SODIUM REABSORPTION ESTIMATION FOR EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL STATE OF TRANSPLANTED KIDNEY

Sodium reabsorption and sodium consumption (daily sodium excretion) were studied in 63 health volunteers and 100 recipients of kidney allografts. We elaborated the nomogramm for definition of sodium reabsorption with confidence interval 95% and proposed to use T-score CNa/GFR for a quantitative estimation of sodium reabsorption. There was a direct line dependence between sodium fractional excretion (CNa/GFR) and T-score CNa/GFR in kidney allograft recipients with good function and chronic rejection of kidney allograft (R = 0,86; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,593 + 0,64x; R = 0,97; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,147 + 1,146х and R = 0,97; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,21 + 0,69х, respectively). In recipients with good function of kidney allograft the regression coefficient was significantly higher, than in health volunteers (р < 0,01). In the group of recipients with chronic transplant rejection a free member of regression equation was significantly higher, than in health volunteers (р < 0,01). Consequently, exactness of sodium reabsorption estimation after kidney transplantation is not sufficient without calculation of sodium consumption

Bilingualism and biculturalism and teaching of modern languages: point of view of a teacher of french from Russia

More than 50% of the world's inhabitants are bilingual, and this percentage is expected to be increasing due to the increasing global mobility. Some people are bilingual because of the characteristics of their families, others because of migration, or because they live in a border area or a country that has several languages. Bilingualism is extremely widespread in Russia and in France. In this article, the actual and complex phenomenon of bilingualism in the contemporary cultural situation, in particular in the teaching of foreign languages, is considere

Development of Filters with Minimal Hydraulic Resistance for Underground Water Intakes

The development of modern structures of water wells filtering equipment with enhanced performance characteristics is a vital task. The purpose of this work was to create filters for taking water from underground sources that have high performance, long service life, quickly and economically replace or repair in case of performance loss. The selection of the filter device must be made taking into account all the geological features of the aquifers, the performance characteristics of the filter devices and the size of the future structure. Filter equipment designs for water intake wells have been developed in this study. These filters have low hydraulic resistance, high performance and are easy to repair. This article presents the dependency of flow inside the receiving part of the well, the dependence of filter resistance at various forms of the cross section of the filter wire and the selected optimal section. The paper proposes a method for selecting the optimal cross-section of the filter wire used in the manufacture of a water well filter. The proposed structures of easy-to-remove well filters with increased productivity allow replacing the sealed well filter with a new one easily, reducing capital and operating costs, and increasing the inter-repair periods of their operation. Based on the presented method, examples are given for selecting the parameters of the filter wire cross-section. The above calculations showed that the use of the hydraulic resistance criterion at the design stage of underground water intakes can significantly reduce the cost of well construction. Studies have found that the minimum hydraulic resistance to ensure maximum filter performance is achieved when using filter wire teardrop and elliptical shapes

On the Cauchy Problem for the Korteweg-de Vries Equation with Steplike Finite-Gap Initial Data I. Schwartz-Type Perturbations

We solve the Cauchy problem for the Korteweg-de Vries equation with initial conditions which are steplike Schwartz-type perturbations of finite-gap potentials under the assumption that the respective spectral bands either coincide or are disjoint.Comment: 29 page

РАЗРАБОТКА МЕТОДА ОЦЕНКИ РЕАБСОРБЦИИ НАТРИЯ ДЛЯ ВЫЯСНЕНИЯ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПЕРЕСАЖЕННОЙ ПОЧКИ

