The outlook on white space utilization policy in Korea: Lessons from the DTV leading countries, namely, the US, the UK, and Japan

Some countries have already finished or are progressing toward a transition to Digital Television (DTV). In particular, the US and UK have conducted technical analyses of white space, and its management strategy is under review. They are also working on determining what kind of service could be used for white space. According to this trend, a special research team led by the Japanese government was formed to study DTV white spaces utilization, and its study was conducted at the end of July 2010 [1]. In Korea, a study was recently begun on Cognitive Radio (CR) that could be applied for white spaces. However, no official research is being conducted to quantify the available spaces and their management strategy depending on the service applications. In this paper, we propose an appropriate spectrum management scheme for white space in Korea considering the results of a survey, Spectrum Requirement According to DTV Transition, and an iconography review based on tentatively assigned DTV channels around three DTV pilot test areas, Uljin, Danyang, and Gangjin. --White space,DTV transition,Spectrum policy,Spectrum demand survey,Iconography review,Spectrum management

Webサーバー上の32ビットFORTH

今回のプロジェクトはwebサーバー上でFORTHを動かすことを目的とする。プロジェクトの内容は、まずLANに接続するWindowsマシーンの上でWebサーバーを立ち上げること、次に、このサーバー上で、cgiプログラムによってFORTHをとにかく動かすこと、最後に、FORTHを対話的に動かす仕組みを作り上げることである。プロジェクトは成功し、直接起動されたFORTHと同じく、webサーバー上のFORTHを対話的に動かすことができるようになった。32-bit FORTH in a DOS window, "forth32w.exe" and "forthex.exp", have been developed for several years by the author, "forth32w.exe" works in the DOS memory and executes such a task as the 1000-digit calculation of pi at high speed. The purpose of the present study is to make 32-bit FORTH that works in a Web server. First, modifying "forth32w.exe", we made "forth321.exe" that outputs html-tags when starting. Next, we made "forth32.cgi" that has the following perl\u27s sentences : #!c:/usr/bin/perl $str=system("cmd/Cc:/forth/forth321.exe testhtml. blk"); exit; We can start "forth32.cgi" by inputting the following: http://localhost:80/forth32.cgi After starting, "forth321.exe" loads source from "testhtml.blk" and executes it. This "forth32. cgi" is very simple. But, to execute a different source, it is necessary to rewrite "testhtml.blk". To execute FORTH interactively, we have greatly renewed "forth32.cgi". The new "forth32.cgi" works as follows: (1) it opens a html-window that has a textarea and a "Run" button; (2) it waits for input of source (for instance, 1000 bnp-pi bnp.); (3) after source is input and the "Run" button is clicked, "forth32.cgi" outputs the source into the work file "testhtml.blk". Then, "forth321.exe" loads the source from "testhtml.blk" and executes it. (4) it prints the output of FORTH in a new window and waits for close of the window. (5) it goes to (2)

32ビットFORTHによる多数桁数演算:完成版

多数桁数とは、任意の桁数の整数部と任意の桁数の小数部を持つ数のことである。今回多数桁数を広範囲に取り扱うことのできるFORTH32の新版(第2.8版)を完成した。このFORTH32第2.8版では、多数桁数のスタック演算と四則演算に加えて、各種の多数桁数関数演算が可能である。FORTH32の多数桁数を用いてEulerの定数を小数点以下1000桁まで求める計算を行った。この計算のプログラムは巨大数を用いる計算のプログラムよりも明解であるが、計算時間は4倍位の長さとなる。カオスに関するMayの方程式y=ax(1-x)でm周期解(m=4,8,16,…,2^)の起きるパラメーターaの値を求める計算も行った。この計算のプログラムは、以前の浮動小数を用いる計算より明解であり、精度を自由に設定でき、しかも実行も高速である。A number which has the integer part of arbitrary digits and the decimal part of arbitrary digits is called a Many-digit number. Recently we have fully installed a Many-digit number Arithmetic on 32-bit FORTH. This FORTH (ver. 2.8 of FORTH32) has various Many-digit number functions in addition to Many-digit number stack manipulations and basic arithmetic operations. By using the Many-digit number Arithmetic we have calculated Euler\u27s constant up to 1000 digits below the decimal point. The program for this calculation is simpler than the former program based on Big-number Arithmetic, but the execution time is four times that of the former program. We also have studied a m-cycle solution (m=4, 8, ...) of May\u27s equation, y=ax (1-x) and gotten the value of the parameter a at which a m-cycle solution occurs (m=4, 8, ..., 2^) by the accuracy of 30 digits

