Сравнение физико-химических свойств анестетиков, содержащих артикаин, применяемых в стоматологии

The article presents the results of the comparative determination of the quality of four articainecontaining anesthetics. The studies were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography (to determine the content of the active substance and impurities), nuclear magnetic resonance (for the determination of optical isomers (enantiomers)) and potentiometry (to adjust the pH of the drug solution). It was found that the studied drugs do not differ in the quantitative content of the active substance - articaine - and correspond to the requirements of the regulatory documents. The analysis showed the difference in the qualitative and quantitative content of the impurities. It was found that all the samples contained articaine as an equimolar mixture of R/S enantiomers. The pH of the aqueous solutions of the articaine-containing anesthetics varies from 3.37 to 3.96.В статье представлены результаты сравнительного определения показателей качества четырех анестетиков, содержащих артикаин. Исследования проводились с применением методов высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (для определения содержания активного вещества и примесей), ядерного магнитного резонанса (для определения оптических изомеров (энантиомеров)) и потенциометрии (для установления pH раствора препарата). Установлено, что изучаемые препараты практически не отличаются по количественному содержанию действующего вещества - артикаина и соответствуют требованиям нормативной документации. Анализ на примеси показал разницу как в качественном, так и в количественном их содержании. Обнаружено, что во всех образцах артикаин содержится в виде эквимолярной смеси R/S-энантиомеров. Значения рН водных растворов артикоинсодержащих анестетиков варьируют от 3.37 до 3.96

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICALY ACTIVE COMPONENTS IN MIXTURE OF MULTIVITAMIN RAW MATERIAL OF FOLIA URTICAE AND FRUCTUS SORBI (REVIEW)

The article presents the chemical composition of medicinal plants the mixture of the multivitamin raw material. The methods of identification biologically active compounds, depending on their nature, such as the qualitative of the reaction, thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography are considered. Methods of quantitative definition as separate components of a metabolom of folia Urticae and fructus Sorbi, and total content of biologically active connections are given

APPLICATION OF THROUGH STANDARDIZATION PRINCIPLE IN THE ANALYSIS OF FLAVONOIDS MОTHERWORT (<i>LEONURUS</i>, L.) HERB AND IT'S PREPARATION

The article presents data on the development of methods of quantitative determination of total flavonoids in the motherwort (Leonurus, L.) herb, infusion and tincture spectrophotometric method. The features and applications of differential photometry "through" standardization of medicinal plants and drugs based on it. It is proved, that adding acid leads to the formation of complexes of flavonoids with aluminum chloride in a ratio of 1:1

DEFINITION OF CYTOSTATIC EFFECT OF PROTARGOLUM SOLUTIONS IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS ON HUMAN DERMAL FIBROBLASTS

This article presents the data on the effect of protargolum solutions in different concentrations on human dermal fibroblasts. For evaluation of the metabolic activity of the cells MTT-test was used. This test is based on the ability of NAD-H-adjective oxydoreductases to represent the amount of viable cells. It was determined, that the critical concentration of protargolum solution, responsible for inhibitory effect on fibroblasts proliferation is on the range 2 · 10-2 - 5 · 10-1 mg/ml

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALISIS OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN MIXTURE OF MULTIVITAMIN RAW MATERIAL

The article presents the results of a qualitative analysis of organic acids in the mixture of the multivitamin raw material № 2. Thin layer chromatography method was confirmed to contain apple, citric and ascorbic acids. Quantitative analysis of the amount of organic acids and ascorbic acid was conducted by potentiometric titration method developed by the authors. The results were compared with the datas of the indicator titration and coulometry. The advantage of using a potentiometer to more accurately establish the endpoint was showed

ВЛИЯНИЕ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ НА КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫЕ ПРИЗНАКИ BRASSICA CHINENSIS L. И СОДЕРЖАНИЕ НЕКОТОРЫХ АНТИОКСИДАНТОВ

