Impact of Exchange Rate on FDI in Pakistan

The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) with exchange rate. The set of the determinants of FDI can be very large but exchange rate is one of the intense determinants. On the other hand, exchange rates have become extremely volatile due to its weakness to adapt to the changes in domestic and international financial markets. In this study, time series data have been used for foreign direct investment, exchange rate, GDP, imports, exports and inflation from 2003-2013 for Pakistan. After collection of data on above stated variables, several tests (multiple regression, descriptive statistics, and correlation) have been applied for the purpose of analysis in SPSS 20. The results squeezed from the study express that FDI is most probably associated with Rupee depreciation (ER). This research will help the managers, related organizations and future researchers to make or revise the further economic decisions.

Impact of Exchange Rate on FDI in Pakistan

The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) with exchange rate. The set of the determinants of FDI can be very large but exchange rate is one of the intense determinants. On the other hand, exchange rates have become extremely volatile due to its weakness to adapt to the changes in domestic and international financial markets. In this study, time series data have been used for foreign direct investment, exchange rate, GDP, imports, exports and inflation from 2003-2013 for Pakistan. After collection of data on above stated variables, several tests (multiple regression, descriptive statistics, and correlation) have been applied for the purpose of analysis in SPSS 20. The results squeezed from the study express that FDI is most probably associated with Rupee depreciation (ER). This research will help the managers, related organizations and future researchers to make or revise the further economic decisions. Keywords: China insurance industry, Foreign fund, Challeng

Determination of Acrylamide in Branded and Non-branded Potato Chips by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Acrylamide, a starchy food process contaminant is carcinogenic, neurotoxic and genotoxic substance. It is formed at temperatures of 100°C- 220°C. The chips are very popular food items especially among children. Deep Frying of chips may cause production of acrylamide. The presence of acrylamide in chips may result in severe health issues in consumers especially in children. By keeping this aspect in view, the present study was conducted to determine acrylamide in different potato chips of branded and non-branded quality. The highest amount of acrylamide was determined in chips sample K obtained from local store (nonbranded) in Lahore i.e. 2649.80 µg/kg and the lowest concentration of acrylamide was detected in sample taken from local vendor i.e. 390.25 µg/kg. The astounding results were obtained as branded chips have considerable amount of acrylamide. Formation of acrylamide in fried chips is matter of concern as potato chips are widely consumed in Pakistan especially by children. It is dire need to have awareness of this probable carcinogen as consumers and industries still have no knowledge about this chemical’s carcinogenity. Therefore, without delay work should be started to mitigate the acrylamide levels in food commodities during processing