THE STATUS OF CIRCULATION SECTION IN TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY CENTRAL LIBRARY

This study entitled ”The status of circulation section in Tribhuvan University Central Library” has been carried out basing upon the substantive issues raised by its users about the important aspect of circulation section, its opening time and duration. There is the problem of overdue books. And questions have been raised about the clearance certificate which is compulsory for the PG students, who, in fact are not the bonafied members of TUCL. The present study has been carried out with the objectives to find out the obvious reasons behind it revealing the present status of circulation services of TUCL. This study also discusses about the opening time of TUCL, book issued and returned per year, the users opinion about over dues and compulsory clearance system for the PG students. This study has not covered the over all aspects of TUCL, but only about its circulation section and faculty members and students of other department, are not included due to lack of time and resource. This study has great significance to know the present status of circulation system of TUCL and to find out the problem faced by PG students outside the University Campus, Kirtipur. Different literature, explaining circulation system of various academic and public libraries have been reviewed to get information related to our study. About eleven literature have been reviewed from books, Journals and web. The study has been focused on circulation system of TUCL. However, other activities like membership, overdue, and clearance certificate services have been implicitly carried out. Data have been collected using questionnaire method in this research. Collected data have been tabulated, analyzed and interpreted in a systematic way. Hundred questionnaires were distributed and they were duly filled and returned. 70 percentage of the respondents have said that they are satisfied with the present opening time and rest 30% showed their dissatisfaction. Majority of the respondents (76%) urged TUCL to provide more effective services. They ( 68%) suggested to improve the card filing strictly following alphabetical order. (68%) of the respondents expressed their concern about the proper shelving of books in the book shelves. Majority of the respondents(55%) also pointed the need of the library regular orientation program. A brief summary including all the facts and figures have been provided and a succinct conclusion has been drawn. Necessary recommendation has been made based upon the study. • Circulation service should be carried out till the library opens. • There must not be wide gap between library opening time and circulation service providing time. • Books are to be properly shelved. • Cards are to be filed strictly in alphabetical order. • Library orientation programs are to be conducted timely. • Advocacy of rules and regulation should be properly done. • Circulation section has to be well equipped technically. • Circulation staffs are to be made more cooperative and users friendly. • Some additional staffs are to be deputed in the circulation section. • New books are materials are to be supplied in the library. • The dissatisfied PG students of other campuses are to be reminded and explained about the reason and policy of TUCL

Paradigms of Development: Issues in Industrial Policy in India -

This paper presents empirical evidence on the cement industry in Gujarat to support the argument that the state still has an important role to play in determining the development path of India. A detailed case study of the impact of two cement plants on their localities includes the consequences for employment generation, land markets, farmer livelihoods, labour markets, environment and pollution. The author concludes that public action is required in order to achieve sectoral balance, secure adequate environmental protection and correct factor market distortions.

Revenue incentives at the third tier.

Given the poor level of exploitation in most states of even such sources of revenue as have been legislatively assigned to the fiscal domain of panchayati raj institutions, the most important issue is that of incentives for own revenue collection. Incentives can be built into the design of State-local transfers by deducting local revenue potential from closed-ended grant entitlements, thus deeming local collections as having been realised (upto some stipulated fraction of potential if need be). Such a system can work only if the assessment of revenue potential across panchayat jurisdictions is perceived as cross-sectionally fair, and if it carries minimal costs of assessment for the State government. The jurisdiction-specific indicator must also not carry policy endogeneity, with adverse incentives for provision of public services by PRIs. The paper examines these issues and suggests a way by which the revenue potential can be quantified in an operationally useful way, without adverse incentives. The paper also examines whether State governments should be incentivised by the Centre to implement decentralisation and encourage own revenue generation by PRIs.Revenue potential ; Panchayati raj institutions

East of the West: Repossessing the Past In India

Public history, as it is practised in India, defies easy attempts at classification. This is partially because hardly anything that would be recognised as public history is identified as such by its author(s). For the term, despite its ever-increasing acceptance outside India as a discipline and a practice distinct from history, has yet to gain any currency within India. Any attempt to identify works that are self-consciously public history in the Indian context will likely not yield much fruit. Nor, for that matter, will borrowing any of the many definitions of the term from the West and trying to find works that adhere to it in India. Instead, this chapter will try to highlight the myriad forms that public engagements with the past have taken place in India. This article focuses specifically on museums, arguably the preeminent site of public engagements with the past in India. To that end, it will look at a new generation of museums that are charting new paths towards enabling a better public engagement with the past. It will also analyse a few institutional forms of public engagements with the past

Fiscal developments and outlook in India.

The paper identifies those elements in the configuration of fiscal parameters confronting the country that give cause for concern, and examines whether the fiscal reform measures taken address these adequately. The primary fiscal indicators consolidated across Central and state governments over the last fifty years, normalised by GDP and taken in first differences, are examined for evidence of countercyclical fiscal policy, and election-year profligacy. The underlying structural cause of fiscal stress since the start of reform in FY92 is then identified, as the uncompensated loss of trade tax revenues. This has led to a fall in the tax/GDP ratio, amounting by FY02 to two percent of GDP relative to the all-time peak of 16 percent achieved in FY90 (there is provisional evidence however of an upturn in FY03 by one percent). Finally, the two major fiscal reforms initiated in FY00 are examined. One is the accounting change whereby `small savings', a supply-driven automatic borrowing channel, were re-routed into a newly created National Small Savings Fund, independently of the budget. Although just an accounting change, it had a profound effect in terms of signalling the need for financial viability in the small savings scheme, and thus eroding embedded political economy pressures in the system that served to keep up interest rates. The second major reform is the fiscal responsibility legislation that has been enacted by the Centre, and four state governments so far. Simulated outcomes show that without an improvement in revenue effort, the required fiscal compression of non-interest revenue expenditure is so extreme that it could well result in political turbulence. That could then feed back through the election-year compulsions revealed in the regression analysis to worsening fiscal discipline again. The paper concludes that improved revenue effort is key to fiscal reform in India.Revenue effort ; Election-year profligacy ; Political economy of federations ; Fiscal responsibility legislation