Examining the Mediating Role of the Fear of COVID-19 in the Relationship Between Anxiety and Burnout Levels Among Teachers in Turkey

The COVID-19 pandemic stands as one of the most significant challenges confronting education and training systems worldwide. Since the early stages of the pandemic, teachers have experienced elevated levels of stress accompanied by symptoms of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances, particularly due to the demands of distance learning. Although there are studies on this subject, more evidence is needed to explore the role of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish teachers’ anxiety and burnout. Consequently, the present study aimed to examine the mediating role of the fear of COVID-19 in the relationship between the anxiety experienced by teachers and the level of burnout in studies conducted on teachers during the pandemic process. A total of 262 (57.8% female) teachers from Turkey completed a questionnaire comprising psychometric instruments of the aforementioned variables. The path analysis indicated that fear of COVID-19 mediated the association between anxiety and personal success sub-dimension of burnout, but not emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The findings of the present study indicate that anxious feelings may exacerbate burnout among teachers in Turkey and that the fear of COVID-19 may play a role on that aforementioned relationship. Consequently, health professionals and clinicians that aim to develop intervention and treatment strategies for Turkish teachers’ anxiety and burnout levels should take the fear of COVID-19 into consideration. Keywords: Anxiety, Burn Out, Fear Of COVID-19, Pandemic, Teachers DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/14-3-07 Publication date: April 30th 202

Screening Triticum aestivum L. genotypes for drought stress tolerance under arid land conditions

Screening of drought tolerant genotypes for arid land cultivation is the best approach to avoid yield losses as breeding and selection are time taking techniques. Current experiment was planned to evaluate late sown wheat cultivars potential for drought tolerance and adaptability in Jeddah region, KSA. Four wheat cultivars (Yocoro, Rojo, Faisalabad-2008, F-10 and L-7096) were tested against drought stress applied as (75% and 50%) of total crop water requirement. A 100% water requirement was also applied as control. Data regarding crop growth stages, growth, grain yield and yield contributors were tested by using MSTAT-C. Drought stress significantly decreased all growth and yield traits except harvest index and the effect of water stress was the most severe where 50% of the total water requirement was applied. Both studied crop growth stages (days to complete tillering and days to complete 50% heading) were also affected to applied water stress and effect was more pronounced for days to complete 50% heading. Studied cultivars responded variably for different growth and yield traits. Cultivar Yoco Rojo took minimum days to complete tillering and heading while L-7096 presented the highest plant height and dry biomass accumulation. Faisalabad-2008 reported maximum values for grain yield and yield contributors except spike length that was maximum in Yocoro Rojo. Based on the field evaluation, it’s concluded that Faisalabad-2008 produced significant results for growth and yield traits among studied cultivars and can be successfully grown in arid land conditions under limited water supplies.Â

Dural Tear, a Feared Complication of Spine Surgery

OBJECTIVES To investigate the incidence, risk factors and clinical presentation of complications in patients undergoing spinal surgery with and without Dural Tear. METHODOLOGY A one-year prospective case-control study was conducted in the department of orthopaedics and spinal surgery at the Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) and Rahman Medical and surgical centre Dagger Buner. The spine surgeon used a discrete surgical approach. The questionnaire was used to collect patient demographic data, surgical information, and data on perioperative and postoperative complications. SPSS version 21.0 statistical software was used for all statistical analyses. RESULTS Dural tears were observed in 3.4% of the patients, among whom 20% experienced a Dural leak. After controlling for potentially confounding variables of age, sex, primary disease, and type of procedure, the surgery-related complications that were more likely to occur in the Dural Tear group than in the non-TD group were surgical site complications OR 2.69 and postoperative neurological defect O 3.28. The proportion of postoperative delirium OR 3.22 was significantly high in the Dural Tear group as perioperative complications CONCLUSION A higher proportion of surgical site infections, postoperative neurological defects and delirium in the Dural Tear group are due to direct complications, such as Dural leakage

Rice Crop Responses to Global Warming: An Overview

The mean temperature might rise up to range of 2.0–4.5 °C worldwide by the end of this century. Beside from this, a prediction has been made that rise in minimum night temperature will be at a quicker rate as compare to the maximum day temperature. Rising temperatures not only affect the crop growth process, but also lead to direct changes in other environmental factors and pose indirect effect on yield and quality of rice has been observed, so at the present stage, it aroused public attention. Breeds, including through breeding and biotechnology to improve high temperature tolerance of rice help to mitigate the negative effects of high temperature, however, progress in this area have been slow. By adopting different methods like sowing, water and nutrient management can also to some extent mitigate the effects of high temperature on rice performance, but in most cases, these techniques are influenced by many factors, such as crop rotation, irrigation and other constraints like their applications are hard to applied to large area. Therefore, this chapter addresses (1) empirical reduction of rice yield (2) highlights the key significant mechanisms that influence main grain quality attributes under high temperature stress (3) inducing stress resistance and adopting mitigation strategies for high performance of rice

