Synthesis of Vanadium Pentoxide using Hydrothermal Autoclave Approach

The transition metal vanadium can easily move between the oxidation states +V, +IV, and +III and expand its sphere beyond tetrahedral coordination. It oxidizes into a brownish black trioxide, a blue-black tetroxide, or a reddish orange pentoxide when heated in air at various temperatures. The simple hydrothermal autoclave approach was used to synthesize vanadium pentoxide V2O5 nanoparticles from ammonium metavanadate NH4VO3. The synthesized sample was identification using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The result confirms forming of V2O5 nanoparticles and the diameter was around 61- 167 nm. The transition metal vanadium can easily move between the oxidation states +V, +IV, and +III and expand its sphere beyond tetrahedral coordination. It oxidizes into a brownish black trioxide, a blue-black tetroxide, or a reddish orange pentoxide when heated in air at various temperatures. The simple hydrothermal autoclave approach was used to synthesize vanadium pentoxide V2O5 nanoparticles from ammonium metavanadate NH4VO3. The synthesized sample was identification using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The result confirms forming of V2O5 nanoparticles and the diameter was around 61- 167 nm

Modulation of cytokine production from cultured mononuclear cells of leukemia patients by Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra methanolic extract

The effect of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra (Family: Hypericaceae) methanolic extract on an in vitro cytokine release (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A and IFN-γ) from cultured mononuclear cells was determined. The cells were obtained from acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and acute myelogenous leukemic (AML) Iraqi patients. Two concentrations (1.146 and 1.719 µg/ml) of the extract were tested. They were correspondent to 20 and 30%, respectively of the plant IC50 (5.73 µg/ml). Chemical analysis of the extract showed its richness in flavonoids (115.73 µg/ml). Assessments of cytokine levels in supernatants of cultured cells revealed that ALL, AML or control cells responded differently to the plant extract in their production of IL-2, IL-10, IL-17A and IFN-γ, but leukemic cells were better than control cells in their response, while there was no effect on IL-4 production. The results suggested that H. triquetrifolium methanolic extract exerted immunomodulatory effects on cultured cells

Industrial tracking camera and product vision detection system

Many industrial and commercial applications today are beginning to use autonomous systems to increase productivity and reduce costs for production and manpower. Most of these applications are only semi- autonomous, it still needs assistance from a human to start up or receive continual instructions. It can be improve the productivity using the image processing techniques based on the camera processing capabilities and more efficient vehicles. This research paper describes a vision tracking system platform and USB camera that used to make a distinguishing operation applying to real-time video tracking processing for moving product. The industrial camera tracking system is designed to provide tracking and sorting for the products based on the shape quality criterion, which is means reject the product with low quality (bad shape). The platform is used to distinguish different shapes of products and tracking operation. The received video is displayed in the computer through the acquisition video, taking advantage of the toolkit for acquisition video and image processing. It can be determined where the place of the part and detect the product, and then send information to the control system to remove unwanted product

Understanding the Adsorption of Peptides and Proteins onto PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface conjugations are widely employed to render passivating properties to nanoparticles in biological applications. The benefits of surface passivation by PEG are reduced protein adsorption, diminished non-specific interactions, and improvement in pharmacokinetics. However, the limitations of PEG passivation remain an active area of research, and recent examples from the literature demonstrate how PEG passivation can fail. Here, we study the adsorption amount of biomolecules to PEGylated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), focusing on how different protein properties influence binding. The AuNPs are PEGylated with three different sizes of conjugated PEG chains, and we examine interactions with proteins of different sizes, charges, and surface cysteine content. The experiments are carried out in vitro at physiologically relevant timescales to obtain the adsorption amounts and rates of each biomolecule on AuNP-PEGs of varying compositions. Our findings are relevant in understanding how protein size and the surface cysteine content affect binding, and our work reveals that cysteine residues can dramatically increase adsorption rates on PEGylated AuNPs. Moreover, shorter chain PEG molecules passivate the AuNP surface more effectively against all protein types

Intelligent Robotic Welding Based on a Computer Vision Technology Approach

Robots have become an essential part of modern industries in welding departments to increase the accuracy and rate of production. The intelligent detection of welding line edges to start the weld in a proper position is very important. This work introduces a new approach using image processing to detect welding lines by tracking the edges of plates according to the required speed by three degrees of a freedom robotic arm. The two different algorithms achieved in the developed approach are the edge detection and top-hat transformation. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system ANFIS was used to choose the best forward and inverse kinematics of the robot. MIG welding at the end-effector was applied as a tool in this system, and the weld was completed according to the required working conditions and performance. The parts of the system work with compatible and consistent performances, with acceptable accuracy for tracking the line of the welding path

A Systematic Approach to Stable Grasping of a Two-Finger Robotic Hand Activated by Jamming of Granular Media

A systematic approach is presented to achieve the stable grasping of objects through a two-finger robotic hand, in which each finger cavity was filled with granular media. The compaction of the latter, controlled by vacuum pressure, was used to adjust the structural and contact stiffness of the finger. The grasping stability was studied under the concurrent effect of an external torque and applied vacuum pressure. Stable grasping was defined as the no slippage condition between the grasped object and the two fingers. Three control schemes were adopted and applied experimentally to ensure the effectiveness of the grasping process. The results showed that stable and unstable grasping regions exist for each combination of applied torque and vacuum pressure. The two-finger robotic hands can be further improved for applications that require high load-carrying capabilities

PURIFICATION OF INULINASE FROM KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE AND STUDY THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF INULINASE AND CEFTAZIDIME

Introduction: Klebsiella pneumoniae are Gram-negative which cause many diseases such as urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections and septicemia. Inulinase is an enzyme used in food manufacture and pharmaceuticals. Inulinase is used in decreasing lipid ratio and, cholesterol in blood and considered as a prebiotic factor inside intestine. Many microorganisms can produce inulinase, such as yeast, fungi and bacteria; among such bacteria: Bacillus spp., Arthrobacter spp., and Pseudomonas spp. but there are no studies about inulinase production by K. pneumoniae have been reported. So the current study aims at investing the ability of producing and purification inulinase by K. pneumoniae. Method: K. pneumoniae were isolated from many hospitals and screened for the production of inulinase. Isolation percentage was 32%. A combination between the enzyme and the ceftazidime were assayed for detecting the antibacterial activity agonist Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were done.  Results:  It is found that K. pneumoniae K4 isolate is the best producer of this enzyme. Inulinase, purified with ammonium sulfate at 70% saturation with specific activity 7.01 U/mg protein. As well, it's found that inulinase had increased the activity of ceftazidime against bacteria when combination between this enzyme and the antibiotic had done. Conclusion: This study proves for the first time that K. pneumoniae can produce inulinase which can be used in tremendous applications and also proves the broad spectrum bioactivity of inulinase against microbial pathogens. Ceftazidime antimicrobial activity against bacteria, is increased when a combination between inulinase and ceftazidime had done

Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries

Background: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 percent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 percent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 percent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle-compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)