Modeling and investigating electric power output maximization for piezoelectric energy harvester

In this study, energy harvesting using a two-layer piezoelectric sensor in non-linear single-mode mode was investigated, and the optimal performance conditions for power extraction were investigated. Non-linear equations or non-linear electric enthalpy proposal were obtained using Lagrange’s method. In addition, the model was identified with the help of perturbation methods and based on experimental results. The results indicate the presence of second-order damping and third-order stiffness with magnitudes of 2.8 × 106 and −3.9 × 1021. Finally, non-linear energy harvesting was investigated, and the electrical resistance for an optimal electrical power of 185.2 was obtained