New technologies in rhinoplasty : a comprehensive workflow for computer-assisted planning and execution

Rhinoplasty in facial cleft patients is among the most challenging types of reconstructive facial surgery due to its variability Advances in 3-dimensional imaging enable improved preoperative assessment in rhinoplasty. In complex cases with bony support irregularities and asymmetry, it is rational to initiate planning with reconstruction of the aberrant substructure (ie, "bottom-up" planning) rather than starting the surgical design with soft-tissue morphing. We present a new comprehensive workflow in which novel advanced technologies are implemented to perform "bottom-up" computer-assisted planning and execution in complex rhinoplasty cases. This workflow enables meticulous planning, use of grafting templates, and 3-dimensional-guided osteotomies with integration of piezotome and intraoperative navigation. Previous reports separately discuss some of these innovations. However, greater benefit lies in the combination of these techniques, with emphasis on preoperative computer analysis, virtual planning, and transfer to the operation theater. Surgeons are seeking new ways to enhance minimally invasive approaches and to obtain predictable and favorable clinical results. The presently introduced workflow allows clinicians to plan complex cases in a simple, effective, and safe manner, with the combination of different techniques to produce consistent results

Sensorial, chemical and microbiological quality of anchovy cake

In this study, fish cake prepared using raw anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and its products were stored in a locked bag at a cold temperature of 4 ± 1°C. Moisture, ash, fat, protein, salt, pH, TVB-N, number of TBA, TMA-N and histamine values, number of total aerobic microorganisms (at 5 and 30°C temperature of incubation) and yeast-mold were determined in the raw material during the production period. Sensorial, chemical (pH, TVB-N, number of TBA, and TMA-N values) and microbiological changes during cold storage period of the products were carried out every 3 days and with three replications. In this study, the prepared product was appreciated by the panelists that participated in the sensorial analyses. In addition, as the values obtained from sensorial, chemical and microbiological values were evaluated, the shelf-life of the anchovy cake during cold storage (4 ± 1°C) was found to be 6 days.Key words: Anchovy cake, shelf-life, chemical, sensorial, microbiological, Engraulis encrasicolus

Antiviral treatment for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis)

BACKGROUND: Antiviral agents against herpes simplex virus are widely used in the treatment of idiopathic facial paralysis (Bell's palsy), but their effectiveness is uncertain. Significant morbidity can be associated with severe cases. OBJECTIVES: This review addresses the effect of antiviral therapy on Bell's palsy. SEARCH STRATEGY: We updated the search of the Cochrane Neuromuscular Disease Group Trials Register (December 2008), MEDLINE (from January 1966 to December 8 2008), EMBASE (from January 1980 to December 8 2008) and LILACS (from January 1982 to December 2008). SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized trials of antivirals with and without corticosteroids versus control therapies for the treatment of Bell's palsy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Twenty-three papers were selected for consideration. MAIN RESULTS: Seven trials including 1987 participants met the inclusion criteria, adding five studies to the two in the previous review.Incomplete recovery at one year. There was no significant benefit in the rate of incomplete recovery from antivirals compared with placebo (n = 1886, RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.18). In meta-analyses with some unexplained heterogeneity, the outcome with antivirals was significantly worse than with corticosteroids (n = 768, RR 2.82, 95% CI 1.09 to 7.32) and the outcome with antivirals plus corticosteroids was significantly better than with placebo (n = 658, RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.76).Motor synkinesis or crocodile tears at one year. In single trials, there was no significant difference in long term sequelae comparing antivirals and corticosteroids with corticosteroids alone (n = 99, RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.14 to 1.07) or antivirals with corticosteroids (n = 101, RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.51 to 2.07).Adverse events.There was no significant difference in rates of adverse events between antivirals and placebo (n = 1544, RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.38), between antivirals and corticosteroids (n = 667, RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.41) or between the antiviral-corticosteroid combination and placebo (n = 658, RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.66). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: High quality evidence showed no significant benefit from anti-herpes simplex antivirals compared with placebo in producing complete recovery from Bell's palsy. Moderate quality evidence showed that antivirals were significantly less likely than corticosteroids to produce complete recovery.</p

