Improving techniques for cultivating potatoes of the Smolyanochka variety in elite seed production

In our experiments, 2 methods of harvesting tops were used relative to the control (without harvesting): mechanical (mowing) and chemical (desiccation Reglon Super) for 18; 12; 6 days before harvesting potatoes. On average, over 3 years, the yield of potatoes of the Smolyanochka variety ranged from 36.2 to 47.9 t/ha. The highest yield was obtained by mowing and desiccating the tops in 12 days - 47.3-47.9 t/ha and losses of 2.6; 2.2% respectively. Research has shown that mowing and desiccating the tops 12 days before harvesting ensured the yield of the average fraction of 50-48%, respectively, and the formation of healthier tubers. The strength of the peel contributed to the reduction of losses relative to the control during storage by 0.9-4.3% and the incidence of diseases by 0.5-5.0%. The article also shows the economic efficiency of the agricultural practices used. The profitability level of ware potatoes ranged from 69 to 150% and was greatest when the tops were mowed and desiccated 12 days before harvesting

Improving techniques for cultivating potatoes of the Smolyanochka variety in elite seed production

In our experiments, 2 methods of harvesting tops were used relative to the control (without harvesting): mechanical (mowing) and chemical (desiccation Reglon Super) for 18; 12; 6 days before harvesting potatoes. On average, over 3 years, the yield of potatoes of the Smolyanochka variety ranged from 36.2 to 47.9 t/ha. The highest yield was obtained by mowing and desiccating the tops in 12 days - 47.3-47.9 t/ha and losses of 2.6; 2.2% respectively. Research has shown that mowing and desiccating the tops 12 days before harvesting ensured the yield of the average fraction of 50-48%, respectively, and the formation of healthier tubers. The strength of the peel contributed to the reduction of losses relative to the control during storage by 0.9-4.3% and the incidence of diseases by 0.5-5.0%. The article also shows the economic efficiency of the agricultural practices used. The profitability level of ware potatoes ranged from 69 to 150% and was greatest when the tops were mowed and desiccated 12 days before harvesting

КЛЕТКИ ПУРКИНЬЕ МОЗЖЕЧКА ПРИ ОТРАВЛЕНИИ КЛОЗАПИНОМ В СОЧЕТАНИИ С АЛКОГОЛЕМ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ)

Objectives. Systematization of cerebellar Purkinje cell injuries to clarify the pathogenesis of combined clozapine-alcohol poisoning and to substantiate the immediate cause of death. Material and methods. Experimental studies were performed on 25 white outbreed rats divided into 5 groups: control, group I (clozapine 3 hours), group II (clozapine 24 hours), group III (clozapine + alcohol 3 hours), group IV (clozapine+alcohol 24 hours). The assessment of Purkinje cell injury was performed using the classification of neuronal damage. Results. In the control group of animals reversible changes in Purkinje cells prevailed: primary irritation and acute swelling (15-20%). Irreversible changes were detected in 2-5%. In case of clozapine poisoning the number of Purkinje cells with irreversible changes (shrinking, karyocytolysis, severe changes, Ghost-like cells) was increased. The percentage of Purkinje cells with such changes was 30-40%. In case of combined clozapine-alcohol poisoning the percentage of irreversible Purkinje cells injury increased to 40-60% (especially 24 hours after starting the study). Quantitative differences in irreversible changes in Purkinje cells in the experimental groups were statistically significant if compared to the controls (p<0.05). Conclusion. As a result of the study the most commonly detected injuries of Purkinje cells of cerebellum in clozapine poisoning were revealed. The most prominent damage to Purkinje cells with predominance of irreversible changes were found in cases of combined clozapine-alcohol poisoning. 24-hour duration of the experiment led to the more severe Purkinje cell injuries if compared to the 3-hour duration.Цель. Систематизация повреждений клеток Пуркинье мозжечка для уточнения патогенеза комбинированного отравления клозапином в сочетании с алкоголем и обоснования непосредственной причины смерти. Материал и методы. Экспериментальные исследования проводили на 25 белых беспородных крысах, распределенных на 5 групп: контроль, группа I (клозапин 3 часа), группа II (клозапин 24 часа), группа III (клозапин + алкоголь 3 часа), группа IV (клозапин + алкоголь 24 часа). Оценку повреждений клеток Пуркинье осуществляли с использованием классификации повреждений нейронов Результаты. В контрольной группе животных преобладали обратимые изменения клеток Пуркинье - первичное раздражение, острое набухание (15-20 %). Необратимые изменения выявляли в 2-5 %. При отравлениях клозапином число клеток Пуркинье, в которых развивались необратимые изменения (сморщивание, кариоцитолиз, тяжелые изменения, «клетки тени»), возрастало. Удельный вес таких изменений клеток Пуркинье составлял 30-40 %. При отравлениях клозапином в сочетании с алкоголем число необратимых повреждений возрастало до 4060 % (особенно через 24 часа от начала эксперимента). Количественные различия необратимых изменений клеток Пуркинье в опытных группах по сравнению с контрольной группой статистически значимы (р < 0,05). Заключение. В результате проведенных исследований установлены наиболее часто выявляемые повреждения клеток Пуркинье мозжечка при отравлении клозапином. Более выраженные повреждения клеток Пуркинье, с преобладанием необратимых изменений, обнаруживаются при сочетанном отравлении клозапином и алкоголем. Продолжительность эксперимента длительностью 24 часа приводит к более тяжелым изменениям клеток Пуркинье по сравнению с 3-часовой продолжительностью опыта