Testing Supergravity Grand Unification at Future Accelerator and Underground Experiments

The full parameter space of supergravity grand unified theory with $SU(5)$ type $p \rightarrow \bar{\nu} K$ proton decay is analysed using renormalization group induced electroweak symmetry breaking under the restrictions that the universal scalar mass $m_o$ and gluino mass are $\leq 1$ TeV (no extreme fine tuning) and the Higgs triplet mass obeys $M_{H_3}/M_G < 10$. Future proton decay experiments at SuperKamiokande or ICARUS can reach a sensitivity for the $\bar{\nu} K$ mode of $(2-5) \times 10^{33}$ yr allowing a number of predictions concerning the SUSY mass spectrum. Thus either the $p \rightarrow\bar{\nu} K$ decay mode will be seen at these experiments or a chargino of mass $m_{\tilde{W}} < 100$ GeV will exist and hence be observable at LEP2. Further, if $(p \rightarrow \bar{\nu} K) > 1.5 \times 10^{33}$ yr, then either the light Higgs has mass $m_h \leq 95$ GeV or $m_{\tilde{W}} \leq 100$ GeV i.e. either the light Higgs or the light chargino (or both) would be observable at LEP2. Thus, the combination of future accelerator and future underground experiments allow for strong experimental tests of this theory.Comment: 7 figures available upon request, CTP-TAMU-32/93, NUB-TH-3066/93 and SSCL-Preprint-44

Inverting the Supersymmetric Standard Model Spectrum: from Physical to Lagrangian Ino Parameters

We examine the possibility of recovering the supersymmetric (and soft supersymmetry breaking) Lagrangian parameters as direct {\em analytical} expressions of appropriate physical masses, for the unconstrained (but CP and R-parity conserving) minimal supersymmetric standard model. We concentrate mainly on the algebraically non-trivial "inversion" for the ino parameters, and obtain, for given values of $\tan\beta$, simple analytical expressions for the $\mu$, $M_1$ and $M_2$ parameters in terms of three arbitrary input physical masses, namely either two chargino and one neutralino masses, or alternatively one chargino and two neutralino masses. We illustrate and discuss in detail the possible occurrence of ambiguities in this reconstruction. The dependence of the resulting ino Lagrangian parameters upon physical masses is illustrated, and some simple generic behaviour uncovered in this way. We finally briefly sketch generalizing such an inversion to the full set of MSSM Lagrangian parameters.Comment: Latex, 28 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, some typos corrected, one paragraph extended in section 4.2. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Anomalies in field theories with extra dimensions

We give an overview of the issue of anomalies in field theories with extra dimensions. We start by reviewing in a pedagogical way the computation of the standard perturbative gauge and gravitational anomalies on non-compact spaces, using Fujikawa's approach and functional integral methods, and discuss the available mechanisms for their cancellation. We then generalize these analyses to the case of orbifold field theories with compact internal dimensions, emphasizing the new aspects related to the presence of orbifold singularities and discrete Wilson lines, and the new cancellation mechanisms that are becoming available. We conclude with a very brief discussion on global and parity anomalies.Comment: Review article written for Int.J.Mod.Phys. A, 63 pages; v2: mistake in subsection 4.3 corrected, some comments and references added, a few misprints fixe

Algas planctônicas do Rio Amazonas e alguns tributários (Pará, Brasil).

Este trabalho faz parte do projeto HiBam, o qual visa a compreensão dos processos biogeoquímicos e físicos de transferência de massas d?água do rio Amazonas para a várzea do Curuai (PA). Objetivo deste estudo é apresentar a composição fi toplanctônica de um trecho do rio Amazonas (alguns tributários) e informações ecológicas. As coletas foram realizadas em junho/2002 (águas altas) em 33 estações, sendo 6 no rio Amazonas, 15 no rio Solimões e as demais nos rios Javari, Jandiatuba, Içá, Jutaí, Juruá, Trombetas, Gurupatuba e Paranã no Aranapú. As algas foram amostradas em subsuperfície e fi xadas com lugol acético. Foram identificadas 147 espécies, sendo destaque Cyanophyceae (23% do total), seguido de Cholophyceae (22%). Cyanogranis ferruginea, Merismopedia tenuissima, M. insignis, Pseudanabaena catenata, P. mucicola, Synechococcus captatus e Chroococcus minor foram abundantes nos rios Solimões, Juruá, Içá, Jutaí e no Paranã do Aranapú, próximo ao Solimões. Entre as Chlorophyceae a espécie mais freqüente foi Chlorella minutissima, com alta densidade nos rios Solimões, Jutaí e Trombetas. As densidades mais baixas ocorreram nas estações do rio Amazonas

