Organization and Information in the Fight against Crime: An Evaluation of the Integration of Police Forces in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

This paper explores the experience of information sharing, coordination, and integration of actions of the Civil and Military Polices in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the context of the IGESP program. The IGESP is based on the introduction of information management systems and organizational changes akin to those associated with COMPSTAT. All the evidence presented points to a causal effect of the IGESP on crime. The most conservative estimates indicate a reduction of 24% in property crimes and 13% in personal crimes. There is also evidence that the IGESP is associated with improved police response, measured by apprehension of weapons and clearance rates. We present one of the first set of causal estimates – with a clear identification strategy – of the impact of COMPSTAT-like programs. The results suggest that the coordination and informational gains represented by the program may constitute a first-order factor in a successful policy for fighting crime.crime, police, Brazil, COMPSTAT, impact evaluation

Organization and Information in the Fight against Crime: An Evaluation of the Integration of Police Forces in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

This paper explores the experience of information sharing, coordination, and integration of actions of the Civil and Military Polices in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the context of the IGESP program. The IGESP is based on the introduction of information management systems and organizational changes akin to those associated with COMPSTAT. All the evidence presented points to a causal effect of the IGESP on crime. The most conservative estimates indicate a reduction of 24% in property crimes and 13% in personal crimes. There is also evidence that the IGESP is associated with improved police response, measured by apprehension of weapons and clearance rates. We present one of the first set of causal estimates – with a clear identification strategy – of the impact of COMPSTAT-like programs. The results suggest that the coordination and informational gains represented by the program may constitute a first-order factor in a successful policy for fighting crime.crime, police, Brazil, COMPSTAT, impact evaluation JEL Codes: H11, K00, K42

Organization and information in the fight against crime: An evaluation of the integration of police forces in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

This paper explores the experience of information sharing, coordination, and integration of actions of the Civil and Military Polices in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the context of the IGESP program. The IGESP is based on the introduction of information management systems and organizational changes akin to those associated with COMPSTAT. All the evidence presented points to a causal effect of the IGESP on crime. The most conservative estimates indicate a reduction of 24% in property crimes and 13% in personal crimes. There is also evidence that the IGESP is associated with improved police response, measured by apprehension of weapons and clearance rates. We present one of the first set of causal estimates - with a clear identification strategy - of the impact of COMPSTAT-like programs. The results suggest that the coordination and informational gains represented by the program may constitute a first-order factor in a successful policy for fighting crime

Organization and information in the fight against crime: the integration of police forces in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

This paper analyzes the experience of information sharing, coordination, and integration of actions of the civil and military police forces in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the context of the IGESP program. The IGESP was based on the introduction of information management systems and organizational changes akin to those associated with the CompStat system originally developed in New York City. The evidence points to a causal effect of the IGESP on crime. The most conservative estimates indicate a reduction of 23 percent in violent property crimes due to the introduction of the program. There is also evidence that the IGESP is associated with improved police response, measured by apprehension of weapons and clearance rates. We present one of the few estimates available with a clear identification strategy of the impact of CompStat-like programs. The results suggest that coordination of actions and efficient use of information may constitute first-order factors in the fight against crime

