‘BETTER OFF DEAD THAN DISFIGURED’? THE CHALLENGES OF FACIAL INJURY IN THE PRE-MODERN PAST

This paper contrasts modern representations of facial disfigurement, which often focus on the personal story of 'triumph over adversity', with the problems of accessing such first-person accounts in the medieval past. It examines a number of approaches to the history of facial disfigurement in early medieval Europe, and suggests that this history has been neglected because it does not fit comfortably into existing disciplinary categories such as medical history or disability studies

The use of sildenafil to treat portopulmonary hypertension prior to liver transplantation

Portopulmonary hypertension (PPH) is an infrequent, but well-recognized complication of liver cirrhosis. PPH in those with end-stage liver disease has a significant impact on per-operative and intra-operative mortality, with liver transplantation being contraindicated in those individuals with mean pulmonary artery pressure exceeding 50 mmHg. Vasodilatory therapy is the mainstay of pharmacotherapy for PPH, although the evidence of benefit is largely extrapolated from the pulmonary hypertension literature. We report the use of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, sildenafil, in a patient with end stage liver disease and PPH, with a pulmonary artery pressure before transplantation of 75 mmHg, to reduce pulmonary artery pressure prior to a successful liver transplant