Logarithmic SUSY electroweak effects on four-fermion processes at TeV energies

We compute the MSSM one-loop contributions to the asymptotic energy behaviour of fermion-antifermion pair production at future lepton-antilepton colliders. Besides the conventional logarithms of Renormalization Group origin, extra SUSY linear logarithmic terms appear of "Sudakov-type". In the TeV range their overall effect on a variety of observables can be quite relevant and drastically different from that obtained in the SM case.Comment: 19 pages and 14 figures, corrected version. e-mail: [email protected]

Diatomáceas planctônicas do lago Sant'Anna (várzea do Curuai, PA, Brasil) durante o período de cheia de 2004.

A várzea do Curuai tem uma dinâmica específica e é bastante influenciada por períodos de cheia e vazante. Além alterar a biota e biodiversidade, tal dinâmica mantém o constante aporte de matéria orgânica. As diatomáceas são um grupo heterogêneo, tendo espécies sensíveis e outras resistentes às variações ambientais. O objetivo deste trabalho é inventariar a flora diatomológica do lago Sant'Anna (02°03,019S; 55°29,031W - PA-Brasil), durante o período de cheia de 2004. Este lago é alcalino, pouco transparentes e recebe influência do aporte lateral do rio Amazonas. Quatro estações foram amostradas utilizando rede de plâncton (20 m). As amostras foram fixadas em solução de Transeau 1:1 e analisadas através de lâminas permanentes (3/amostra). Os indivíduos encontrados foram microfotografados e identificados através de literatura específica e atualizada. Foram encontrados 58 taxa, sendo 50 Bacillariophyceae e 8 Coscinodiscophyceae. Eunotia foi o gênero mais representativo (9 taxa) seguido de Aulacoseira (7) e Gomphonema (6); Aulacoseira granulata var. granulata foi o taxon mais frequente, ocorrendo em todas as estações e Gomphonema turris foi encontrado em cerca de 80% das amostras

The (1+1)-dimensional Massive sine-Gordon Field Theory and the Gaussian Wave-functional Approach

The ground, one- and two-particle states of the (1+1)-dimensional massive sine-Gordon field theory are investigated within the framework of the Gaussian wave-functional approach. We demonstrate that for a certain region of the model-parameter space, the vacuum of the field system is asymmetrical. Furthermore, it is shown that two-particle bound state can exist upon the asymmetric vacuum for a part of the aforementioned region. Besides, for the bosonic equivalent to the massive Schwinger model, the masses of the one boson and two-boson bound states agree with the recent second-order results of a fermion-mass perturbation calculation when the fermion mass is small.Comment: Latex, 11 pages, 8 figures (EPS files

The Supersymmetric Particle Spectrum

We examine the spectrum of supersymmetric particles predicted by grand unified theoretical (GUT) models where the electroweak symmetry breaking is accomplished radiatively. We evolve the soft supersymmetry breaking parameters according to the renormalization group equations (RGE). The minimization of the Higgs potential is conveniently described by means of tadpole diagrams. We present complete one-loop expressions for these minimization conditions, including contributions from the matter and the gauge sectors. We concentrate on the low $\tan \beta$ fixed point region (that provides a natural explanation of a large top quark mass) for which we find solutions to the RGE satisfying both experimental bounds and fine-tuning criteria. We also find that the constraint from the consideration of the lightest supersymmetric particle as the dark matter of the universe is accommodated in much of parameter space where the lightest neutralino is predominantly gaugino. The supersymmetric mass spectrum displays correlations that are model-independent over much of the GUT parameter space.Comment: 62 pages + 10 PS figures included (uuencoded), MAD/PH/80