4 research outputs found
A CASE OF BOW HUNTER'S STROKE PRESENTING SYNCOPE AS AN INITIAL SYMPTOM WHILE DRJVING
Bow Hunter's Stroke is a consequence of vertebrobasilar insufficiency as a
result of mechanical occlusion or stenosis of the vertebral artery at the C1-C2 level by
head rotation. It is rarely symptomatic in daily activities. We describe a case of Bow
Hunter's Stroke(BHS) presenting syncope as an initial symptom while driving a car.
A 59-year-old male patient suddenly lost consciousness while driving and his car
dropped into a ravine 20 meters deep. On admission he was conscious, but suffering
Central Cord Syndrome (CCS).
We examined the cause of syncope. At the time of the accident, he turned his head to
the rear in order to back his car and lost consciousness. Magnetic resonance angiography
demonstrated the dominant vertebral artery (VA) in the left and the hypoplastic VA in
the right. Cerebral angiography on turning the head 90 degrees to the right revealed the
left VA occluded at the C1-C2 level. Therefore we diagnosed the patient with BHS. The
vertigo symptom was intractable with conservative treatment, and we therefore
performed C1-C2 posterior fusion. The post-operative course was uneventfu1 and he does
not have the symptoms anymore.
Syncope sometimes induces traffic accidents, but it is rare that BHS is detected on
examination of common trauma. Therefore when vertigo, dizziness, or syncope is found
in common trauma, BHS must be considered as a potential cause
Quantitative analysis of calcium oxalate monohydrate and dihydrate for elucidating the formation mechanism of calcium oxalate kidney stones.
We sought to identify and quantitatively analyze calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones on the order of micrometers, with a focus on the quantitative identification of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and dihydrate (COD). We performed Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and microfocus X-ray computed tomography measurements (microfocus X-ray CT) and compared their results. An extended analysis of the FTIR spectrum focusing on the 780 cm-1 peak made it possible to achieve a reliable analysis of the COM/COD ratio. We succeeded in the quantitative analysis of COM/COD in 50-μm2 areas by applying microscopic FTIR for thin sections of kidney stones, and by applying microfocus X-ray CT system for bulk samples. The analysis results based on the PXRD measurements with micro-sampling, the microscopic FTIR analysis of thin sections, and the microfocus X-ray CT system observation of a bulk kidney stone sample showed roughly consistent results, indicating that all three methods can be used complementarily. This quantitative analysis method evaluates the detailed CaOx composition on the preserved stone surface and provides information on the stone formation processes. This information clarifies where and which crystal phase nucleates, how the crystals grow, and how the transition from the metastable phase to the stable phase proceeds. The phase transition affects the growth rate and hardness of kidney stones and thus provides crucial clues to the kidney stone formation process
Quantitative analysis of calcium oxalate monohydrate and dihydrate for elucidating the formation mechanism of calcium oxalate kidney stones
We sought to identify and quantitatively analyze calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones on the order of micrometers, with a focus on the quantitative identification of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and dihydrate (COD). We performed Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and microfocus X-ray computed tomography measurements (microfocus X-ray CT) and compared their results. An extended analysis of the FTIR spectrum focusing on the 780 cm−1 peak made it possible to achieve a reliable analysis of the COM/COD ratio. We succeeded in the quantitative analysis of COM/COD in 50-μm2 areas by applying microscopic FTIR for thin sections of kidney stones, and by applying microfocus X-ray CT system for bulk samples. The analysis results based on the PXRD measurements with micro-sampling, the microscopic FTIR analysis of thin sections, and the microfocus X-ray CT system observation of a bulk kidney stone sample showed roughly consistent results, indicating that all three methods can be used complementarily. This quantitative analysis method evaluates the detailed CaOx composition on the preserved stone surface and provides information on the stone formation processes. This information clarifies where and which crystal phase nucleates, how the crystals grow, and how the transition from the metastable phase to the stable phase proceeds. The phase transition affects the growth rate and hardness of kidney stones and thus provides crucial clues to the kidney stone formation process