1,458 research outputs found
Sexual freedom and the rise of uncertainty
Die Israelin Eva Illouz, die in Marokko geboren wurde, bewegt sich im
Grenzbereich zwischen Soziologie, Medienwissenschaft und Psychologie.
Unter anderem erforscht sie, wie die Wirtschaft das Privatleben beeinflusst
und was Emotionen im Geschäftsleben bewirken. Ihre Erklärung
für den Erfolg des Bestsellers „Fifty Shades of Grey“ begründet sie damit,
dass die klaren Rollenmuster und verbindlichen Absprachen zwischen
den Protagonisten den Lesern gefallen, wohingegen die Realität
oft
irritierend
anders aussieht. Eva Illouz hat ihre Rede „Sexual Freedom and
the Rise of Uncertainty – Sexuelle Freiheit und die zunehmende
Verunsicherung“
in englischer Sprache gehalten
Follow-up question handling in the IMIX and Ritel systems: A comparative study
One of the basic topics of question answering (QA) dialogue systems is how follow-up questions should be interpreted by a QA system. In this paper, we shall discuss our experience with the IMIX and Ritel systems, for both of which a follow-up question handling scheme has been developed, and corpora have been collected. These two systems are each other's opposites in many respects: IMIX is multimodal, non-factoid, black-box QA, while Ritel is speech, factoid, keyword-based QA. Nevertheless, we will show that they are quite comparable, and that it is fruitful to examine the similarities and differences. We shall look at how the systems are composed, and how real, non-expert, users interact with the systems. We shall also provide comparisons with systems from the literature where possible, and indicate where open issues lie and in what areas existing systems may be improved. We conclude that most systems have a common architecture with a set of common subtasks, in particular detecting follow-up questions and finding referents for them. We characterise these tasks using the typical techniques used for performing them, and data from our corpora. We also identify a special type of follow-up question, the discourse question, which is asked when the user is trying to understand an answer, and propose some basic methods for handling it
Meurtre, souillure et cannibalisme dans une chefferie mélanésienne maré (Iles Loyauté)
Le sang versé n'est pas, chez les gens de Maré, le signe du guerrier tueur d'ennemis. L'homicide fait l'objet d'une technique dont le « maître du mal » [acania] est le spécialiste exclusif : toute mort peut lui être imputée. Par absorption des excréments puis du cadavre putréfié du chef, le maître du mal rend disponible les « os de cadavre » [kaze] de chef qui permettront à quelque autre maître du mal d'assurer l'entreprise des guerriers ou simplement de tuer à distance. Irrémédiablement « souillé » par ses pratiques mortifères, ce promoteur de guerres et pourvoyeur de chair humaine prend place auprès du chef comme sa doublure meurtrière, au détriment du « dernier-né » [eteshet] qui le précéda pour reconduire les cycles de prestations agricoles et favoriser la paix. Ce jeu institutionnel concurrent, qui définit la chefferie de Maré, recouvre celui des alliances matrimoniales dont les énoncés dévoilent l'ambiguïté du lien qui unit le chef à son maître du mal.Among the inhabitants of Maré, bloodshed is not the sign of the warrior. Homicide is subjected to a technique under the exclusive control of the « master of ills" [acania]. Through his absorption of the excrements and then the putrefied corpse of the chief, he makes the « bones of the corpse » [kaze] of the chief available for any other master of ills to use to vouchsafe warrior undertakings or, more simply, to kill from afar. Irreparably « unpure », the master of ills, who promotes warfare and obtains a supply of human flesh, takes place alongside the chief as his murdering double. This is done to the detriment of the « last born » [eteshet] who had precedence for conducting the agricultural cycle and promoting peace. This institutional competition, which underlies the chiefdom, overlaps matrimonial alliances
Nerval conteur (à propos de Contes et facéties)
C’est comme un étonnant conteur que Nerval fut d’abord perçu par ses contemporains, érudit et fantaisiste à la fois, ironique autant que fascinant, capable en outre de changer en fable « mémorable » les révélations du songe ou les épreuves de la folie.Le petit recueil de Contes et facéties, composé en 1852 mais reprenant des textes déjà plusieurs fois publiés auparavant, donne un échantillon de ce talent de conteur, en même temps qu’il décline quelques-unes des valeurs que peut revêtir le conte dans la pensée poétique de Nerval, — quand par exemple il condense les idées esthétiques d’une « camaraderie » romantique (La Main enchantée), quand il procède du canard journalistique tout en donnant libre cours à un certain fantastique ironique (Le Monstre vert), ou quand il imite la manière des contes folkloriques en puisant librement au fonds des légendes conservées dans les campagnes (La Reine des poissons).Deux questions se dégagent alors : — celle de la communauté que refonderait la parole poétique quand Nerval réassume la figure archétypale du conteur, à un moment cependant où l’écrivain se voit rejeté dans une solitude plus grande et où l’expérience qu’il rapporte semble de moins en moins communicable ; — celle aussi de la croyance qu’appelle le conte, qui exemplifie à la fois les pouvoirs et les ambiguïtés de la littérature, quand celle-ci est confrontée à la désymbolisation du