One -Leg Hybrid Methods for Solving ODEs and DAEs

This paper introduces one-leg hybrid methods for solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and differential algebraic equations (DAEs). The order of convergence of these methods are determined and compared to the order of convergence of their twin hybrid multistep methods. The G-stability of these methods are studied. Finally, the methods are tested by solving DAEs

Stability Analysis of Implicit-Explicit Class for Solving ODEs and DDEs

Implicit-Explicit schemes have been widely used, it reduces the computational work for solving differential equations which have both stiff and non-stiff parts . In this paper an implicit-explicit linear multistep method for solving ordinary and delay differential equations is introduced. In both cases we are going to study the stability of the method using two approaches and the stability regions will be ploted. Numerical tests are introduced

Early Results of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery with or without Coronary Endarterectomy

Background: Managing patients with diffuse coronary artery disease is challenging. The advantages of coronary endarterectomy (CE) combined with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) compared to CABG alone are controversial. This study compared short-term outcomes, including ICU and hospital stays, arrhythmias, postoperative myocardial infarction, renal impairment, and hospital mortality, between patients who underwent CABG without and with CE. Methods: This randomized controlled study included 100 patients who underwent CABG with or without CE. Participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups. Group I (n=50) included patients who underwent CABG alone, and Group II (n=50) included patients who underwent CABG combined with CE. Results: The right coronary artery was the most common vessel affected by CE (44%), followed by the left anterior descending artery (42%). Low-output syndrome and pleural effusion were more frequently observed in Group II; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance. There was no difference in postoperative complications or ejection fraction between the groups. The ICU stay was significantly longer in Group II (3.02±0.84 vs. 2.58±0.5 days; p=0.007). Additionally, patients in Group II had significantly longer hospital stays (14.48±1.87 vs. 11.98±1.35, p<0.001). Conclusion: Compared with CABG alone, CABG with CE might not be associated with increased short-term mortality or morbidity. CABG with CE was associated with prolonged hospitalization, necessitating a careful assessment of the benefits versus an extended hospital stay when considering this adjunctive procedure

Performance Enhancement of Wind Farms Using Tuned SSSC Based on Artificial Neural Network

Recently, power systems are confronting a lot of challenges. Increasing the dependence on renewable energy sources especially wind energy and its impact on the stability of electrical systems are the most important challenges. Flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) can be used to improve the relationship between wind farms and electrical grids. The performance of these FACTS depends on the parameters of its control system. These parameters can be tuned using modern methods like Artificial Neural Network (ANN). In this paper, ANN is used to improve the performance of static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) integrated into combined wind farm (CWF). This CWF is composed of squirrel cage induction generators (SCIG) and doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) wind turbines. This wind farm is collecting the advantage of SCIG and DFIG wind turbines. To view out the motivation of this paper, a comparison is done among the performances of combined wind farm (CWF) with ANN-SSSC, CWF with ordinary SSSC and CWF with SSSC tune by Multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA SSSC). The root mean square Error (RMSE) is used to evaluate the results. The results illustrate that the performance of CWF can be improved using SSSC adjusted by ANN

Left internal mammary on-lay patch vs. saphenous vein patch in reconstructing diffusely diseased left anterior descending artery

Background: Several operative techniques were described to reconstruct the diffusely diseased left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). The superiority of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) vs. the saphenous vein patch is controversial in LAD reconstruction. Thus, this study compared LIMA on-lay patch vs. saphenous vein patch in reconstructing diffusely diseased LAD artery. Methods: This study was conducted between June 2020 and May 2022 including 60 patients with a diffusely diseased LAD. LIMA patch was used in 30 patients (Group I) and saphenous vein patch in 30 patients (Group II) without endarterectomy. Males presented 85%; the mean age was 56.68 ± 6.44 years. The mean patch length in the LIMA group was 4.48±0.87 cm and 4.60± 0.93 cm in the saphenous vein group. Results: The mean aortic cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times were 66.80± 19.93 and 108.00± 25.74 minutes in the LIMA group and 84.40± 30.65 and 132.53± 45.41 minutes in the venous Group (P= 0.011 and 0.013, respectively). The mean intensive care unit stay was 50.40 ± 38.65 hours in Group I and 92.00± 51.62 hours in Group II (P˂ 0.001). Four patients (13.3%) needed an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in Group I, and 11 patients (36.7%) in Group II (P= 0.037). Postoperative low cardiac output occurred in 13.3% of Group I and 53.3% in Group II (P= 0.001). Postoperative atrial fibrillation occurred in 13.3% of Group I, while in Group II was 33.3% (P= 0.067). The renal complications were 3.3% in Group I and 16.7% in Group II (P= 0.085). Two patients (6.7%) were complicated with bleeding in Group I, and nine (30.0%) in Group II (P= 0.02). The postoperative ejection fraction was 58.17± 5.25% in Group I and 53.3± 5.23% in Group II (P= 0.001). On the first postoperative day, the creatine kinase-myoglobin binding level was 61.73± 30.19 IU/L in Group I and 92.63± 45.88 IU/L in Group II (P= 0.004). Hospital mortality occurred in one patient (3.3%) in Group I and two in Group II (6.7%) (P˃ 0.99). Conclusion: LAD reconstruction using the LIMA patch could have better early outcomes than the saphenous vein patch

Clinical Outcomes of the Use of Custodiol versus Warm Blood Cardioplegia during Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Significant Left Main Coronary Artery Disease

Background: Patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, particularly those with significant left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD), require optimal myocardial protection. The selection between Custodiol and warm blood cardioplegia remains critical in enhancing surgical outcomes and improving postoperative quality of life. This study sought to compare Custodiol and warm blood cardioplegia regarding myocardial protection during CABG surgery. Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out on 100 patients with significant LMCAD. Patients underwent CABG surgery using either Custodiol (Group I, n= 50) or intermittent antegrade warm blood cardioplegia (Group II, n= 50). In Group I, 13 patients were female (26%); in Group II, 15 were female (30%). Results: Both groups had comparable preoperative demographics. Use of hemofilter [8 (16%) vs. 1 (2%), p= 0.004], DC shock [ 6 (12%) vs. 1 (2%), p= 0.037] were more common in Group I. Arrhythmia occurred more frequently in Group I intraoperatively [ 9 (18%) vs. 2 (4%), p= 0.009]. No early mortality was observed in either group. Postoperative data revealed no significant differences between the groups in vital parameters, complications, echocardiographic data, or mortality. Conclusion: Both Custodiol and warm blood cardioplegia demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety profiles for myocardial preservation during CABG surgery in patients with significant LMCAD. Custodiol could be an effective alternative to blood cardioplegia in patients with LMCAD

Seeing revolution non-linearly: www.filmingrevolution.org

Filming Revolution, launched in 2015, is an online interactive data base documentary tracing the strands and strains of independent (mostly) documentary filmmaking in Egypt since the revolution. Consisting of edited interviews with 30 filmmakers, archivists, activists, and artists based in Egypt, the website is organised by the themes that emerged from the material, allowing the viewer to engage in an unlimited set of “curated dialogues” about issues related to filmmaking in Egypt since 2011. With its constellatory interactive design, Filming Revolution creates as much as documents a community of makers, as it attempts to grapple with approaches to filmmaking in the wake of such momentous historical events. The non-hierarchical polysemous structure of the project is meant to echo the rhizomatic, open-ended aspect of the revolution and its aftermath, in yet another affirmation and instantiation of contemporary civil revolution as a non-linear, ever-unfolding, on-going, event