B-lymphocyte aggregation in the lung tissue is a pathogenic factor in experimental infection caused by Mycobacterium avium

When infecting the lungs with Mycobacterium avium of B6 line mice genetically susceptible to this infection the compact aggregates (follicles) of B-lymphocytes are formed with the peak at the 11-13th week after the infection. Physiological role of these cellular accumulations remained unclear. Having applied segregative genetic analysis to allele conglutination of Slc11a1 gene with two signs – quantity of mycobacteria and accumulation of B-cellular follicles to the F2 mice from crossing (В6 × I/St), one managed to find out that the quantity and size of follicles directly correlate with M. avium replication in the lungs. Thus this type of the lung tissue infiltration does not protect the host from infection and it is a pathogenic factor

CHANGING SCHOOL-BASED ANXIETY DURING PHYSICAL EDUCATION, TAKING THE INDIVIDUAL TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH INTO ACCOUNT

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to identify changes in school-based anxiety in children aged 12 – 13 during their physical education using a special Program for the individual typological approach implementation. Methodology: Two groups had been formed: reference and experimental (25 people each); three methods were used (Method for studying individual typological peculiarities of middle-school children by A. Belov, Method of Kondash's anxiety scale (1973), and Method of identifying general physical education of students); diagnostic testing of physical fitness was conducted (long jump from the spot; lifting the body in 30 sec. (press); push-up (girls); pulling up on the crossbar (boys); running 30 meters, shuttle running 3x10; bending forward from a sitting position). Main Findings: The results of the study have been statistically processed with Excel 2000 and STATISTICA 8.0, using the Student's t-test for dependent and independent samples. The M average has been found; the differences have been considered significant at p < 0.05. Applications of this study: The Program for the individual typological approach implementation has been compiled with an emphasis on reducing school-based anxiety in children aged 12 – 13; its features, objectives, indicators, criteria, content, and forms of implementation have been substantiated; a set of general physical exercises has been developed for each type of temperament, which includes the exercises for some groups of muscles of the upper shoulder girdle, back muscles, abdomen, and hips. Novelty/Originality of this study: The significant improvement in the physical fitness of students from the experimental group compared to the reference one identified during the term proves the efficiency of the implemented physical education program, taking into account the individual typological approach to the personality of adolescents with an emphasis on reducing their school-based anxiety. The results of the study have allowed formulating recommendations for improving the approaches to conducting physical education classes

Training Higher School Students in Rapid Prototyping Technology as a Final Stage of Their Preparation for Innovative Activities

Introduction. The methodological systems of preparation for innovative engineering activity involve the involvement of students in all stages of the innovation cycle, including obtaining an intangible innovative product. However, the inability to obtain in students a material innovative product reduces the effectiveness of the preparation of these systems. The purpose of this study is to create a methodical system for preparing students for innovative research activities based on their involvement in all stages of obtaining a material innovative product using additive technologies. Materials and Methods. For writing the article the authors used the main points of the integrated approach to learning (integration of theoretical and practical training of innovative research activities and interdisciplinary integration of various branches of science (pedagogy, mathematical modeling, 3D modeling, additive technologies, innovation). Results. The methodical system of training students of technical higher education institution has been created and implemented, ensuring their involvement in all stages of the innovation cycle due to the use of rapid prototyping technologies. The effectiveness of technologies is confirmed by the results of the pedagogical experiment. Discussion and Conclusions. The performed researches allowed to create a methodical system for training students of technical universities of innovative research activities based on rapid prototyping technologies. This method significantly improves the effectiveness of training. It ensures the participation of students in all stages of obtaining a material innovative product: during the study of the course, and during classroom sessions. This method was developed and tested for the implementation at National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University. It provides the practical significance of the study considered in the article. Further development of the material presented in the article can be related to the expansion of the infrastructure of the Rapid Pro university center for designing and prototyping and attracting students to manufacturing industrial products

Simultaneous down-regulation of tumor suppressor genes RBSP3/CTDSPL, NPRL2/G21 and RASSF1A in primary non-small cell lung cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The short arm of human chromosome 3 is involved in the development of many cancers including lung cancer. Three bona fide lung cancer tumor suppressor genes namely <it>RBSP3 </it>(AP20 region),<it>NPRL2 </it>and <it>RASSF1A </it>(LUCA region) were identified in the 3p21.3 region. We have shown previously that homozygous deletions in AP20 and LUCA sub-regions often occurred in the same tumor (P < 10^-6).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We estimated the quantity of <it>RBSP3, NPRL2, RASSF1A, GAPDH, RPN1 </it>mRNA and <it>RBSP3 </it>DNA copy number in 59 primary non-small cell lung cancers, including 41 squamous cell and 18 adenocarcinomas by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction based on TaqMan technology and relative quantification.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We evaluated the relationship between mRNA level and clinicopathologic characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer. A significant expression decrease (≥2) was found for all three genes early in tumor development: in 85% of cases for <it>RBSP3</it>; 73% for <it>NPRL2 </it>and 67% for <it>RASSF1A </it>(P < 0.001), more strongly pronounced in squamous cell than in adenocarcinomas. Strong suppression of both, <it>NPRL2 </it>and <it>RBSP3 </it>was seen in 100% of cases already at Stage I of squamous cell carcinomas. Deregulation of <it>RASSF1A </it>correlated with tumor progression of squamous cell (P = 0.196) and adenocarcinomas (P < 0.05). Most likely, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms might be responsible for transcriptional inactivation of <it>RBSP3 </it>in non-small cell lung cancers as promoter methylation of <it>RBSP3 </it>according to NotI microarrays data was detected in 80% of squamous cell and in 38% of adenocarcinomas. With NotI microarrays we tested how often LUCA (<it>NPRL2, RASSF1A</it>) and AP20 (<it>RBSP3</it>) regions were deleted or methylated in the same tumor sample and found that this occured in 39% of all studied samples (P < 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our data support the hypothesis that these TSG are involved in tumorigenesis of NSCLC. Both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to down-regulation of these three genes representing two tumor suppressor clusters in 3p21.3. Most importantly expression of <it>RBSP3, NPRL2 </it>and <it>RASSF1A </it>was simultaneously decreased in the same sample of primary NSCLC: in 39% of cases all these three genes showed reduced expression (P < 0.05).</p