Serum Adenosine Deaminase Activity in Domestic Animals: Reference Values

This study was aimed to determine normal serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in domestic animals in both sexes and that were considered healthy on the basis of clinical and laboratory examinations. In this study, 262 non-pregnant animals of both sexes, belonging to 5 species [cattle (n = 50), sheep (n = 65), goat (n = 52), dog (n = 55), and cat (n = 40)] were used. Serum total ADA and ADA1 isoenzyme activities were found to be 6.34 +/- 0.31 IU/l and 6.34 +/- 0.31 IU/l in cattle, 7.57 +/- 0.30 IU/l and 7.31 +/- 0.47 IU/l in sheep, 7.52 +/- 0.36 IU/l and 6.44 +/- 0.72 IU/l in goat, 2.56 +/- 0.13 IU/l and 2.03 +/- 0.30 IU/l in dogs, 23.36 +/- 1.59 IU/l and 21.71 +/- 2.13 IU/l in cats, respectively. The serum levels of ADA2 were low in sheep, goats, dogs, and cats, whereas in these species ADA1 was high. Furthermore, there was no serum ADA2 activity in cattle. Additionally, there were no significant differences between genders in ADA activities in all species. As a result, determination of serum normal ADA and its isoenzyme activities in domestic animals will be useful for scientists who want to investigate ADA activity in future in different diseases

Determination of adenosine deaminase activity in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata

The purpose of this study was to determine serum ADA activity in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata. In this study, a total of 37 cross-bred cattle which 27 of it showing clinical signs of theileriosis constituted infected group and 10 healthy cattle as control group were used as animal materials. Infected group divided into three groups according to their PCV values. Cattle with PCV >= 25 were put on group I (n=9), those with PCV 13-24 were put on group II (n=11) and those with PCV >= 12 were put on group III (n=7). Microscopical diagnosis of the disease was also made. Hematological parameters, serum enzyme activities (ADA, AST, ALT and ALP) were determined in all cattle. Hematological results revealed that significant progressive decreases in HGB, PLT, PBML counts and ratios from group I onwards to group III, whereas the WBC, PBPL counts and ratios showed an increase from group I onwards to group III. The serum ADA, AST, ALT and ALP activity increased significantly in all infected groups compared to control group. However, these parameters were also observed to decrease progressively from group I to group III. Furthermore, the highest increase in enzyme activities observed in the infected group I. But, these enzyme's activities started to decrease in infected group II and III in parallel with PBML and PLT counts. Eventhough, this decrease did not reach to the values obtained from control group. On the contrary, PBPL counts and ratios increased in infected group II and III in contrast to decrease in PCV. As a result, increased serum ADA activity in tropical theileriosis may reflect the involvement of the cellular immune responses

Dermatitis solaris and its treatment in van cats

Dermatitis solaris is a skin disease of light coloured cats and dogs seen in summer season. The disease occurs especially on the unpigmented areas such as tip of the ears, nose, body and extremities as a result of phototoxic reactions when subjected to ultraviolet lights. The disease has been reported to come into view as chronic dermatitis in cats having white ear and blue eyes. (Haziroglu and Milli, 1998). The pathogenesis of feline dermatitis is thought to occur as a result of free radicals released after phototoxic reactions (Soter, 1990)

Rapid etiological diagnosis of neonatal calf diarrhoea with immunochromatographic test kits

Bu çalışmada, ishalin en önemli etiyolojik etkenlerinin hızlı bir immunokromotografik metodla teşhisi amaçlandı. Çalışmada, 51 ishalli buzağı kullanıldı. İshalli buzağılardan rektal uyarımla steril dışkı kaplarına dışkı örnekleri alındı ve immunokromotografik hızlı diagnostik test kitleri ile enteropatojen teşhisi yapıldı. Ayrıca parazitolojik muayeneleri yapıldı ve etiyolojik teşhis sonuçlarına göre tedavi uygulandı. Buzağıların %64.7’sinde bir veya daha fazla enteropatojen tespit edildi. Tek veya miks olarak en çok E. coli K99 (%27.45) ve rotavirus (%27.45) saptandı. Coronavirus sadece bir buzağıda (%1.96) belirlendi. Buzağıların %7.84’inde miks etiyoloji (%3.92 E.coli K99 Rotavirus, %1.96 E.coli K99 E.coli CSA31A, %1.96 Rotavirus Cryptosporidium) tespit edildi. İshalli buzağıların % 11.76’sında ise sadece paraziter enteropatojenler (Eimeria %5.88, Criptosporidium %3.92, Ascarid %1.96) belirlendi. Sonuç olarak; buzağı ishallerindeki en önemli etiyolojik faktörlerin belirlenmesinde hızlı immunokromotografik test kitlerinin rahatlıkla kullanılabileceği, belirlenen enteropatojenlere karşı gerekli proflaktik ve yönetimsel önlemlerin acilen alınması gerektiği kanısına varıldı.In the present study, the most important etiologic agents of diarrhoea were diagnosed using an immunochromatografic method. In this study, 51 calves with diarrhoea were used as material. Fecal samples were obtained from the calves with diarrhoea using rectal stimuli and etiological diagnosis was made using a quick immunochromatografic test kit. Furthermore, parasitological examination of the feces was made then treatment was applied according to diagnosis. One or more than one enteropathogen was diagnosed in 64.7% calves. The most common culprit were E. coli K99 (27.45%) and rotavirus (27.45%) infection(s) as alone or mix. Coronavirus determined only in one calf (1.96%). Mix etiology (3.92% E.coli K99 Rotavirus, 1.96% E.coli K99 E.coli CSA 31A, 1.96% Rotavirus Cryptosporidium) was determined at 7.84%. In diarrhoeic calves, 11.76% of them had only parasiter enteropathogens (Eimeria 5.88%, Cryptosporidium 3.92%, Ascarid 1.96%). As a result; quick immunochromatografic test kits can be used to determine enteropathogens causing calf diarrhoea. Prophylactic and administrative precautions have to be taken against determined enteropathogens