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EXTENT OF SINOATRIAL AND ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODAL DEPOSITS IN CARDIAC AMYLOIDOSIS : A CORRELATIVE INVESTIGATION
Objectives. We morphometrically determined the relative area of amyloid
deposition (%D) in sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes in cardiac amyloidosis.
Materials and Methods. We divided 13 hearts with amyloidosis and arrhythmia
(arrhythmia group) and 4 hearts with amyloidosis and no arrhytimia (controls) into
subgroups. The arrhythmia group included 3 patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS), 3
with atrioventricular (AV) block, 9 with bundle branch block, 7 with atrial fibrillation,
and 4 with ventricular arrhytlnnias. Among all 17 cases, 14 represented primary (AL)
amyloidosis and 3 represented secondary (AA) amyloidosis. We selected five microscopic
fields for each case and node for quantitative analysis with an image analyzer to
determine %D.
Results. The %D in both nodes was similar between control and arrhythmia groups.
Only in the AV block subgroup was the %D in the sinoatrial node significantly greater
than controls (p<0.05), although %D in the SSS subgroup showed some tendency to be
greater than in controls. In the atrioventricular node, %D in the AV block subgroup
tended to be greater than in controls. The %D was similar between the two nodes for
groups with ALλ, ALκ, and AA amyloid, while %D tended to be greater in the AL
group than in the AA group.
Conclusion. Although a close relationship was not decisively demonstrated between
arrhytimias and extent of amyloid deposition in sinoatrial or atrioventricular nodes, SSS
might be caused by amyloid deposition in the sinoatrial node and AV block might be
caused by amyloid deposition in the atrioventricular node