ЛИКОПИН И β-КАРОТИН ТОМАТА

The high antioxidant activity in tomato fruits is caused not only by sufficient content of vitamin C and polyphenols but also the carotenoids and the fat soluble antioxidants. Lycopene and beta-carotene are the main fat-soluble antioxidants, the consumption of which influences positively on human’s health. It is known that tomato fruits are the source of lycopene for human diet, providing up to 85% of the total lycopene in food. The breeding program for tomato cultivars with high content of carotenoids is a very important task for breeders. In our study the content of betacarotene and lycopene was assessed in 18 tomato accessions with red, pink, yellow and orange fruits obtained in Solanaceae Breeding Laboratory at VNIISSOK. All plants were grown in experimental open field in Odintsovo region, Moscow oblast, VNIISSOK. It was revealed that the typical concentration ratio of lycopene to beta-carotene for pink and red fruits was 1.5 to 10.25, but for yellow and orange fruits was 0 to 0.63. Highest ratio was observed in red fruits in line 230-16. The highest lycopene content was found in red fruits of tree type tomato lines 198-16 and 86F1 (11.5 and 8.7 g/100g. respectively). The highest content of betacarotene was in yellow fruits of line 53-16 F1 (4.1 mg/100g) and orange fruits of line 184-16 (6.2 mg/100g). All studied accessions with orange fruits had the higher content of beta-carotene than in standard and highest content of lycopene in this group of accessions. Thus, these fruits had the high nutritional value. The balanced content of lycopene and beta-carotene and low acidity in pink and yellow-orange tomato fruits makes these cultivars the most valuable for children’s diet and people with problems of digestive system.Высокая антиоксидантная активность плодов томата обусловлена не только значительным содержанием витамина С и полифенолов, но также и жирорастворимых антиоксидантов – каротиноидов. Ликопин и β-каротин составляют важнейшие жирорастворимые антиоксиданты томатов, употребление которых оказывает мощное положительное действие на человеческий организм. Известно, что плоды томата являются основным источником ликопина для человека, обеспечивая до 85% всего ликопина, поступающего с пищей. Создание новых сортов томата с повышенным содержанием каротиноидов является приоритетной задачей селекционеров. В нашем исследовании установлено содержание β-каротина и ликопина у 18 сортообразцов красных, розовых, желтых и оранжевых томатов селекции лаборатории пасленовых культур ВНИИССОК. Растения выращивали в открытом грунте на экспериментальных полях ВНИИССОК в Одинцовском районе Московской области. Выявлено характерное соотношение содержания ликопина/β-каротина для розовых и красных плодов: от 1,5 до 10,25 и для желтых и оранжевых сортов: от 0 до 0,63. Максимальное соотношение у красных сортообразцов было характерно для линии 230-16. Наибольшие уровни ликопина у красных сортов были установлены для штамбовых линий 198-16 и 86 F1 (11,5 и 8,7 мг/100 г соответственно). У желтых сортов максимальное содержание β-каротина выявлено для линии 53-16 F1 (4,1 мг/100 г), у оранжевых – у линии 184-16 (6,2 мг/100 г). Все изученные образцы томата с оранжевыми плодами имели содержание β-каротина выше, чем в стандартном образце, и довольно высокое содержание ликопина для данной группы, что свидетельствует о высокой пищевой ценности данного продукта. Сбалансированное содержание ликопина и β-каротина и низкий показатель кислотности в плодах с розовыми и желто-оранжевыми плодами делают плоды таких сортов наиболее ценными для питания детей и диетического питания людей с проблемами заболевания пищеварительной системы

Prospects of searching for unstable nucleus states in relativistic nuclear fragmentation

The article is dedicated to the experimental study in the relativistic approach to the problems of nuclear cluster physics for the prospects of the \href{http://becquerel.jinr.ru/}{BECQUEREL} experiment. The nuclear emulsion method applied in this experiment makes it possible to study thoroughly the relativistic final states in the fragmentation of nuclei. The focus of the presented research is the dynamics of emergence of the $^{8}$Be nucleus and the Hoyle state, as well as the search for the 4$\alpha$-particle condensate decaying via the above nuclear states. In this context, the analysis of exposure to $^{84}$Kr nuclei at 950 MeV/nucleon is shown. As a continuation of the study of light nuclei, we have demonstrated the search for the isobar-analogue state of the $^{13}$N nucleus in the fragmentation of $^{14}$N nuclei at 2 GeV/nucleon.Comment: Presented at XVth Cherenkov Readings https://x4u.lebedev.ru/che2022/announce_ru-RU.html; submitted to Physics of Atomic Nuclei