International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

Bedensel Engelli Sporcularda Kognitif Fonksiyonlar ve Görsel Algılamanın Reaksiyon Zamanı ile İlişkisinin İncelenmesi

İNANLI, A. Investigation of the Relationship Between Cognitive Functions and Visual Perception and Reaction Time In Athletes With Physical Disabilities, Hacettepe University Graduade School of Health Sciences, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Program, Master’s Thesis, Ankara, 2019 This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between cognitive functions and visual perception and reaction time in physically disabled athletes. Table tennis, archery and shooting sport of physically disabled sports federation participated in the present study. The athletes consist of 22 people, 6 women and 16 men aged 18 to 65 years. Upper extremity muscle strength, shoulder flexibility, grip strength, fine dexterity, finger grip strength, cognitive functions, visual perception, reaction time, cognitive failures, sleep quality and depression were evaluated in the study. As a result of statistical analysis; right external rotation between table tennis player and archers (p = 0.006), right supination between table tennis player and shooters (p= 0.002), between table tennis player and archers (p = 0.001); There was a significant difference between left supination muscle strength, including table tennis - shooters (p= 0.003). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of cognitive functions, visual perception and reaction time (p> 0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the other parameters evaluated and cognitive functions and visual perception had no effect on reaction time (p> 0.05). There was a moderately positive strong relationship between cognitive functions and visual perception (r=0,525 p= 0.012). There was a positive correlation between cognitive failure and right reaction time (r=0,469, p = 0.028). As a result of the study; It was found that cognitive failure such as forgetfulness, thoughtfulness, slowing down the reaction speed by prolonging the hand reaction time. In order to increase the success in sports, it was seen that physiotherapists, coaches and athletes working in this field should focus on methods of coping with stress and anxiety before the competition.İnanlı, A. Bedensel Engelli Sporcularda Kognitif Fonksiyonlar ve Görsel Algılamanın Reaksiyon Zamanı ile İlişkisinin İncelenmesi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Programı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2019. Bu çalışma bedensel engelli sporcularda kognitif fonksiyonlar ve görsel algılamanın reaksiyon zamanıyla olan ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmaya bedensel engelliler spor federasyonuna bağlı masa tenisi, okçuluk, atıcılık sporunu yapan; yaşları 18-65 yaşları arasında değişen 6 kadın 16 erkek sporcu olmak üzere toplam 22 sporcu katıldı. Çalışmada sporcuların üst ekstremite kas kuvvetleri, omuz esneklikleri, kavrama kuvvetleri, ince el becerileri, parmak kavrama güçleri, kognitif fonksiyonları, görsel algılamaları, reaksiyon zamanları, bilişsel başarısızlık durumları, uyku kaliteleri, depresyon durumları değerlendirildi. İstatiksel analiz sonucunda; masa tenisçi – okçular arasında (p=0,006) sağ eksternal rotasyon, masa tenisçi – atıcılar arasında (p= 0,002) sağ supinasyon, masa tenisçi – okçular arasında (p=0,001); masa tenisçi – atıcılar arasında (p= 0,003) sol supinasyon kas kuvveti arasında anlamlı fark bulundu. Gruplar arasında kognitif fonksiyonlar, görsel algılama ve reaksiyon zamanı açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). Değerlendirilen diğer parametreler bakımından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık ve kognitif fonksiyonlar ile görsel algılamanın reaksiyon zamanına etkisi bulunmadı (p>0,05). Kognitif fonksiyonlar ile görsel algılama arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı orta derecede kuvvetli bir ilişki bulundu (r=0,525, p=0,012). Bilişsel başarısızlık ile sağ reaksiyon zamanı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı orta derecede bir ilişki bulundu (r=0,469, p=0,028). Çalışmanın sonucunda; unutkanlık dalgınlık gibi bilişsel başarısızlığın el reaksiyon zamanını uzatarak reaksiyon hızını yavaşlatmasına sebep olduğu bulunmuştur. Sporda başarıyı arttırmak amacıyla bu alanda çalışan fizyoterapistlerin, antrenörlerin ve sporcuların müsabaka öncesi stres ve kaygı ile başa çıkma yöntemleri üzerine yoğunlaşmalarının önemli olduğu görülmüştür