Brassica chinensis L. (Chinese cabbage) is non-traditional crop in the Russian agriculture, which, even under adverse climatic conditions provides a good yield. Its yield reaches 4.5 kg/m2, it is rich in ascorbic acid (up to 110 mg per 100 g of crude material), carotene (2.5 mg per 100 g of crude material) and selenium (up to 134 mcg/kg of dry mass), which are active natural antioxidants and essential elements of the adaptive and protective systems of a living organism. A number of valuable traits of Brassica chinensis L. (early maturing crop, extremely low-temperature resistance, and high yield) are promising for the widespread of Chinese cabbagefor industrial use. The use of biologically active substances to improve the productivity and biochemical content of Chines cabbage is an important element for better adaptation in new regions and the development of agro-technological techniques. In the Moscow region, we studied the effect of sodium selenate and Amaranthine on morphological and biochemical traits of Chinese cabbage cultivars. We determined the level of a 10-5 M of influence of biologically active substances on the number and leaf area, weightof plants, the content of ascorbic acid and selenium. Results showed varying effects on different varieties after the applicationof biological products. So, for the cultivars Slo-bai-kod u-74, Kurihara shantungu-167, Bas-tsin-tatsai u-166 and the standard cultivar - Vesnianka, the use of Amaranthine lead to an increase of leaf area, while it was a decrease of leaf area for cultivars - Hiroshima haruna u-113 and Chrysanthemum u-154. The analysis of selenium accumulation in the treated plants showed an increase of the antioxidant content by 3-4 times compared to the control. Sodium selenate treatment on Chinese cabbage cultivars showed an increase of vitamin C content in most samples, with an average increase of 13-14%. The most responsive to treatment were the cultivars - Chrysanthemum heart u-154, Jap. Banse maruba mibuna u-176 and Bas-tsin-tatsai u-166 in which the content of ascorbic acid increased by 29%,44% and 54% respectively. We highlight the usefulness to develop high-quality technology to apply biologically active substances (growth regulators) to increase yield and nutritional value of Brassica chinensis L.Brassica chinensis L. (капуста китайская) является не очень известной в России листовой культурой, которая даже при неблагоприятных погодных условиях дает хорошую овощную продукцию. Её урожайность достигает 4,5 кг/кв.м, она богата аскорбиновой кислотой (до 110 мг на 100 г сырого вещества), каротином (до 2,5 мг на 100 г сырого вещества) и селеном (до 134 мкг/кг сухой массы), которые являются активными природны! ми антиоксидантами и важными элементами защитных и адаптивных систем живого организма. Ряд ценных качеств Brassica chinensis L. (исключительная скороспелость, холодостойкость, достаточно высокая урожай! ность) делают перспективным распространение этой культуры для промышленного использования. Исполь! зование биологически активных веществ для повышения хозяйственных и биохимических признаков капусты китайской является важным элементом в адаптации новых растений и разработке сортовых агротехнологий. В Московской области изучено влияние амарантина и селената натрия на морфологические и биохимические признаки растений капусты китайской. Выяснен уровень влияния биологически активных веществ в концен! трации 10!5 M на количество и площадь листьев, массу растений, содержание аскорбиновой кислоты и селе! на. Показана неоднозначная реакция различных сортов на обработку биопрепаратами. Так, у сортообразцов Slo!bai!kod u!74, Kurihara shantungu!167, Bas!tsin!tatsai u!166 и у сорта!стандарта Веснянка при обра! ботке амарантином повышались площадь листьев, а у Hiroshima haruna. u!113 и Chrysanthemum u!154 - снижалась. Изучение накопления селена в обработанных растениях показало, что содержание этого антиок! сиданта повышалось в 3!4 раза по сравнению с контролем. Анализ влияния обработки селенатом натрия на изменение содержания в растениях китайской капусты витамина С показал, что такая обработка повышает содержание этого витамина у большинства образцов. В среднем прибавка составила 13!14%. Наиболее отзывчивыми на обработку оказались сорта Chrysanthemum heart u!154, Jap. Banse maruba mibuna u!176 и Bas!tsin!tatsai u!166, в которых содержание аскорбиновой кислоты увеличилось на 29%, 44% и 54% соответственно. Выявлена целесообразность в разработке сортовой технологии применения биологически активных веществ (регуляторов роста) для повышения урожайности и пищевой ценности Brassica chinensis L

Comparison of physico-chemical characteristics of some articaine-containing anesthetics used in stomatology

The article presents the results of the comparative determination of the quality of four articainecontaining anesthetics. The studies were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography (to determine the content of the active substance and impurities), nuclear magnetic resonance (for the determination of optical isomers (enantiomers)) and potentiometry (to adjust the pH of the drug solution). It was found that the studied drugs do not differ in the quantitative content of the active substance - articaine - and correspond to the requirements of the regulatory documents. The analysis showed the difference in the qualitative and quantitative content of the impurities. It was found that all the samples contained articaine as an equimolar mixture of R/S enantiomers. The pH of the aqueous solutions of the articaine-containing anesthetics varies from 3.37 to 3.96

Unidirectional fluxes of monovalent ions in human erythrocytes compared with lymphoid U937 cells: Transient processes after stopping the sodium pump and in response to osmotic challenge.

