Motivation Techniques Used By Heads Of Higher Educational Institutions In Pakistan

The study was aimed to investigate the Motivation techniques used by Heads Higher Educational Institutions in Pakistan. The population of this study comprised all the heads of degree colleges of Pakistan. For choosing the sample from this population, random sampling type was used. The sample constituted of 200 heads of degree colleges and colleges and 1000 teachers of degree colleges. A questionnaire was used as research instruments for collection of data. Collected data were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted in the light of objectives of the study by applying statistical tools of research such as chi-square as a contingency test and percentage were used. Chi-square as contingency test was used to compare the frequencies of principals/teachers. In the light of the conclusions it is recommended that a special training course may be arranged for educational managers, administrators and supervisors for achieving competency in motivation techniques

Reforming The Madrassah System Of Education In Pakistan

The unfortunate attacks of 9/11 forced the government to reform madrassah education programs. The aim of this article is to discuss the reform and its results and points of view, as well as the reaction of the Islamic seminaries toward these madrassah reforms

Resilience And Academic Achievement Of Male And Female Secondary Level Students In Pakistan

Resilience is the ability to succeed despite barriers that make it difficult for the students to succeed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between resilience and academic achievement of secondary level students of Gujranwala, Pakistan. A Resilience scale was used to collect data. The sample consisted of 127 secondary students, including 52 boys and 75 girls. The data revealed that there was no association between resilience and achievement as measured through marks obtained in 10th grade. The boys are more resilient than girls at the secondary level in Pakistan. &nbsp

Role Of The Direct Teaching Method In The Academic Achievement Of Students In English At The Secondary Level

The major objective of this study was to determine the role of the direct teaching method in the academic achievement of students in English at the secondary level. To achieve the said objective, the Solomon Four-Design pre-test/post-test equivalent group design” was considered to be the most useful design for this study. The pre-test was used to measure the achievement and was used only to equate the control and experimental groups. The experimental group was taught by the direct method, while the control group was taught by the traditional method. At the end of the treatment, it was concluded that the direct teaching method was more effective as a teaching-learning technique for English as compared to the traditional teaching method

Perception Of Students Regarding Motivational Techniques Used By The Principals Of Colleges In N. W. F. P.

The main purpose of this study was to find out the concepts of students regarding teachers to make all out efforts for an excellent performance. Following were the main objectives of this study: (a) to examine the views of teachers about the effective and ineffective motivational techniques used by their heads, (b) to identify the students’ opinion about the performance of the teachers resulting from motivational techniques used by the heads, (c) to find out the impact of motivation techniques used by the heads on the performance of teachers

Teacher-Student Verbal Interaction Patterns At The Tertiary Level Of Education

The main objective of the proposed study was to explore Teacher–Student verbal interaction patterns at tertiary level education in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan using Flanders’ Interaction Analysis system.  This study was significant because its findings and conclusions may stimulate teachers to improve their teaching behaviour in order to maximize student learning.  To achieve the above study objectives, three hypotheses were formulated in the light of Flanders “Two-thirds rule” of teacher-student classroom interaction at the tertiary level, namely, about two-thirds of the classroom time is devoted to talking, about two-thirds of this time the person talking is the teacher and two-thirds of the teachers’ talk is “direct” talk. Twenty-five classrooms at the tertiary level were randomly selected as samples for this study.  Twenty-five observations were carried out, one in each classroom, using Flanders Interaction Analysis system to secure the data.  To do this, time sampling was used and each classroom was observed for 810 seconds (13.50 minutes) in a 45-minutes class.  After obtaining and encoding the data, it was tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted by using percentages, means, and standard deviation.  All the hypotheses were supported and it was concluded that, at the tertiary level, more than two-thirds of classroom time was devoted to talking. Thus, talk method dominated in classes. More than two-thirds of the classroom talking time was devoted to teachers talking at the tertiary level with the teachers playing the dominant role.  More than two-thirds of the teachers’ talking time was devoted to direct talk, which showed the direct role of the teacher and indirect role of students at the tertiary level.&nbsp

Teacher-Students Verbal Interaction At The Secondary Level

The main purpose of this study was to explore teacher-student verbal interaction in the secondary level classes using the Flanders Interaction Analysis system (FIA).  Its findings and conclusions may stimulate teachers at the secondary level to improve their teaching behaviour in order to maximize students’ learning

Direct Influence Of English Teachers In The Teaching Learning Process

Teachers play a vital role in the classroom environment. Interaction between teacher and students is an essential part of the teaching/learning process.  An educator, Flanders originally developed an instrument called Flanders Interaction Analysis (FIA).  The FIA system was designed to categorize the types, quantity of verbal interaction and direct and indirect influences of the teachers in the classroom; finally, the information is plotted on a matrix to be analyzed and interpreted.  This system consists of ten categories, namely, accepting feelings, praising or encouraging, using student ideas, asking questions, lecturing, giving directions, criticizing or justifying student responses, student-initiated discussion, and silence/confusion.  FIA became a widely used coding system to analyze and improve teacher-student interaction patterns.  Few studies have been carried out regarding classroom interaction in Pakistan on this vital aspect of the teaching-learning process.  The objectives of the study are to explore the direct influence of the teachers in the college level teaching-learning process in the subject of English: to know about positive and negative reinforcement in the class and to analyze the student participation level in the classes at the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan (using the FIA system).  This study was significant because its findings and conclusions may stimulate English teachers to improve their teaching behaviour in order to maximize student learning.  Fifty college level classrooms were randomly selected as a sample of this study. Fifty observations were carried out, each in one classroom, using Flanders Interaction Analysis system to secure the data.  To do this, time sampling was used and each classroom was observed for 810 seconds (13.50 minutes) of a 45-minutes class.  After obtaining and encoding the data, it was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by using simple method.  1. The ratio between indirect influence and direct influence: The sum of column 1, 2, 3, 4, divided by the sum of columns 5, 6, 7 gives the ratio.  2. The ratio between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement: The sum of column 1, 2, 3 is to be divided be the sum of 6, 7.  3. Student participation ratio: The sum of column 8, 9 is to be divided by total sum. The results showed the direct influence of the teacher at college level in the subject of English. The study revealed that the student’s participation level was very low in the teaching-learning process. The majority of the teachers were direct in their behavior. The ratio showed that the teachers were more direct in their teaching

The Development Of Technical Education In Pakistan

The main objectives of this study were to highlight the present profile of technical education in NWFP, Pakistan, to pinpoint the physical facilities problems of technical education, to highlight the academic problems in technical education, and to recommend strategies for the improvement of technical education in Pakistan

Problems Faced By Physical Handicapped Students In Educational Institutions In District Kohat

The purpose of the study was to explore the problems faced by physical handicapped students in normal educational institutions and to find solutions to the problems faced by physical handicapped students. All the physical handicapped students studying in educational institutions in District Kohat constituted the population of the study. The study was delimited to the physical handicapped students studying in 20 general educational institutions at four levels; i.e., Elementary, Secondary, Higher Secondary and Higher Education.  Forty students, both male and female, were selected from 20 educational institutions using a random sampling technique. A questionnaire was constructed using the problems faced by physically handicapped students. The results of the investigation revealed that the physically handicapped children constitute 2-3 % of the population and the majority of them are lame. They face a lot of problems while studying in normal educational institutions