612 research outputs found
Instanton Counting and Chern-Simons Theory
The instanton partition function of N=2, D=4 SU(2) gauge theory is obtained
by taking the field theory limit of the topological open string partition
function, given by a Chern-Simons theory, of a CY3-fold. The CY3-fold on the
open string side is obtained by geometric transition from local F_0 which is
used in the geometric engineering of the SU(2) theory. The partition function
obtained from the Chern-Simons theory agrees with the closed topological string
partition function of local F_0 proposed recently by Nekrasov. We also obtain
the partition functions for local F_1 and F_2 CY3-folds and show that the
topological string amplitudes of all local Hirzebruch surfaces give rise to the
same field theory limit. It is shown that a generalization of the topological
closed string partition function whose field theory limit is the generalization
of the instanton partition function, proposed by Nekrasov, can be determined
easily from the Chern-Simons theory.Comment: 39 pages, references added, typos corrected, cosmetic change
The Vertex on a Strip
We demonstrate that for a broad class of local Calabi-Yau geometries built
around a string of IP^1's - those whose toric diagrams are given by
triangulations of a strip - we can derive simple rules, based on the
topological vertex, for obtaining expressions for the topological string
partition function in which the sums over Young tableaux have been performed.
By allowing non-trivial tableaux on the external legs of the corresponding web
diagrams, these strips can be used as building blocks for more general
geometries. As applications of our result, we study the behavior of topological
string amplitudes under flops, as well as check Nekrasov's conjecture in its
most general form.Comment: 26 pages, 12 figures; v2: minor corrections, version to appear in
ATM
Impact of trade openness on output growth for Pakistan: an empirical investigation
In this paper we analyze the impact of trade liberalization policy on GDP growth of Pakistan for the period ranging from 1972 to 2002. We found that there is long run negative relationship between trade growth and GDP growth. When we separate the total trade volume in export and import we find insignificant positive relationship between GDP and export and import. Both the models showed positive and significant relationship between GDP and investment.Trade Openness; Liberalization
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