Recently, we have developed software that allows, using a minimum of required experimental data, to find the characteristics of ion homeostasis and a list of all unidirectional fluxes of monovalent ions through the main pathways in the cell membrane both in a balanced state and during the transient processes. Our approach has been successfully validated in human proliferating lymphoid U937 cells during transient processes after stopping the Na/K pump by ouabain and for staurosporine-induced apoptosis. In present study, we used this approach to find the characteristics of ion homeostasis and the monovalent ion fluxes through the cell membrane of human erythrocytes in a resting state and during the transient processes after stopping the Na/K pump with ouabain and in response to osmotic challenge. Due to their physiological significance, erythrocytes remain the object of numerous studies, both experimental and computational methods. Calculations showed that, under physiological conditions, the K+ fluxes through electrodiffusion channels in the entire erythrocyte ion balance is small compared to the fluxes through the Na/K pump and cation-chloride cotransporters. The proposed computer program well predicts the dynamics of the erythrocyte ion balance disorders after stopping the Na/K pump with ouabain. In full accordance with predictions, transient processes in human erythrocytes are much slower than in proliferating cells such as lymphoid U937 cells. Comparison of real changes in the distribution of monovalent ions under osmotic challenge with the calculated ones indicates a change in the parameters of the ion transport pathways through the plasma membrane of erythrocytes in this case. The proposed approach may be useful in studying the mechanisms of various erythrocyte dysfunctions

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Three-Dimensional Cell Culture: Ion Homeostasis and Ouabain-Induced Apoptosis

This study describes the changes in ion homeostasis of human endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSCs) during the formation of three-dimensional (3D) cell structures (spheroids) and investigates the conditions for apoptosis induction in 3D eMSCs. Detached from the monolayer culture, (2D) eMSCs accumulate Na+ and have dissipated transmembrane ion gradients, while in compact spheroids, eMSCs restore the lower Na+ content and the high K/Na ratio characteristic of functionally active cells. Organized as spheroids, eMSCs are non-proliferating cells with an active Na/K pump and a lower K+ content per g cell protein, which is typical for quiescent cells and a mean lower water content (lower hydration) in 3D eMSCs. Further, eMSCs in spheroids were used to evaluate the role of K+ depletion and cellular signaling context in the induction of apoptosis. In both 2D and 3D eMSCs, treatment with ouabain (1 &micro;M) results in inhibition of pump-mediated K+ uptake and severe K+ depletion as well as disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In 3D eMSCs (but not in 2D eMSCs), ouabain initiates apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. It is concluded that, when blocking the Na/K pump, cardiac glycosides prime mitochondria to apoptosis, and whether a cell enters the apoptotic pathway depends on the cell-specific signaling context, which includes the type of apoptotic protein expressed

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Three-Dimensional Cell Culture: Ion Homeostasis and Ouabain-Induced Apoptosis

This study describes the changes in ion homeostasis of human endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSCs) during the formation of three-dimensional (3D) cell structures (spheroids) and investigates the conditions for apoptosis induction in 3D eMSCs. Detached from the monolayer culture, (2D) eMSCs accumulate Na+ and have dissipated transmembrane ion gradients, while in compact spheroids, eMSCs restore the lower Na+ content and the high K/Na ratio characteristic of functionally active cells. Organized as spheroids, eMSCs are non-proliferating cells with an active Na/K pump and a lower K+ content per g cell protein, which is typical for quiescent cells and a mean lower water content (lower hydration) in 3D eMSCs. Further, eMSCs in spheroids were used to evaluate the role of K+ depletion and cellular signaling context in the induction of apoptosis. In both 2D and 3D eMSCs, treatment with ouabain (1 µM) results in inhibition of pump-mediated K+ uptake and severe K+ depletion as well as disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In 3D eMSCs (but not in 2D eMSCs), ouabain initiates apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. It is concluded that, when blocking the Na/K pump, cardiac glycosides prime mitochondria to apoptosis, and whether a cell enters the apoptotic pathway depends on the cell-specific signaling context, which includes the type of apoptotic protein expressed