Actinomycosis of the larynx

Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that involves the upper airway and gastrointestinal tract. Approximately 40-55% of actinomycosis comprises the cervicofacial form. It presents a challenging clinical diagnostic dilemma because of variable presentations in the head and neck. Herein, we report a rare case of actinomycosis presenting as a vocal cord nodule in a healthy 21-year-old man who was not immunocompromised and had no other known medical disease

The use of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) in rhinoplasty

Background: Septal cartilage still is the most appropriate graft material used in rhinoplasty. In traumatic or revision cases, septal cartilage can be insufficient, and the need for an implant material emerges. In this study, the safety and efficacy of polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) used as an implant material in nasal dorsal augmentation were assessed. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 74 patients who underwent nasal dorsal augmentation with Gore-Tex. Of the 74 patients who underwent rhinoplasty with Gore-Tex for dorsal augmentation from February 1999 to January 2006, 46 (62.2%) represented primary cases and 28 (37.8%) represented revision cases. The patients were followed from 5 to 62 months (average, 28 months) and questioned about cosmetic and functional outcomes. The results were assessed according to patients' charts as well as preoperative and postoperative photographic documentation. Results: There were no complications such as infections, foreign body reaction, extrusions, resorption, or migration, and all the patients were satisfied with their results. Only one case of soft tissue reaction was observed, which lasted for 3 weeks postoperatively. Conclusions: Biocompatibility, ease of use, lack of extrusion or resorption, and low rate of infection make Gore-Tex a good alternative to autogenous tissue. However, long-term success and complication rates still are lacking, and large numbers of patients with longer follow-up periods are required

TELEVİZYONDAKİ ÇOCUK PROGRAMLARININ BES-ALTI YAS ÇOCUKLARI İÇİN SÖZEL SİDDET VE ANTİSOSYAL SÖZCÜKLER İÇERME DURUMUNUN İNCELENMESİ

