History of suicide attempts and suicide risk were more frequent in elderly subjects with bipolar disorder than in those without the disorder.***Prevalência de transtorno bipolar em uma amostra de idosos***OBJETIVOS: Estimar a prevalência do diagnóstico de transtorno bipolar em idosos e examinar fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos associados.MÉTODOS: Um estudo transversal de base populacional incluiu indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais cadastrados na Estratégia de Saúde da Família, em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, selecionados aleatoriamente de 30 diferentes unidades básicas de saúde. Os participantes realizaram avaliação diagnóstica para transtorno bipolar usando o Mini  International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus 5.0.0. Variáveis categóricas foram descritas como frequência absoluta e relativa. Variáveis quantitativas foram expressas como média e desvio padrão. O teste qui-quadrado de Pearson ou o exato de Fisher quando apropriado foram usados para avaliar associações potenciais entre as variáveis independentes tentativa de suicídio e risco de suicídio. Para controlar para possíveis confundidores e avaliar as variáveis independentemente associadas com o desfecho de interesse, a força da associação entre diferentes fatores de risco foi avaliada por meio de taxas de prevalência, que foram estimadas através de um modelo controlado de Poisson ou regressão multivariada de Poisson. O nível de significância foi de 5% (p≤0.05).RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta por 550 idosos. A prevalência ao longo da vida de transtorno bipolar foi 5,8% e a prevalência pontual foi 1,5%. Naqueles com transtorno bipolar, 59,4% eram do tipo I e 40,6% do tipo II.Foram observadas associações significativas de transtorno bipolar, independentemente do tipo, com gênero feminino (razão de prevalência [RP] 2,42, intervalo de confiança (IC) 95% 1,01-5,81), morando com um parceiro (RP 2,52, IC 95% 1,21-5,24), história de tentativa de suicídio (RP 3.16, IC 95% 1.53-6.25) e risco de suicídio (RP 2.98, IC 95% 1.47-6.06). Quando analisados separadamente cada tipo de transtorno bipolar, associações estatisticamente significativas foram encontradas entre idade inferior a 70 anos e transtorno bipolar tipo I; ter companheiro e transtorno bipolar tipo II; e o risco de suicídio foi associado a ambos os tipos de transtorno bipolar.CONCLUSÕES: Independentemente do tipo de, as mulheres e os que viviam com parceiros foram mais afetados. História de tentativa de suicídio e risco de suicídio foram mais frequentes entre os indivíduos idosos que apresentavam transtorno bipolar do que entre os que não o apresentavam