Assessment of multiple threats to conservation and diversity of amphibians

Orientador: Luís Felipe de Toledo Ramos PereiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de BiologiaResumo: As mudanças climáticas possuem potencial para alterar o funcionamento dos ecossistemas através da extinção de espécies e das conexões entre a biota e o ambiente, alterando os padrões aos quais estamos acostumados e exigindo adaptação. As alterações climáticas terão como uma de suas consequências a elevação oceânica, que pode redesenhar as costas de todos os continentes terrestres e afetar a biota associada. Nesse contexto, sobressaem-se os anfíbios como um grupo sensível que sofre diversas pressões e apresenta declínios populacionais, se destacando como vertebrados mais ameaçados da atualidade, com diversas espécies pouco conhecidas. Sendo assim, nesse trabalho analisamos múltiplos efeitos que dificultam a conservação dos anfíbios. Avaliamos os potenciais efeitos das mudanças climáticas e da elevação oceânica sobre os anfíbios com distribuição costeira. Também desenvolvemos um índice para classificar espécies com dados insuficientes com a finalidade de oferecer uma alternativa para a busca de informações para esses taxa e mudar sua classificação atual. Por fim, analisamos a disponibilidade histórica de clima adequado para uma linhagem endêmica do fungo quitrídio em busca de padrões que pudessem explicar sua distribuição e raridade atuais. Utilizamos ferramentas como modelos de distribuição de espécies e sistema de informação geográfica em busca de respostas às nossas questões. Nossos resultados corroboram as mudanças climáticas como um fenômeno com potencial devastador e alertam para potenciais perigos da elevação oceânica. Além disso, nosso índice para espécies deficientes em dados pode auxiliar a direcionar esforços em busca de novas informações. Por fim, nossas análises com relação ao fungo quitrídio corroboram a hipótese de endemismo para a linhagem Bd-Brazil e também evidenciam hábitat adequado passado para o Bd-GPL. Além disso, verificamos baixa sobreposição de nicho climático entre essas duas linhagens, indicando possibilidade de competição. Assim, esperamos que nossos resultados tenham contribuído para o conhecimento de múltiplas ameaças à conservação dos anfíbios e sirvam para direcionar futuros estudosAbstract: Climate change has the potential to change ecosystem functioning through species extinction and disrupting connection between biota and environment, thus changing natural patterns and requiring adaptation. One certain consequence of climate change is the sea level rise, which is expected to redraw coastal shorelines worldwide and broadly affect coastal-associated biota. In this context, amphibians represent a sensitive group under several current pressures, exhibiting population decline, highlighted as the most current threaten vertebrates on Earth, and also, with several "data deficient" species. Thus, herein we analyzed multiple effects that hamper amphibian conservation. We evaluated potential climate change effects and sea level rise on amphibians with coastal distribution. Also, we developed an index to classify data deficient species in order to offer an alternative further research of such species to gather sufficient information to change their current status. Finally, we analyzed historical availability of suitable habitat for and endemic lineage of the chytrid fungus searching for patterns that explain its current distribution and rarity. We used tools as species distribution models and geographic information system to answer our questions. Our results corroborate climate change as a potentially devastating phenomena and we stress potential threatens derived from sea level rise. Moreover, the index we developed for data deficient species seems to work properly and may drive further effort in searching for further information for those species. Finally, our analyzes related to the chytrid fungus supported the hypothesis of endemism of Bd-Brazil, and also showed past environmental suitability for Bd-GPL. In addition, we verified low environmental niche overlap these two lineages, indicating possibility of competition. Thus, we expect our results may improve current knowledge about multiple threats to amphibian conservation, as well as, they may be used to guide further researchDoutoradoEcologiaDoutor em Ecologi

Processo de criação: um incentivo à apreciação artística-teatral

Orientadores: Luciana Ferreira e Everton RibeiroMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Graduação em Serviço Socia

Viticulture under climate change: a case study on a water scarcity model

Changes in climatic patterns hinder the prediction of water availability, being imperative to develop new strategies to optimise water management in the agricultural sector. A multi-sensor network is being developed by ADVID/CoLAB VINES&WINES and University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), aiming to determine water stress in vineyards, as a Decision Support System (DSS) for winegrowers. Remote wireless data transmission through LoRaWAN technology, will allow the development of a Machine Learning based model for water stress mapping. Measured parameters include soil, plant, and atmosphere data, given the importance of soil-plant-atmosphere continnum when evaluating water status. The pilot is installed in a commercial vineyard in the Douro Demarcated Region (DDR), and different sensor's modules were distributed spatially in the parcel. Lower cost and higher range than WiFi or Bluetooth, LoRaWAN are especially important for applications in remote areas, where mobile networks have little coverage, allowing to benefit a larger number of producers. While overcoming the constraints of the current monitoring method (Scholander pressure bomb), this system will allow remote and continuous water monitoring, assisting the producer in decision making. Altogether, this solution will contribute to better management of water resources, as well to the sustainability and competitiveness of farms.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Análise de domínio sob a luz do conceito de agenciamento de Gilles Deleuze

