Pengaruh Konsentrasi Serta Waktu Aplikasi Campuran Ekstrak Daun Sembung dan Daun Tembakau sebagai Pengendali Hama Penggulung Daun pada Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine Max L. Merrill)

Penurunan produksi kedelai sebesar 24,37 persen dari tahun 2014 hingga 2015, selain terjadi karena penurunan luas panen seluas 9,99 ribu hektar (23,35 persen) dan produktivitas sebesar 0,20 kuintal/hektar (1,35 persen) (BPS, 2016), juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain diantaranya benih yang digunakan bermutu rendah, pemupukan tidak berimbang, dan pengendalian hama belum efektif. Untuk meningkatkan produksi kedelai dibutuhkan inovasi teknologi yang memperhatikan lingkungan, sehingga perlu mengkaji dengan alternatif lain, salah satunya memanfaatkan jenis tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai pestisida nabati yaitu ekstrak daun sembung dan ekstrak tembakau. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan dua faktor yaitu faktor konsentrasi, yaitu; 0 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml dan 20 ml. Faktor waktu pemberian, yaitu; 15 hst dan 30 hst Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi campuran ekstrak daun sembung dan daun tembakau berpengaruh nyata terhadap intensitas serangan larva spodoptera litura pada umur tanaman 37 hari, 52 hari dan sangat nyata pada umur tanaman 67 hari dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 20 ml mampu mengendalikan dan menghambat perkembangan larva spodoptera litura serta dengan waktu pemberian berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap intensitas serangan pada umur tanaman 37 hari, 52 hari dan 67 hari tanam dan tidak terjadi interaksi dari konsentrasi dan waktu pemberian terhadap intensitas serangan larva spodoptera litura

Large evolution of the bilinear Higgs coupling parameter in SUSY models and reduction of phase sensitivity

The phases in a generic low-energy supersymmetric model are severely constrained by the experimental upper bounds on the electric dipole moments of the electron and the neutron. Coupled with the requirement of radiative electroweak symmetry breaking, this results in a large degree of fine tuning of the phase parameters at the unification scale. In supergravity type models, this corresponds to very highly tuned values for the phases of the bilinear Higgs coupling parameter $B$ and the universal trilinear coupling $A_0$. We identify a cancellation/enhancement mechanism associated with the renormalization group evolution of $B$, which, in turn, reduces such fine-tuning quite appreciably without taking recourse to very large masses for the supersymmetric partners. We find a significant amount of reduction of this fine-tuning in nonuniversal gaugino mass models that do not introduce any new phases.Comment: Version to appear in Phys.Rev.D. Insignificant changes like a few typos corrected. 26 pages, 7 figures, LaTe

One-loop Neutron Electric Dipole Moment from Supersymmetry without R-parity

We present a detailed analysis together with exact numerical calculations on one-loop contributions to neutron electric dipole moment from supersymmetry without R-parity, focusing on the gluino, chargino, and neutralino contributions. Apart from the neglected family mixing among quarks, complete formulae are given for the various contributions, through the quark dipole operators, to which the present study is restricted. We discuss the structure and main features of the R-parity violating contributions and the interplay between the R-parity conserving and violating parameters. In particular, the parameter combination $\mu_i^*\lambda^{\prime}_{i11}$, under the optimal parametrization adopted, is shown to be solely responsible for the R-parity violating contributions in the supersymmetric loop diagrams. While $\mu_i^*\lambda^{\prime}_{i11}$ could bear a complex phase, the latter is not necessary to have a R-parity violating contribution.Comment: 43 pages Revtex with 15 eps- and 4 ps- figure files incoporated; proofread version to be published in Phys. Rev.

The Determination Of K ISCC Of Mild Steel In Hot Caustic By Using Small Circumferential Notched Tensile (CNT) Fracture Toughness Specimens

A new technique for rapid and cost-effective determination of stress intensity factor (K I) and fracture toughness (K IC) using small circumferential notch tensile (CNT) specimens is presented and used to determine the crack growth rate of an ex-service component. The paper highlights the scope and advantages of extending this technique for assessing the susceptibility of ferrous alloys to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). A modified CNT testing rig is designed and constructed based on an existing room temperature sustained load crack testing rig by adding facilities for testing SCC susceptibility at different temperatures. The new testing rig simplifies and speeds up the testing procedure as well as provides considerable cost advantage over the conventional fracture mechanics techniques. The paper also presents results of the SCC tests carried out on mild steel (AISI 1020) using this modified CNT rig