Günümüzde televizyonun, ister olumlu ister olumsuz yönde olsun, toplumu etkileme gücüne ve toplumun zihinsel hayatına hükmeden bir konuma sahip oldugu kabul edilmektedir. Televizyon artık tüm insanlıgın toplumsal hayatını etkileyen, belirleyen en güçlü aygıttır. O nedenle, televizyonun bu etkisini her açıdan ciddi sorgulamalara ve analizlere tabi tutmak gerekmektedir.Televizyonun okul öncesi dönemdeki çocuklar üzerindeki davranıssal, düsünsel ve duygusal etkileri yüksektir. Çünkü bu dönemdeki çocuklar çok çabuk ve kolay etkilenmektedir. Bu arastırma televizyondaki çocuk programlarının 5-6 yas çocukları için; sözel siddet ve anti-sosyal sözcükler içermesi durumunun incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıstır. Arastırmada, düzenlenen anket formu aracılıgıyla Ankara merkez ilçelerinde okul öncesi egitim kademesinde kayıtlı bulunan 5-6 yas çocuk anneleri gözlemlerine dayalı veriler elde edilmistir. Arastırmanın evrenini Ankara İli merkez ilçelerinde izlenen çocuk programlarını izleyen çocukların anneleri olusturmaktadır. Birinci asama evrenini ise Ankara ili merkez ilçelerinde 2006-2007 ögretim yılında okul öncesi kurumlarda kayıtlı bulunan 5-6 yasındaki 40.688 çocugun anneleri olusturmaktadır. Yayın yapan tüm kanallardaki yayında olan çocuk programlarından en çok izlenen 20 program içinden video kaydı yapılabilen 6 tanesi seçilerek örneklem hacmi olarak belirlenmistir. Bu altı programdan dörder gözlem alınmıstır. Arastırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar iki bölüm olarak degerlendirilmis ve sonuçlar asagıdaki gibidir: Arastırmanın birinci asama sonuçları; Lise ve üniversite mezunu annelerin diger egitim düzeyindeki annelere göre daha çok programların içerigini denetleyip, kısıtlama getirdigi görülmüstür. Her egitim düzeyindeki anneye göre çocuklar televizyon programlarından olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Her egitim düzeyindeki anneye göre çocuklar, televizyon programlarındaki siddet içeren sözcüklere maruz kalmaktadır. Her egitim düzeyindeki anneye göre çocuklar, televizyon programlarındaki anti-sosyal sözcüklere maruz kalmaktadır. Her egitim düzeyindeki anneye göre çocuklar, televizyon programlarındaki argo sözcüklere maruz kalmaktadır. Arastırmanın ikinci asamasına ait sonuçlar; Kullanılan sözel siddet içerikli sözcük sayıları açısından kanallar arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmektedir. ATV de kullanılan sözel siddet içerikli sözcük sayısı KANAL D dekine göre anlamlı derecede yüksek görülmektedir. Genel olarak bakıldıgında ATV kanalında en fazla sözel siddet içeren sözcük kullanılırken, KANAL D' de en az sayıda kullanılmaktadır. Kullanılan anti- sosyal içerikli sözcük sayıları açısından kanallar arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmektedir. ATV' de kullanılan anti- sosyal içerikli sözcük sayısı KANAL D 'dekine göre anlamlı derecede yüksek görülmektedir. Genel olarak bakıldıgında ATV kanalında en fazla anti -sosyal içeren sözcük kullanılırken, KANAL D 'de en az sayıda kullanılmaktadır. Kullanılan sözel siddet içerikli sözcük sayıları açısından programlar arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmektedir. Garfield programında daha düsük sayıda sözel siddet içerikli sözcüklerin kullanıldıgı görülmektedir. En yüksek ise Selene programında görülmektedir. Kullanılan anti sosyal içerikli sözcük sayıları açısından programlar arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmektedir. Garfield programında daha düsük sayıda anti-sosyal içerikli sözcüklerin kullanıldıgı görülmektedir. En yüksek ise Selena programında görülmektedir.Today, it is accepted that television, whether positive or not, has a power to effect the society and situation dominating the mental life of society. Now, television is the most powerfull machine effected and determined the social life of humanity. Therefore, this effect of television must be handled from all aspects with serious investigation and analysis. Kinesthetic, mental and emotional effect of television is high on the children in pre-school period. Because, children in this period are effected very fast and easily. Aim of this study is to investigatethat television programmes for 5-6 years old children contain verbal violance and anti-social words. In research by means of questionnaire, data were gathered according to observations of mothers whose 5-6 years children registered in nursery schools of central provinces of Ankara. Research universe is composed of children programmes watched in central provinces of Ankara. Pre-research universe is composed of mothers of 40.688 5-6 years old children registered in central provinces of Ankara in 2006-2007 education year. 6 programmes available for video record was chosen among 20 programmes that were watched most from channels in broadcasting and these programmes were determined for example volume. Results of research is evaluated under two parts and it was seen that: The results of pre-research: It was seen that mothers graduated from high school and university are inspecting the content of programmes and restricted their children more when compared to mothers graduated from other lower education levels. ix According to mothers of all level of education, children expose to words consisting violance in television programmes. According to mothers of all levels of education, children are exposed to anti-social words in television programmes. According to mothers of all level of education children are exposed to slang words in television programmes. The results of second part of the study: In terms of numbers of words including verbal violence, there is considerable difference between television channels. Words including verbal violence are more frequently used in ATV than Kanal D. At a general level, words including verbal violence on ATV are reported to be the highest and Kanal D the lowest. In terms of numbers of words including anti-social words, there is considerable difference between television channels. Anti-social words used on ATV are reported to be considerably higher than the ones on KANAL D. At a general level, anti social words on ATV are reported to be the highest and Kanal D the lowest. In terms of numbers of words including verbal violence, there is considerable difference between television programmes. In the Garfield cartoon, words including verbal violence are reported as lower. The highest numbers of words including verbal violence are seen in the Selena series. In terms of numbers of words including anti-social words, there is considerable difference between television programmes. In the Garfield cartoon, anti social words are reported as lower. The highest numbers of anti social words are seen in the Selena series