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação, Florianópolis, 2015.Diante adissensão sobre a Análise de Domínio, pretende-se analisar a proposta de Hjørland sob a óptica da Filosofia pós-moderna de Deleuze. Tem-se como objetivo geral deste trabalho a revisão do conceito de Análise de Domínio de Hjørland em uma perspectiva filosófica deleuziana. Os objetivos específicos são:a) identificar e caracterizar as propriedades que sustentam o conceito de Análise de Domínio; b) levantar na Filosofia de Deleuze um conceito que norteie a análise sobre a teoria de Hjørland; c) interpretar o conceito de Análise de Domínio de Hjørland com base no conceito deleuziano. Com a Análise de Conteúdo, dividiu-se o trabalho em três etapas: levantamento e leitura dos artigos de autoria de Hjørland encontradosnas bases Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA) e Web of Science e Scopus (WoS) e no periódico Advances in Knowledge Organization (AKO), a fim de estabelecer índices de análise, definidos como comunidade discursiva, domínio e linguagem. Verificou-se que os três índices fundamentam a Análise de Domínio, pois as concepções compreendem os aspectos sociais que implicam o uso da informação. Além disso, identificou-se que os três índices não estabelecem relações hierárquicas rígidas nos textos de Hjørland, mas relações maleáveis. Com base na obraMil Platôs de Deleuze e Guattari, elegeu-se o conceito de agenciamento por compatibilizar com os índices anteriores. O conceito de agenciamento diz respeito ao funcionamento dos processos de atualização, operados por máquinas abstratas e constituído por duas duplas de elementos, a dinâmica conteúdo e expressão, além dos movimentos de territorialização e desterritorialização. Num segundo momento, realizou-se um cruzamento entre os índices e os componentes do conceito deleuziano, consolidando diretrizes para o estudo de domínios. Por fim, na última etapa, os resultados foram discutidos em relação ao referencial teórico Ainda, propos-se o conceito filosófico de Indomável, indicando à impossibilidade da fidelidade das representações. Os resultados apontam que só a análise sobre a linguagem não basta aos estudos de domínio, que exige a compreensão do meio composto por subjetividades e instituições.Concluiu-se que a Análise de Domínio se alinha à pós-modernidade e que as Filosofias dessa vertente podem contribuir com o avanço teórico e metodológico da área.Abstract : On the dissension on Domain Analysis, it intends to analyze the proposed Hjørland from the perspective of postmodern philosophy of Deleuze. It has the general objective of this work to review the Hjørland?sconcept of Domain Analysis in a Deleuzian philosophical perspective.The specific objectives are: a) identify and characterize the properties that support the concept of Domain Analysis; b) find in Deleuze's philosophy a concept that guides the analysis of the theory Hjørland; c) interpret the Hjørland's concept of Domain Analysis based on the Deleuzian concept. With content analysis, work was divided in three stages: survey and readingthe Hjørland authored articles found the Library and Information Science Abstracts databases (LISA) and Web of Science and Scopus (WoS) and in the journal Advances in Knowledge Organization (AKO), in order to establish analytical indices defined as a discursive community, domain and language. It was found that the three indices underlie Domain Analysis, for the concepts that comprise the social aspects involve the use of information. In addition, it was identified that the three indices do not establish rigid hierarchical relationships in Hjørland's texts, but malleable relations. Based on the work A Thousand Plateaus of Deleuze and Guattari, was elected the concept of assemblage by compatible with previous rates. The concept of assemblage refers to the operation of the update process, operated by abstract machines and consisting of two pairs of elements, the dynamic content and expression, in addition to the movements of territorialisation and desterritorialization. Secondly, there was a cross between the indices and components of the Deleuzian concept, consolidating guidelines for the study domains. Finally, in the last step, the results were discussed in relation to the theoretical framework. Still, it proposed the philosophical concept of Indomitable, indicating the impossibility of fidelity representations. The results show that only the analysis of the language is not enough to study of domain, which requires an understanding of the environment composed of subjectivities and institutions.It is concluded that the Domain Analysis aligns with post-modernity and the philosophies of this mainstream can contribute to the theoretical and methodological advance of the area

Usina hidrelétrica a fio d’água ou reservatório? : subsídios à tomada de decisão por meio de análise custo-efetividade

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Departamento de Economia, 2017.A principal fonte de geração de energia no Brasil é a hidrelétrica. Entretanto, há lacuna de informação quanto à eficiência da decisão pela implantação de determinados projetos hidrelétricos. Desta forma, este trabalho avalia, utilizando a análise custo-efetividade, se a decisão pela implantação de usinas hidrelétricas com menor capacidade de geração de energia é eficiente sob o ponto de vista econômico, incluindo nesta análise os impactos sociais e ambientais destes empreendimentos. São avaliados também os custos de geração de energia complementar à hidrelétrica por meio de outro tipo de fonte de geração de energia, as termelétricas. Os projetos analisados na dissertação foram a UHE Capanema e a UHE Baixo Iguaçu. A primeira hidrelétrica previa energia firme de 466 MWmédios, contra 172,8 MWmédios da segunda. Assim, foi estimada uma geração de energia complementar à UHE Baixo Iguaçu de 293,2 MWmédios por meio de uma termelétrica a gás de ciclo combinado, de forma a comparar as duas alternativas. Os custos avaliados foram os financeiros – construção, operação, manutenção, realocação da população e o Plano Básico Ambiental do licenciamento – e os custos ambientais – perda de Mata Atlântica, sequestro de carbono e emissão de CO2. Os resultados demonstraram que a UHE Capanema é mais custo-efetiva, com um índice custo-efetividade de 32,99 R$/MWh, se comparada à geração pela UHE Baixo Iguaçu associada à termelétrica, com índice de 52,28 R$/MWh. Desta forma, recomenda-se que a decisão pela implantação de projetos de geração de energia considere mecanismos para a inclusão dos custos sociais e ambientais, não abordando somente os custos financeiros nas avaliações. Além disso, sugere-se que sejam incorporadas ferramentas econômicas na análise das escolhas públicas quanto ao tipo de fonte de geração para a matriz brasileira, de forma a disponibilizar a melhor informação possível para que a decisão traga uma melhor alocação de recursos.The main source of energy generation in Brazil is the hydroelectric power. However, there is a lack of information regarding the effectiveness of the decision for the implementation of hydroelectric power station projects. This work evaluates, using the cost-effectiveness analysis, whether the decision for the implementation of hydroelectric plants with less power generation capacity is economically efficient, including in the analysis the social and environmental impacts of these projects. It also evaluates the costs of generating complementary energy through another type of power generation source, the thermoelectric. The projects analyzed were the hydroelectric power stations of Capanema and Baixo Iguaçu. The first hydroelectric had assured energy of 466 MW, compared to 172.8 MW of the second. Thus, a complementary to Baixo Iguaçu, was estimated an assured energy of 293.2 MW by a combined-cycle gas thermoelectric plant, to compare the two alternatives. The costs evaluated were financial - construction, operation, maintenance, reallocation of population and environmental licensing programs - and environmental costs - loss of the Atlantic Forest, carbon sequestration and CO2 emission. The results showed that the Capanema dam is more cost-effective, with a cost-effectiveness index of 32.99 R$/MWh, compared to the generation by the Baixo Iguaçu plant associated to the thermoelectric plant, with an index of 52.28 R$/MWh. Therefore, it is recommended that the decision for the implementation of energy generation projects consider mechanisms for the inclusion of social and environmental costs, not only addressing the financial costs in evaluations. In addition, it is suggested that economic tools be included in the analysis of public choices regarding the type of generation source for the Brazilian matrix, to provide the best possible information for the decision to bring a better allocation of resources