Influence of Perceived Organizational Support and Self-Efficacy on Burnout

This research investigates the influence of perceived organizational support and self-efficacy on burnout.  A total number of 209 Nurses responded to the questionnaires. The participants were all nurses in Federal Medical Centre Umuahia who willingly choose to participate in the study. These participants were made up of 207 female and 2 male nurses from the hospital. 152 are married while 57 are unmarried. Their ages ranged from 20 years to 52 years. 20-30 years (23.45%), 31-41 years (30.62%) and 42-52 years (45.93%). The mean age and standard deviation of the participants are (M=38.47, SD = 8.62). Three instruments were used in the research for data collection. 1) Perceived organizational support (POS) scale developed by Eisenberger, Huntington, Hutchison and Sowa (1986). 2) General self-efficacy scale developed by Jerusalem and Schwartz (1989). 3) Maslach burnout inventory by Maslach and Jackson (1986). A cross-sectional survey design was employed in the study and a two-way analysis of variance was used to test the hypotheses. Results show that Nurses with low organizational support experience high level of burnout than those with high organizational support. In other words, perceived organizational support significantly influence burnout among Nurses, while self-efficacy does not significantly influence burnout among Nurses. There is a slight difference in burnout between Nurses with low self-efficacy and those with high self-efficacy. Having realized that organizational support is a strong factor of influence on burnout among Nurses, it is imperative that organizational support is highly encouraged within the health profession and other organizations or sectors in the country. Keywords: Organizational Support, Self-efficacy, Burnout

Expanded-multidimensional turnover intentions: scale development and validation

Abstract Background This study aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a more elaborate instrument to measure turnover intentions based on the planned behaviour theory model. The questionnaire assesses 5 distinct aspects of turnover intentions (i.e., subjective social status, organisational culture, personal orientation, expectations, and career growth). Methods In this cross-sectional study (comprise of 2 studies in one) a wave survey design was applied to a large diversity of workers drawn from the staff of universities, banks, hospitals, factories, and telecommunication companies. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was applied the identify the sub-dimensions and Cronbach’s alpha to assess the reliability of the first study. In the second study, for the Confirmatory factor analysis to establishing structural model of the dimensions. Results We demonstrate the reliability, factor structure, and validity evidence based on internal structure and relationship with other variables of the new measure among two samples (N1 = 622; N2 = 433). Twenty-five items with 5 factors were extracted to represent a broader perspective of turnover intention scale. Conclusions In total, the study indicates that the assessment can be used to reliably assess several major indicators of turnover intentions. Therefore, improved employees’ evaluations and reduced loss of valuable staff as a result of avoidable measures in considering the interests of workers

Lesions of velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease virus infection were more severe in broilers than pullets

This study compared the pathologic effects of velogenic Newcastle disease (ND) virus in broilers and pullets using the normal pathogenic dose of the virus following an earlier report that challenge of the two types of chickens with a low dose of the virus caused mortalities in broilers but none in pullets. One hundred and twenty chickens (10 weeks old) were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 30 each): inoculated intramuscularly with velogenic viscerotropic ND virus (vvNDV) pullets – IP, uninfected pullets – UP, infected broilers – IB and uninfected broilers – UB. Anorexia, depression, ruffled feathers, green diarrhoea, tucking of the head under their wings, droopy wings and prostration were observed on days 2 and 3 post inoculation (PI) in groups IP and IB respectively. Mortality in IP and IB was 100%. Weight loss was significant (P < 0.05) by day 4 PI in both IP and IB when compared with their controls. Percentage weight loss in IP and IB were 20.26% and 38.66%, respectively. Proventricular, intestinal and caecal tonsil haemorrhages were significantly (p < 0.05) more severe in group IB than IP. Histopathology showed more severe necrosis and depletion of the lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen of group IB than IP. The above observations show that the lesions of vvNDV infection may be more severe in IB than IP