Genotype and environment interaction on yield and quality parameters of organically grown winter wheat – Triticum aestivum L. genotypes

The interaction of genotype and environment upon yield and quality parameters of eight winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes was studied under organic conditions in Austria over two growing periods, 2001/2002 and 2002/2003, respectively. Two sites that have significantly different climatic conditions, Innviertel and Marchfeld, were chosen for the field experiment. Study site weather and soil conditions are important yield-affecting factors. Although the yield of Marchfeld-grown genotypes were lower, they had shown higher quality parameter values. Soil moisture conditions increase the grain yield but decrease its quality. To obtain seed with higher quality, a production site with favourable climate conditions should be chosen

Reliability Supporting of Relay Protection for 110kV Transmission Line with High-load and Short-distance in a Ring Network

As part of its mandate to meet the increasing electricity demands of Ulaanbaatar while ensuring uninterrupted, reliable, and high-quality energy supply, the National Power Transmission Grid (NPTG) takes on the responsibility of expanding, revamping, and maintaining power transmission infrastructure, including lines, substations, and equipment. In order to enhance overall reliability, this expansion necessitates seamless integration of old and new systems. Implementing advanced technical solutions becomes imperative in order to meet these challenges. The city center, newly developed residential areas, and major consumers have been strategically located in close proximity to new transmission and distribution substations. As a result of 110 kV high-load circuit networks connecting these substations, a critical issue relates to the selectivity of short-distance lines. A relay protection solution has been explored for 110 kV high-load short-distance lines in this research, and its impact on the dynamic stability of the power system has been evaluated

Identification of Angiotensin I-converting enzyme Inhibitory Activities from traditional Mongolian fermented milk products

Several angiotensen-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptites have been detected in milk products. There are many traditional milk products in Mongolia. For this study, some Mongolian milk products were collected, and the ACE inhibitory activities of these samples were tested; an active fraction was found in aaruul made from mare’s milk. After purification by dialysis and HPLC, the active fractions were isolated. The molecular weight of the active component was 362.05 M, as determined by mass spectrometry. An authentic standard was used to determine the IC50 value of the inhibitory activity. From 5’-GMP is not much higher than that of the active peptide in sour milk and some flavonoids. However, this is the first report that shows that 5’ –GMP inhibits ACE activity. These results will provide useful information for the development of hypertension therapy agents.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v12i0.175 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry Vol.12 2011: 65-6

The Use of Double Test Biomarkers to Predict Fetal Nuchal Translucency Thickness in the Diagnosis of Trisomy 21: A Compromise between Sensitivity and Specificity

Objectives: The aim of study is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of screening for fetal trisomy 21 in the first trimester of pregnancy using a combination of maternal serum biomarkers and ultrasonography. The objectives of this study were to first duplicate and confirm within the Mongolian population, the results of other similar studies. Our results corroborated closely with those of other studies and further allowed us to draw conclusions and recommendations unique to Mongolia. A second objective was to apply these results to everyday obstetric practices within Mongolia and advance the state of prenatal care for all Mongolian women. Methods: Obstetric History: The obstetric history was recorded, and serum biomarkers were measured in 415 pregnancies.The degree of risk for trisomy 21 and other fetal aneuploidy were calculated using maternal age, the results of maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, free beta human chorionic gonadotropin, and fetal nuchal translucency thickness. Grouping of Test Subjects: Using a cut-off risk estimate of 1 in 300, the women were grouped into positive and negative screening groups. Sensitivity and specificity of the screening method were calculated from the available data. Results: Sensitivity of the screening test for fetal trisomy 21 was 66.6% and for all fetal aneuploidy was 83%. Specificity of the screening test for fetal trisomy 21 was 87.5% and for all fetal aneuploidy was 97.8% and the false positive rate was 2.2%. Our results are consistent with the results obtained in other international studies. Conclusions: Our study is unique in that it is the first such scientific examination of mothers at risk for congenital abnormalities in Mongolia. This study provides empirical evidence that the combination of the double test, maternal age, and fetal nuchal translucency thickness is an effective prenatal screening method for fetal aneuploidy pregnancy outcomes in Mongolia

