Ecological approaches of environmental chemicals Proceedings

SIGLECopy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Analysenverfahren zur Erfassung von Schadstoffkonzentrationen (Organohalogene) in der Umwelt Abschlussdatum: 31.12.1985

TIB: RN 8908 (84-131) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Standortprofile schwerfluechtiger chlorierter Kohlenwasserstoffe (SCKW) -ursachenorientiertes Monitoring in aquatischen Medien. Bd. 2 SCKW in Oberflaechenwasser, Sediment, Schwebstoffen und Fischen aus der Elbe und Nebenfluessen

Evaluating the primary data from ARGE ELBE, LAU Halle/Saale and the Environmental Specimen Banking (Umweltprobenbank) as well from publications from the Czech Republic (CHMU) the concentrations of the following low volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons were established for surface water, sediment, breams and eels from the rivers Elbe, Schwarze Elster, Mulde and Saale partly from 1989 till 1999: DDT and its metabolites DDE and DDD, partly as 2,4'- and 4,4' isomers; HCH (#alpha#-, #beta#-, #gamma#- and #delta# isomers); chlorinated benzenes with 1-6 Cl atoms and octachlorostyrene. The data evaluated were drawn up into tables - comprehensive in a separate supplement, in short versions within the text - and consolidated into graphs. Aim of the paper was a cause-oriented monitoring. The by far most important emission sources, found from the distance and time profiles as well as from special assessments of the substance patterns, were chemical plants. (orig.)Durch Auswertung von Primaerdaten der ARGE ELBE, des LAU Halle/Saale und der Umweltprobenbank sowie von Publikationen aus Tschechien (CHMU) wurden fuer Oberflaechenwasser, Sediment, Brassen/Bleien und Aale aus der Elbe, Schwarzen Elster, Mulde und Saale fuer die Jahre von z.T. 1989 bis 1999 die Konzentrationen der folgenden schwerfluechtigen Kohlenwasserstoffe (SCKW) ermittelt: DDT und seine Metabolite DDE und DDD, z.T. als 2,4'- und 4,4'-Isomere; HCH (#alpha#-, #beta#-, #gamma#- und #delta#-Isomere); chlorierte Benzole mit 1-6 Cl-Atomen und Octachlorstyrol. Die ausgewerteten Daten wurden zu Tabellen - ausfuehrlich in einem gesonderten Tabellenanhang und verkuerzt im Textteil - zusammengestellt sowie zu Grafiken verdichtet. Ziel der Arbeit war ein ursachenorientiertes Monitoring. Als mit Abstand wesentlichste Emissionsquellen konnten anhand von Streckenprofilen und Zeitrastern sowie durch spezielle Auswertungen der Stoffmusterverteilungen Chemibetriebe ermittelt werden. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: RO 2674(2001,09) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

High molecular diversity of extraterrestrial organic matter in Murchison meteorite revealed 40 years after its fall

Numerous descriptions of organic molecules present in the Murchison meteorite have improved our understanding of the early interstellar chemistry that operated at or just before the birth of our solar system. However, all molecular analyses were so far targeted toward selected classes of compounds with a particular emphasis on biologically active components in the context of prebiotic chemistry. Here we demonstrate that a nontargeted ultrahigh-resolution molecular analysis of the solvent-accessible organic fraction of Murchison extracted under mild conditions allows one to extend its indigenous chemical diversity to tens of thousands of different molecular compositions and likely millions of diverse structures. This molecular complexity, which provides hints on heteroatoms chronological assembly, suggests that the extraterrestrial chemodiversity is high compared to terrestrial relevant biological- and biogeochemical-driven chemical space

Einfluesse der Formulierungshilfsstoffe von Pflanzenbehandlungsmitteln auf Boeden

The influence of solvents and surfactants/formulation additives on microbial activity of soils was studied using soil samples from Berlin irrigation fields. The parameters of the microbial activity were dehydrogenase activity (DHA), acid phosphatase activity (SPA) and substrate induced activity (SIR). The solvents ethanol, xylene and petroleum did not show any toxic effects up to concentrations of 1000 mg/kg soil. While the formulation additive Soprophor and the cationic surfactant DSDMAC were only toxic at very high concentrations (1000 mg/kg soil), concentrations as low as 50 mg/kg for nonylphenol and LAS caused an observable damage of the microflora. Marlophen 812 became more toxic with increasing metabolization, i.e. with decomposition of the hydrophilic part of the molecule. The second part of the study was concerned with the influence of the surfactants on the mobility of organic substances, which entered the soil through anthropogenic activity, as well as on soil nutrients and heavy metals. With decreasing water solubility the mobility of the substances was strongly related to the mobilization of organic soil material. Coadsorption of the humic substances with the cationic surfactant DSDMAC reduces the organic carbon content of the soil solution distinctly. This involves increasing mobilization of the examined substances. Anionic surfactants increase mobilization of humic substances and thus, cause higher contents of the pollutants in soil solution. Similar effects occur with the nonionic surfactant NPEO and with SoprophorAlso published as Umweltbundesamt. Texte, v. 28/94SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RN 8908(93-127) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Erfassung organischer Chemikalien biogenen und anthropogenen Ursprungs in unterschiedlich belasteten Regionen mit und ohne Waldschaeden Endbericht

Available from TIB Hannover: FR 1766 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman