Job Accessibility and the Employment and School Enrollment of Teenagers

Ihlanfeldt presents data that strongly support the spatial mismatch hypothesis for the high unemployment rate of disadvantaged teens. This theory, which the author thoroughly outlines in this work, asserts that the suburbanization of low-skill jobs and continued housing market segregation have reduced the job opportunities of inner-city dwelling minorities. This book extends Ihlanfeldt\u27s earlier work on spatial mismatch by incorporating school enrollment decisions and other urban factors into his analysis. Thus, he also demonstrates empirically that job access is related to the high school dropout problem and concludes that poor access to jobs is useful in explaining the relatively low economic welfare of urban blacks.https://research.upjohn.org/up_press/1088/thumbnail.jp

Spatial factors and the employment of blacks at the firm level

Minorities - Employment ; Income distribution

Does Space Matter to the Employment of TANF Recipients? Evidence from a Dynamic Discrete Choice Model with Unobserved Effects

We study the factors affecting the employment probability of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients using recent quarterly panel data from Atlanta, Georgia. A central focus of our study is to determine whether the TANF recipient’s proximity to job opportunity and the availability of childcare affect her probability of full-time employment. Both static and dynamic models of employment choice are estimated that control for unobserved individual effects. We estimate models separately for a sub-sample of TANF recipients living in public housing, whose residential locations can be considered exogenously determined. We find substantial evidence that individual and family characteristics (such as, the education of the recipient and the number of children and adults in her family) are important determinants of the employment probability of welfare recipients. On the other hand, spacerelated variables are found to be relatively unimportant

Intraurban Wage Gradients: Evidence by Race, Occupational Class, and Sector

Abstract not available

Spatial Mismatch and the Commutes, Employment, and Wages of Young Puerto Ricans Living in New York

Abstract not available

The Importance of the Central City to the Regional and National Economy: A Review of the Arguments and Empirical Evidence

Abstract not available

Housing Segregation and the Wages and Commutes of Urban Blacks: The Case of Atlanta Fast-Food Restaurant Workers

Abstract not available

The Spatial Distribution of Black Employment Between the Central City and the Suburbs

Abstract not available

The Revelation of Neighborhood Preferences: An N-Chotomous Multivariate Probit Approach

The goals of federal housing policy are to provide every American family with a decent home in a suitable neighborhood. While substantial progress has been made toward stisfying the goal of a decent home, survey evidence indicates that many Americans, especially those living in central cities, are highly dissatisfied with their neighborhoods. While policymakers are fully aware that too many people have a low opinion of the overall quality of their neighborhood, there is little reliable evidence available on what neighborhood attributes matter most to people and how neighborhood preferences vary among different types of households. As a result, policymakers have little idea how best to allocate scarce public resources to achieve the greatest possible improvement in neighborhood quality. This paper implements a new methodology with new data in order to reveal the neighborhood preferences of households categorized by race, income level, location, and type of housing occupied. The methodology involes interpreting the ranking that households assign to the overall quality of their neighborhoods on a ten-point scale as an ordinal utility index. This index enables us to observe directly the relationship between neighborhood variables and individuals' utility. To handle the ordinal nature of the dependent variable, N-chotomous multivariate probit is used as the estimating technique. The results suggest that while many neighborhood variables affect the utility of all households similarly, there are differences in preferences among groups, especially between black and white households