Current vire on the biliary insufficiency syndrome

Summary: The article presents the results of a study of bile formation and secretion in various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. There is a definition of biliary insufficiency syndrome as a polyetiologic set of symptoms typical for a majority of diseases of the digestive system. The leading pathogenetic link in the development of the disease is the change in the amount of bile and reduced secretion of bile acids into the intestine within an hour after the introduction of the stimulant

Evaluating the effectiveness of a new drug combination in the eradication therapy for duodenal ulcer

Peptic ulcer (PU) remains the most common disease of the gastrointestinal tract. There is evidence of the pathogenic role of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in this process. PU associated with HP is an indication for eradication therapy

COMBINATION THERAPY OF EROSIVE FORM OF GERD IN PATIENTS WITH THE MIXED CHARACTER OF RELUCTATE

The article presents the result of study of the effectiveness of a new drug dexlansoprazole in combination with the drug ursodeoxycholic acid in the group of patients with erosive esophagitis, with mixed reflux, as defined by results of 24-hour pHimpedance metering. Dynamics of clinical symptoms and endoscopic pattern when taking different doses of UDCA of primary and supportive therapy is monitored

Prognosis of radionuclid contamination spreading on the site of Temporary Waste Storage of RRC “Kurchatov Institute"

In a period between 1943 and 1974 radioactive wastes were temporary buried on a special site on the territory of RRC “Kurchatov Institute". The site monitoring held since the end of the 80s showed that contaminants are located not only on the surface and in the ground but they have also spread in groundwater. The paper presents preliminary results of the work on development of numerical models of radioactive contamination migration the waste disposal site. The objectives of the work were to evaluate the existing contamination plume, to determine mechanisms of contaminant migration on the site and to develop a numerical model of radioactive contamination transport that would allow correctly predicting further plume spreading for making necessary engineering decisions. Based on laboratory findings and radiation monitoring data obtained at the waste disposal site and its adjacent areas, there were determined the site hydrogeological structure and parameters, and a geoinformation database was developed. Three-dimensional numerical models of groundwater flow (using the MODFLOW code) and mass transport (using the MT3DMS code) were built and verified against field measurements. Using these models, preliminary predictions of radionuclide migration from the waste disposal site were made

Wide-scale identification of novel/eliminated genes responsible for evolutionary transformations

Abstract Background It is generally accepted that most evolutionary transformations at the phenotype level are associated either with rearrangements of genomic regulatory elements, which control the activity of gene networks, or with changes in the amino acid contents of proteins. Recently, evidence has accumulated that significant evolutionary transformations could also be associated with the loss/emergence of whole genes. The targeted identification of such genes is a challenging problem for both bioinformatics and evo-devo research. Results To solve this problem we propose the WINEGRET method, named after the first letters of the title. Its main idea is to search for genes that satisfy two requirements: first, the desired genes were lost/emerged at the same evolutionary stage at which the phenotypic trait of interest was lost/emerged, and second, the expression of these genes changes significantly during the development of the trait of interest in the model organism. To verify the first requirement, we do not use existing databases of orthologs, but rely purely on gene homology and local synteny by using some novel quickly computable conditions. Genes satisfying the second requirement are found by deep RNA sequencing. As a proof of principle, we used our method to find genes absent in extant amniotes (reptiles, birds, mammals) but present in anamniotes (fish and amphibians), in which these genes are involved in the regeneration of large body appendages. As a result, 57 genes were identified. For three of them, c-c motif chemokine 4, eotaxin-like, and a previously unknown gene called here sod4, essential roles for tail regeneration were demonstrated. Noteworthy, we established that the latter gene belongs to a novel family of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutases lost by amniotes, SOD4. Conclusions We present a method for targeted identification of genes whose loss/emergence in evolution could be associated with the loss/emergence of a phenotypic trait of interest. In a proof-of-principle study, we identified genes absent in amniotes that participate in body appendage regeneration in anamniotes. Our method provides a wide range of opportunities for studying the relationship between the loss/emergence of phenotypic traits and the loss/emergence of specific genes in evolution