Sodium reabsorption and sodium consumption (daily sodium excretion) were studied in 63 health volunteers and 100 recipients of kidney allografts. We elaborated the nomogramm for definition of sodium reabsorption with confidence interval 95% and proposed to use T-score CNa/GFR for a quantitative estimation of sodium reabsorption. There was a direct line dependence between sodium fractional excretion (CNa/GFR) and T-score CNa/GFR in kidney allograft recipients with good function and chronic rejection of kidney allograft (R = 0,86; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,593 + 0,64x; R = 0,97; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,147 + 1,146х and R = 0,97; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,21 + 0,69х, respectively). In recipients with good function of kidney allograft the regression coefficient was significantly higher, than in health volunteers (р < 0,01). In the group of recipients with chronic transplant rejection a free member of regression equation was significantly higher, than in health volunteers (р < 0,01). Consequently, exactness of sodium reabsorption estimation after kidney transplantation is not sufficient without calculation of sodium consumption. На материале исследования 63 здоровых добровольцев разработана номограмма зависимости экскрети- руемой фракции Na (CNa/GFR) от его суточной экскреции с доверительными интервалами 95%. Пред- ложено использовать T-score CNa/GFR для количественного определения состояния реабсорбции Na. У 100 реципиентов аллотрансплантированной почки (АТП) обнаружена, как и у здоровых, прямая ли- нейная зависимость между CNa/GFR и T-score CNa/GFR при удовлетворительной функции (УФТ) и хро- ническом отторжении (ХОТ) почечного трансплантата (R = 0,86; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,593 + 0,64x; R = 0,97; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,147 + 1,146х и R = 0,96; р < 0,01; Yx = 0,21 + 0,69х соответственно). Выявлено у реципиентов АТП с УФТ по сравнению со здоровыми достоверное увеличение коэффициента регрессии (р < 0,01), а на фоне ХОТ – достоверное уменьшение свободного члена уравнения регрессии (р < 0,01). Следовательно, оценка реабсорбции Na после АТП неточна без измерения суточной экскреции Na.

КОСТНЫЙ ОБМЕН И МИНЕРАЛЬНАЯ ПЛОТНОСТЬ КОСТНОЙ ТКАНИ ПОЯСНИЧНЫХ ПОЗВОНКОВ У ЖЕНЩИН С ПЕРВИЧНЫМ БИЛИАРНЫМ ЦИРРОЗОМ ДО И ПОСЛЕ ОРТОТОПИЧЕСКОЙ ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИИ ПЕЧЕНИ

Aim. To elucidate the role of cholestasis and menopausal status in the development of osteoporosis in women with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) before and after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Methods and re- sults. There were fulfilled 74 estimations of biochemical markers of bone metabolism, estrogen (E2), parathy- roid hormone (PTH) endogenous secretion so as mineral content of lumbar vertebras in 21 women with PBC (10 women before and 17 in different terms after OLT). Bone turnover disturbances were characterized by delay of bone formation associated with hyperbilirubinaemia before OLT while increased bone turnover following OLT. Bone resorption markers correlated inversely with E2 in postmenopausal women and positively with PTH in premenopausal women. Conclusion. Bone wastes degree depended on hard and duration of disease before OLT so as menopausal status after OLT. In postmenopausal women bone wastes were associated with degree of endogenous E2 decreasing, increased bone turnover, and graft dysfunction. Цель исследования: изучение роли холестаза и менопаузального статуса в развитии остеопороза у женщин с первичным билиарным циррозом (ПБЦ) до и после ортотопической трансплантации печени (ОТП). Методы и результаты. У 21 женщины с ПБЦ (у 10 до и у 17 в различные сроки после ОТП) исследовали в динамике (74 исследования) биохимические маркеры костного обмена, минеральную плотность кости поясничных по- звонков, а также эндогенную секрецию эстрадиола (Е2) и паратиреоидного гормона (ПТГ). Нарушения кост- ного обмена до ОТП характеризовались подавлением костного формирования, связанным с гипербилируби- немией, после ОТП – ускорением костного обмена. Маркеры костной резорбции коррелировали обратно с секрецией Е2 у женщин в постменопаузе и прямо с секрецией ПТГ у женщин в пременопаузе. Заключение. До ОТП выраженность костных потерь была связана с тяжестью и продолжительностью холестаза, а после ОТП, кроме того, и с менопаузальным статусом. Костные потери у женщин в постменопаузе зависели от степени снижения эндогенной секреции Е2, ускорения костного обмена и дисфункции трансплантата.