Improvement of characterization accuracy of the nonlinear photonic crystals using finite elements-iterative method

We investigate nonlinear one- and two-dimensional photonic crystals by applying a finite element-iterative method.Numerical results show the essential influence of nonlinear elements embedded into a quarter-wave stack and the sharp photonic crystal waveguide bend on the spectral characteristics of these structures. We compare our results with those obtained in [21] from the discrete equation method for the case of a sharp waveguide bend. The comparison shows that neglecting the nonuniform field distribution inside the embedded nonlinear elements leads to overestimation of the waveguide bend transmissivity.Comment: 5 pages, 9 figure

The assessment of labor induction efficacy in inpatient department

D.L.&nbsp;Guryev1,2, M.B.&nbsp;Okhapkin2, D.D.&nbsp;Guryeva2, I.V.&nbsp;Kabanov2, M.S.&nbsp;Gureva1, L.N.&nbsp;Nidershtrat1, T.A.&nbsp;Sorokina1 1Regional Perinatal Center, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation 2Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation Aim: to assess the efficacy of labor induction using similar techniques in various groups, to determine the groups of pregnant women with the best and the worst response to labor induction, and to identify clinical anamnestic factors which reduce the efficacy of labor induction in certain groups of pregnant women. Patients and Methods: retrospective analysis of delivery case histories of 765 women admitted to the Regional Perinatal Center was performed. All women underwent labor induction according to the protocol “Cervical ripening and labor induction” developed in 2013. All women were subdivided into the groups applying a 10-group classification system of the efficacy of labor induction developed by&nbsp;T.A.&nbsp;Nippita. Labor induction was considered to be effective in case of vaginal delivery in the lack of perinatal mortality and severe postnatal asphyxia. Results: cephalic, term (39–40 weeks), multiparous women comprised the largest group (n=211, 27.6%) while non-cephalic women comprised the least group (n=16, 2.1%). Cesarean section rate following labor induction&nbsp; was maximum (n=22, 44%) in women after one previous cesarean and minimum (n=1, 4.5%) in women with multiple pregnancy. In the Regional Perinatal Center, the rate of cesarean section was 15.5% following labor induction and 20.7% without labor induction. In&nbsp;T.A.&nbsp;Nippita Center, the rate of cesarean section following labor induction was 21.0%. The rate of severe postnatal asphyxia was 5.4‰ following labor induction and 6.5‰ without labor induction (р=0.94). No postnatal mortality following labor induction was reported. Conclusions: labor induction in the Regional Perinatal Center should be considered as effective. Repeat births, cephalic presentation, more than 38 weeks of pregnancy, and multiple pregnancy improve the efficacy of labor induction. Less cervical ripening, breech presentation, and previous cesarean section reduce the efficacy of labor induction. 10-group classification system developed by&nbsp;T.A.&nbsp;Nippita provides objective analysis of the efficacy of labor induction in various groups of pregnant women to compare these findings with data derived from other institutions. Keywords: labor induction, risk factors, efficacy classification system, rate of cesarean section, natural birth. For citation: Guryev D.L., Okhapkin M.B., Guryeva D.D. et al. The assessment of labor induction efficacy in inpatient department. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(1):–15. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-1-9-15. <br

Induction and reparation of double-strand DNA breaks in V79 cells continuously exposed to low dose-rate Y-radiation

Aim: to study the patterns of changes in the number of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) in mammalian cells continuously exposed to low dose-rate y- radiation. Material and methods. Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79) were used in this study. The y- irradiation of cells at a dose rate of 0.1 mGy/min was performed using the «Gamma-Panorama» unit (Cs-137). The fluorescence immunoassay of the phosphorylated H2AX-histone (y-H2AX) foci was used to investigate the DNA DSBs formation. Frequency of apoptotic cells was evaluated using «DNA halo» assay. 5 (6) — chloromethyl-2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate was used to estimate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Results, it was showed that continuous low dose-rate irradiation of Chinese hamster V79 cells induces an increase of the y-H2AX foci number and ROS production rate at the early stages of exposure time (6-24 h, doses 3.6-14.4 cGy), while increasing exposition time and, therefore, the radiation dose (48-72 h, 28.8-43.2 cGy) caused a decrease in these endpoints to almost the control level. There was observed no significant changes in the frequency of apoptotic cells. Conclusion. It is assumed that the processes causing the DSB amount changes in mammalian cells continuously exposed to low dose-rate y-radiation are associated with the development of oxidative stress and subsequent activation of cellular antioxidant defense systems