Globalization, Mass Media And Development In Nigeria: The Nexus

Globalization has become one of the defining features of the contemporary world, and is, no doubt, undergoing tremendous social, economic, cultural and technological transformation. Relations between states are being re-defined and restructured in the globalization process through the instrument of mass media. This study analyses and evaluates the nexus between globalization and mass media in Nigeria development. The fundamental issue by this study was therefore on the implication of the linkages for globalization, media and development. A literature review of works done on the concept of globalization, dimensions of globalization, the concept of mass media, types of media the concept of development, globalization and mass media, and the globalization, media and Nigerian development was carried out. Methodologically, the study was carried out qualitatively through content analysis of relevant literatures. After a thorough analysis of the data gathered, it was deduced the realities of the underdeveloped nature of Nigeria and African countries, and the subsequent loss incurring in the inevitable on-going process of globalisation. To enable Nigeria and the likes extricate itself from predatory of the west in the global arena, governmental discipline, political stability, good governance and focused and visionary leadership striving to ensure harmonious existence and cooperation towards development were recommended. Key Words: Globalization, Mass media, Development, Communication, Information technology, Social network.

The United Nations And The Challenges Of Global Peace, Security And Development

The study is predicated on functionalist theoretical frame work to examine the origin and objectives of the United Nations and the contemporary challenges of war, conflicts, genocide etc. in the world. The study employs the methodology of documentary analysis to argue that despite some of its achievements, the UN failed to provide the necessary peace and security that will ensure leveled playing field in world politics and sustainable development among nations. The study among other recommendations suggests the strong need for total reform of the UN in order to gain the trust of its member nations. Key words: United Nation, Peace, Security, and Development

The Impacts of Locus of Control and Religious Orientation on Academic Anxiety among Adolescents

Two hundred and fifty adolescents were drawn from three secondary school located in Damaturu. They were administered the Rotter's I-E Scale to assess the locus of control (IDV) and Allport (1969) religious orientation (IDV) scale, to see the influence on expression of academic anxiety (DV) which was assessed using Zeidnes & Schleyer's (1999) Academic Anxiety Scale. A 2 *2 Anova revealed a significant main effect of locus of control on academic anxiety F= 3.370 (1,220) P= 0.05. The main effect of religious orientation and the interaction of effect of religious orientation and locus of control were found to be statistically significant. Recommendations for policy formulation especially towards educating the School pupils to change their locus of control orientation in order to combat academic anxiety are discussed. The limitations of the finding particularly the sample sizes of participants for future researchers are offered. Keywords: Locus of control, Religious Orientation and Academic Anxiet

Youth empowerment against poverty in Yobe State, Northern Nigeria

Global efforts to end poverty and unfair development should focus on the empowered youth as the cornerstone. In Nigeria, the youth form 60 percent of the population. The majority of them are unemployed and ultimately poor. Poverty reduction requires empowerment to overcome the barriers to a better life. This study examined the nature of youth empowerment and its impact on the well-being of the youth in Yobe State, Nigeria. It used a quantitative method and administered questionnaires to 393 randomly selected respondents. Data was collected on youth's attitudes, views and experiences on various aspects of their lives and well-being and the nature of empowerment programmes in Yobe State. The study findings show that many empowerment programmes have been implemented but have had low impact on the youth. Poverty and unemployment remain high, mainly among the youth. In addition, youth attitudes and experiences show a lack of satisfaction with the nature of youth empowerment. Disempowered youth lack the confidence and belief that they have the opportunities to develop themselves or escape poverty and such disempowerment compromises their citizenry roles as the youth. Therefore, there is a need to improve the infrastructure and strengthen empowerment programmes to improve the well-being of the youth

Neonatal Tetanus Immunity in Nigeria: The Effect of HIV Infection on Serum Levels and Transplacental Transfer of Antibodies

Background. Tetanus toxoid immunisation of pregnant mother has remained the most effective strategy in eliminating neonatal tetanus. Impaired production and/or transplacental transfer of antibodies may affect the effectiveness of this strategy. We studied the effect of maternal HIV infection on serum levels and transplacental transfer of anti-tetanus antibodies. Methods. A total of 162 mother-baby paired serum samples were taken and analysed for anti-tetanus antibody levels using ELISA. Maternal HIV status was also determined by double ELISA technique. Maternal TT vaccination status was also documented. Results. Thirty-eight (23.5%) mothers and 41 (25.3%) babies were seronegative, out of whom 8 mothers were HIV positive and 9 babies were HIV exposed. HIV infected mothers and HIV exposed infants were, respectively, 16.27 times (OR = 16.27, 95% CI = 3.28 to 80.61) and 33.75 times (OR = 33.75, 95% CI = 4.12 to 276.40) more likely to be seronegative for anti-tetanus antibody. Similarly, HIV positive mother-newborn pairs were 7.46 times more likely to have a poor transplacental transfer of tetanus antibodies (OR = 7.46, 95% CI = 1.96 to 28.41). Conclusions. Maternal HIV infection is associated with impaired maternofoetal transfer of anti-tetanus antibodies and seronegativity among mothers and their newborns. Hence, this may hinder efforts to eliminate neonatal tetanus