Synthesis and DPPH scavenging assay of reserpine analogues, computational studies and in silico docking studies in AChE and BChE responsible for Alzheimer's disease

A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é uma doença neurodegenerativado sistema nervoso central, em rápido crescimento, e antioxidantes ajudam a suprimir o estresse oxidativo causado por radicais livres, responsávies pela DA. Avaliou-se, biologicamente, série de derivados sintéticos de indol selecionados para identificar novos antioxidantes. A maioria dos compostos avaliados apresentou de significativa a boa propriedade antioxidante (valor de IC50 399,07140.0 ± 50 µM). Eftuaram-se estudos de Teoria do Funcional de Densidade (DFT) com os compostos e os seus correspondentes radicais livres. As diferenças de energia entre os compostos protótipos e os radicais livres correspondentes proporcionaram boa justificativa para a tendência encontrada nos seus valores de IC50. O ancoramento in silico dos compostos com a acetilcolinesterase (AChE) e com a butirilcolinesterase (BChE), que contribuem para a DA, foi, também, realizado para prever o seu potencial anti-DA.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fast growing neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system and anti-oxidants can be used to help suppress the oxidative stress caused by the free radicals that are responsible for AD. A series of selected synthetic indole derivatives were biologically evaluated to identify potent new antioxidants. Most of the evaluated compounds showed significant to modest antioxidant properties (IC50 value 399.07 140.0±50 µM). Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies were carried out on the compounds and their corresponding free radicals. Differences in the energy of the parent compounds and their corresponding free radicals provided a good justification for the trend found in their IC50 values. In silico, docking of compounds into the proteins acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which are well known for contributing in AD disease, was also performed to predict anti-AD potential

Aberrant expression and potency as a cancer immunotherapy target of alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase in prostate cancer

Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is an enzyme playing an important role in the beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives. High expression levels of AMACR have been described in various cancers, including prostate cancer, colorectal cancer and kidney cancer. Because of its cancer-specific and frequent expression, AMACR could be an attractive target for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-based immunotherapy for cancer. In the present study, we examined the induction of AMACR-specific CTLs from prostate cancer patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and determined HLA-A24-restricted CTL epitopes

Studies towards the synthesis of (±)-reserpine: Photocyclization mediated a novel and efficient synthesis of 11,18-dimethoxy-(20α)-18,19-didehydro-yohimban-17-one

A short, highly efficient synthesis of advanced intermediates to reserpine 1 has been developed starting from enamide 8. The enamide underwent photocyclization reaction using high pressure mercury lamp to afford the lactam 9 in excellent yield. Then lactam was reduced to the required amine 10, which upon acidic hydrolysis gave the nonconjugate ketone product 11, followed by reaction with sodium hydroxide resulted the desired conjugate ketone 12. Epoxidation, and then ring opening of the epoxide 13 with methanol yielded the desired product 14, which is key intermediate to the total synthesis of (±)-reserpine

Effects of Alcohol on Membrane Fluidity of Human Erythrocyte

Membrane fluidity in human erythrocytes was measured by a spin label method using an electron spin resonance spectrometer in healthy volunteers after ingestion of alcohol (1.5 ml of whisky/kg body weight). Fluidity in the lipid bilayer closer to the hydrophilic face decreased at 30 min and 90 min, and fluidity in the hydrophobic core decreased at 90 min after ingestion of alcohol. In the same experiment, the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the serum decreased 30 min after ingestion of alcohol, and the triglyceride level increased and free fatty acid level decreased, and serum superoxide dismutase activity increased 150 min after ingestion. Furthermore, membrane fluidity in human erythrocytes was examined in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome who had not any alcohol for about 26 months. Erythrocyte membrane fluidity of patients with alcohol dependence syndrome was not different from that of healthy controls. However, erythrocyte membrane fluidity of the lipid bilayer closer to the hydrophilic face increased in patients who had concomitant liver cirrhosis compared with those who did not. These results suggest that alcohol affects temporal change of membrane fluidity in human erythrocytes.</p

A False Positive 18F-FDG PET/CT Scan Caused by Breast Silicone Injection

We present here the case of a 40-year-old woman with a greater than 10 year prior history of bilateral breast silicone injection and saline bag implantation. Bilateral palpable breast nodules were observed, but the ultrasound scan was suboptimal and the magnetic resonance imaging showed no gadolinium-enhanced tumor. The 18F-FDG PET/CT scan showed a hypermetabolic nodule in the left breast with a 30% increase of 18F-FDG uptake on the delayed imaging, and this mimicked breast cancer. She underwent a left partial mastectomy and the pathology demonstrated a siliconoma