Difference in treatment outcome of British and Japanese surgical class III patients associated with mandibular setback

The purpose of this clinical research was to examine the racial differences in skeletal morphology of skeletal Class III abnormalities and in the ortho-surgical treatment outcome of Class III malocclusion associated with mandibular setback sagittal osteotomy between Japanese and British Caucasian female adult Class III patients. The sample consisted of 35 Class III Japanese female surgical subjects in MDU Hospital and 30 Class III British subjects (23 female and 7 male). The operative procedure was solely a backward sliding sagittal split osteotomy with a wire fixation. True skeletal open bite cases associated with high mandibular plane angle were excluded. The original skeletal differences in Japanese and British Caucasian Class III subjects showed a significant difference in the length of the anterior cranial base (S-N) (p<0.001). The Japanese Class III subjects showed a significant difference in the parameters of U 1-UR and L 1-LR to palatal plane and Go-Me to palatal plane (p<0.001), and in the axis of maxillary incisor to S-N (p<0.01) and S-N-L 1 (p<0.05). At post-retention (1 year after op.), Go-Me to ANS-PNS and the length of Go to the palatal plane and Ar-Go (ramus height) related to the vertical position of point Go showed a larger difference (from p<0.05, 0.01 to 0.001). The Japanese surgical cases showed a more vertical problem with the increased mandibular plane angle compared to the British Caucasians

Replication study of the association of SNPs in the LHX3-QSOX2 and IGF1 loci with adult height in the Japanese population; wide-ranging comparison of each SNP genotype distribution

Adult height is a highly heritable trait involving multiple genes. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified that SNP rs12338076 in the LHX3-QSOX2 locus, and rs1457595 and rs17032362 in the IGF1 locus are associated with human height in the Japanese population (Okada et al. (2010)[9]). We performed a replication study to examine the associations between these three SNPs and adult height in the Japanese population based on autopsy cases. However, it was not possible to confirm that all these SNPs influenced adult height in the study population. We first conducted a wide-ranging survey of these three SNPs in the above genes using nine different populations including Asians, Africans and Caucasians, and demonstrated that the genotypes of rs12338076 and rs17032362 were distributed in an ethnicity-dependent manner; even within Asian populations, the genotype distributions of the SNPs differed widely. Although there are differences in height distribution between different populations, possibly due to genetic factors and/or gene-environmental interactions, the contradictory results of the association study and ethnic differences in genotype distribution allow us to assume that these height-related SNPs in the genes may contribute to adult height to a slight extent, at least in the Japanese population. It is anticipated that the present information will be useful for developing a reliable tool for personal identification through elucidation of the genetic basis of human height