Extrapyramidal Dysfunction as a Consequence of Hypoxic Brain Injury

Objective: A case of parkinsonism after hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is reported. Methods and Results: A 34-year-old woman presented parkinsonism due to hypoxic-anoxic encephalopathy. The manifestation of parkinsonian syndrome was more present axially, than in the limb. She has also experienced cognitive deficits. The brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies have shown abnormalities in putamen, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus and cerebral cortex. Conclusions: Diversity of clinical features may be depend on different neuropathological damage and neurotransmitter disbalance within the basal ganglia after a hypoxic-ischemic arrest, as seen in our patient. Therefore, understanding of all factors that contribute hypoxic brain injury is important to determine the clinical outcome and further management of patients

A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF DROUGHT ON WATER SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS FOR NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION IN MONGOLIA

As the effects of climate change are being felt all over the world, sustainability indicators such as water withdrawn per kilowatt-hour, are becoming more important in the decision-making process for large infrastructure projects. In Mongolia, we are deciding whether to use nuclear as a main power source. However, local droughts in Mongolia can be quite severe, occurring every 4-5 years and several countries have shown droughts to interrupt their power plant operations. This study collects data and conducts analyses to estimate sustainability indicators for a nuclear power plant life cycle and extends these analyses to understand how an event such as a drought would affect such indicators. The first part of this study is to provide background information regarding life cycle water use from power generation facilities. Our study focused on the APR-1400 nuclear power plant. If we account for drought frequency in Mongolia, the life cycle water withdrawal is estimated to be approximately 7,611 L/MWh for the nuclear power plant.Keywords: nuclear, sustainability, water, drough

Erratum to: Personal Exposure to Fine-particle Black Carbon Air Pollution Among Schoolchildren Living in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Cent Asian J Med Sci. 2015 November;1(1):67-74 , DOI: 10.24079/cajms.2015.01.011 In this study, personal monitoring of black carbon in the PM2,5 size fraction was conducted with children. In the article, several times measurements were referred to incorrectly as being personal PM2,5 exposure, which is not accurate since black carbon within the PM2,5 size fraction was measured, not total PM2,5. The stationary monitoring was referred to correctly since black carbon in the PM25 size fraction was measured with the AethLabs aethalometer in addition to the PM2,5 size fraction with the TSI DustTrak, but the children\u27s exposure was only measured with the AethLabs aethalometer. As seen in Table 1 from the stationary monitoring, black carbon comprises only 5-31% of the total PM2,5 concentration. Therefore, if the children\u27s exposure in Table 2, Figure 3, and in the text is interpreted as total PM2,5 exposure, their exposure to PM2,5 is underestimated. In all instances referring to the children\u27s exposure, the measurement should be referred to as the black carbon in the PM2,5 size fractio

モンゴルコク カチクニュウ オヨビ ニュウセイヒンチュウ ノ サイキン ノ クローン ライブラリーホウ ニヨル カイセキ

Various animal milks and their dairy products like AIRAG (fermented horse milk) and yogurt are very popular among Mongolian people. The climate of Mongolia is very severe, and they preserve their health by the intake of above animal milks and dairy products. In this study, we explored the diversity of bacteria in Mongolian animal milks (Cow, Horse, Goat, and Camel), AIRAG, and Camel milk yogurt by the clone library method of their 16S rRNA genes. Firstly, we prepared the whole genomic DNA from four animal milks and two dairy products, and amplified each 16S rRNA genes by PCR. PCR products (about 1.4kbp) were cloned into pGEM-T vector, and analyzed DNA sequences of totally 79 clones from AIRAG, Camel milk yogurt, and four animal milks. It was revealed that homologous clones to Lactobacillus helveticus are dominant in the clone libraries of both dairy products, whereas the other clones to Lactococcus from AIRAG, and Acetobacter from camel milk yogurt. Furthermore, We found that homologous clones to Lactococcus are dominant in Mongolian cow and horse milks, whereas Leuconostoc in camel milk. Therefore, it might be useful information for screening the bioactive strains from milk products in Mongolia