Classification of Several Skin Cancer Types Based on Autofluorescence Intensity of Visible Light to Near Infrared Ratio

Skin cancer is a Malignant growth on the skin caused by many factors. The most common skin cancers are Basal Cell Cancer (BCC) and Squamous Cell Cancer (SCC). This research uses a discriminant analysis to classify some tissues of skin cancer based on criterion number of independent variables. An independent variable is variation of excitation light sources (LED lamp), filters, and sensors to measure autofluorescence intensity (IAF) of visible light to near infrared (VIS/NIR) ratio of paraffin embedded tissue biopsy from BCC, SCC, and Lipoma. From the result of discriminant analysis, it is known that the discriminant function is determined by 4 (four) independent variables i.e., blue LED-red filter, blue LED-yellow filter, UV LED-blue filter, and UV LED-yellow filter. The accuracy of discriminant in classifying the analysis of three skin cancer tissues is 100%

CP-odd Phase Correlations and Electric Dipole Moments

We revisit the constraints imposed by electric dipole moments (EDMs) of nucleons and heavy atoms on new CP-violating sources within supersymmetric theories. We point out that certain two-loop renormalization group corrections induce significant mixing between the basis-invariant CP-odd phases. In the framework of the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model (CMSSM), the CP-odd invariant related to the soft trilinear A-phase at the GUT scale, theta_A, induces non-trivial and distinct CP-odd phases for the three gaugino masses at the weak scale. The latter give one-loop contributions to EDMs enhanced by tan beta, and can provide the dominant contribution to the electron EDM induced by theta_A. We perform a detailed analysis of the EDM constraints within the CMSSM, exhibiting the reach, in terms of sparticle spectra, which may be obtained assuming generic phases, as well as the limits on the CP-odd phases for some specific parameter points where detailed phenomenological studies are available. We also illustrate how this reach will expand with results from the next generation of experiments which are currently in development.Comment: 31 pages, 21 eps figures; v2: additional remarks on 2-loop threshold corrections and references added; v3: typos corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Parachute dynamics and stability analysis

The nonlinear differential equations of motion for a general parachute-riser-payload system are developed. The resulting math model is then applied for analyzing the descent dynamics and stability characteristics of both the drogue stabilization phase and the main descent phase of the space shuttle solid rocket booster (SRB) recovery system. The formulation of the problem is characterized by a minimum number of simplifying assumptions and full application of state-of-the-art parachute technology. The parachute suspension lines and the parachute risers can be modeled as elastic elements, and the whole system may be subjected to specified wind and gust profiles in order to assess their effects on the stability of the recovery system

Mixing of the CP Even and the CP Odd Higgs Bosons and the EDM Constraints

The mixing among the CP even and the CP odd neutral Higgs bosons of MSSM by one loop induced effects in the presence of CP phases is investigated using three different mechanisms to satisfy the EDM constraints, i.e., a fine tuning of phases, a heavy sparticle spectrum, and the cancellation mechanism. It is shown that if a mixing effect among the CP even and the CP odd Higgs bosons is observed experimentally, then it is only the cancellation mechanism that can survive under the naturalness constraint.Comment: 14 pages, Latex and 4figures. A new paragraph is added and few more references. One figure is modified. To appear in Phys. Rev.

PD-L1 testing for lung cancer in the UK: recognizing the challenges for implementation.

A new approach to the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has recently emerged that works by manipulating the immune checkpoint controlled by programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Several drugs targeting PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab) or PD-L1 (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) have been approved or are in the late stages of development. Inevitably, the introduction of these drugs will put pressure on healthcare systems, and there is a need to stratify patients to identify those who are most likely to benefit from such treatment. There is evidence that responsiveness to PD-1 inhibitors may be predicted by expression of PD-L1 on neoplastic cells. Hence, there is considerable interest in using PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining to guide the use of PD-1-targeted treatments in patients with NSCLC. This article reviews the current knowledge about PD-L1 testing, and identifies current research requirements. Key factors to consider include the source and timing of sample collection, pre-analytical steps (sample tracking, fixation, tissue processing, sectioning, and tissue prioritization), analytical decisions (choice of biomarker assay/kit and automated staining platform, with verification of standardized assays or validation of laboratory-devised techniques, internal and external quality assurance, and audit), and reporting and interpretation of the results. This review addresses the need for integration of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry with other tests as part of locally agreed pathways and protocols. There remain areas of uncertainty, and guidance should be updated regularly as new information becomes available