langage et au désenchantement du monde.It is as an amazing storyteller that Nerval was perceived at first by his contemporaries, erudite and fanciful at the same time, ironic as much as fascinating, able to change in “memorable” tale the revelations of the dream or the events of the madness.The small collection of Contes et Facéties, formed in 1852 with texts already several times published before, gives a sample of this talent of storyteller, at the same time as it declines some of the values that the tale in the poetic thought of Nerval can take on, — when for example it condenses aesthetic ideas of a romantic “camaraderie” (La Main enchantée), when it proceeds of the journalistic “canard” while giving free rein to a certain ironic fantasy (Le Monstre vert), or when it imitates the way of the folk tales by drawing freely from the fund of the legends preserved in countryside (La Reine de poissons).Two questions appear then: — that of the community that would re-establish the poetic word when Nerval reassumes the archetypal figure of the storyteller, at the moment however where the writer seems himself rejected in a bigger solitude and wherever the experience he brings back seems less and less communicable; — that also of the faith that needs the tale, which exemplifies at the same time the powers and the ambiguities of the literature, when the literature is confronted with the desymbolisation of the language and with the disillusionment of the world
Nerval, a renaissance poet
Em 1830 Nerval publica uma Antologia de poemas de Ronsard (…) que, juntamente com a Antologia de poemas alemães, do mesmo ano, constitui um díptico no qual se apresentam as duas faces de um manifesto por uma poesia popular, nacional – e romântica. A inspiração renascentista se prolonga na própria escrita nervaliana: nas Odelettes, recordação de uma época na qual Nerval “ronsadizava”; nos sonetos das Quimeras [Chimères] nos quais Nerval “solda” o seu verso a partir do verso de Du Bartas; na prosa de Sylvie, narrativa ligada ao Sonho de Polifilo de Francesco Colonna, embora a novela nervaliana nos faça adentrar um universo literário no qual a alegoria renascentista já não pode mais funcionar tão eficazmente.In 1830 Nerval published an Anthology of Poems from Ronsard (...) which, next to his Anthology of German Poems, issued in the same year, form a diptych where the two sides of a manifesto for a popular and national poetry – for a romantic poetry. The Renaissance inspiration also continues in Nerval’s own style of writing, which can be traced in his Odelettes, recollections from a time when Nerval "ronsardisait”; in some of his sonnets from Chimera[Chimères] in which Nerval “welded ” his verses from Du Bartas’; and in the prose style of Sylvie, a narrative strictly connected with Polifilo Dream by Francesco Colonna, although the Nervalian novelette plunges the reader in a literary universe where the Renaissance allegory can no longer work so efficiently
Os Impressionistas e Stéphane Mallarmé
Tradução de Maria de Jesus Cabral & Bruno Anselmi MatangranoAmigo dos pintores impressionistas, Mallarmé deita sobre sua arte um olhar de uma extrema acuidade, que tende a fazer do impressionismo o indício de uma tripla crise, ao mesmo tempo, metafísica, estética e política: metafísica, porque o tratamento que o impressionismo submete a luz vale como uma conversão desta à imanência; estética, porque as lições que Mallarmé retém dos pintores esclarecem sua própria busca poética, quando ele mesmo trabalha para mudar a língua sobre o motivo; política, enfim, porque o impressionismo aparece como a arte dos tempos democráticos, naquilo que reside seu “valor” no julgamento puramente “especulativo” da multidão, que está em suscitar uma consciência sempre mais elevada de seu próprio gênio simbólico.Tradução de Maria de Jesus Cabral & Bruno Anselmi MatangranoAmigo dos pintores impressionistas, Mallarmé deita sobre sua arte um olhar de uma extrema acuidade, que tende a fazer do impressionismo o indício de uma tripla crise, ao mesmo tempo, metafísica, estética e política: metafísica, porque o tratamento que o impressionismo submete a luz vale como uma conversão desta à imanência; estética, porque as lições que Mallarmé retém dos pintores esclarecem sua própria busca poética, quando ele mesmo trabalha para mudar a língua sobre o motivo; política, enfim, porque o impressionismo aparece como a arte dos tempos democráticos, naquilo que reside seu “valor” no julgamento puramente “especulativo” da multidão, que está em suscitar uma consciência sempre mais elevada de seu próprio gênio simbólico.
QALC - the Question-Answering program of the Language and Cognition group at LIMSI-CNRS
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Une "prose de diamant": formes et valeurs de la prose dans "Une saison en enfer"
Dans le portrait de Rimbaud qu’il publie dans Les Hommes d’aujourd’hui, Verlaine désigne Une saison en enfer comme une « espèce de prodigieuse autobiographie psychologique », et il ajoute qu’elle fut « écrite dans cette prose de diamant » en laquelle il voit la « propriété exclusive » de Rimbaud. La phrase de Verlaine a été souvent commentée ; elle nous servira ici de fil rouge pour définir, à la faveur d’une image, non seulement ce qui fait intrinsèquement la poéticité de la prose de Rimbaud, mas encore ce qui fait sa « valeur » dans l’horizon toujours plus ouvert de sa réception et de son historicité
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