7 research outputs found
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Preservation and recovery of mangrove ecosystem carbon stocks in abandoned shrimp ponds
Mangrove forests capture and store exceptionally large amounts of carbon and are increasingly recognised as an important ecosystem for carbon sequestration. Yet land-use change in the tropics threatens this ecosystem and its critical ‘blue carbon’ (carbon stored in marine and coastal habitats) stores. The expansion of shrimp aquaculture is among the major causes of mangrove loss globally. Here, we assess the impact of mangrove to shrimp pond conversion on ecosystem carbon stocks, and carbon losses and gains over time after ponds are abandoned. Our assessment is based on an intensive field inventory of carbon stocks at a coastal setting in Thailand. We show that although up to 70% of ecosystem carbon is lost when mangroves are converted to shrimp ponds, some abandoned ponds contain deep mangrove soils (>2.5 m) and large carbon reservoirs exceeding 865 t carbon per hectare. We also found a positive recovery trajectory for carbon stocks in the upper soil layer (0-15 cm) of a chronosequence of abandoned ponds, associated with natural mangrove regeneration. Our data suggest that mangrove carbon pools can rebuild in abandoned ponds over time in areas exposed to tidal flushing
Leadership and Workplace Innovation: An Investigation of Asian SMEs
Few studies have explored the relationship between leadership and workplace innovation in non-Western contexts. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship in the context of two Asian countries. To this end, structural equation modelling (SEM) was implemented to analyze 696 usable questionnaires received from staff employed in small to medium enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand and Vietnam. The results revealed that design leadership has a significant effect on the four dimensions of workplace innovation, thus confirming an interactionist theory perspective which is under-researched in Thai and Vietnamese SME contexts. This study therefore extends the design leadership and innovation literatures