Studi Gambaran Histopatologis Hepar, Pulmo, Lien dan Otak Serta Uji Serologis pada Tikus (Rattus Norvegicus) yang Diinfeksi Toxoplasma Gondii

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the intracellular obligate parasite of Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) causes severe infections in infants or children who are congenitally infected and immunocompromised individuals. Rats are one source of natural transmission of toxoplasmosis in cats and cats will release oosysts with feces that will contaminate the environment that can be a source of transmission for other animals and humans. This study aims to determine the histopathological features of hepatic, pulmo, lienand cerebellum organ and serological tests in mice infected with T. gondii. Twenty rats of Wistar strains infected T. gondii strain RH stadium takizoit (107). On days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 15 post infection, mice were drawn blood forserological tests using commercial kit PastorexTM Toxo (Biorad, France). After the blood is taken, the rats are dietanized for liver organ samples, pulmo, lien and brain for histopathologic examination. The results showed thatserologic test was positive after the 5th postoperative day. The histopathologic results of day 1 postinfection appear to be takizoit T. gondii in the liver and brain. The formation of takizoit in the pulmo appears on the 7th day postinfection

Pre-slaughter Stress Estimation by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis

The objective of the study was to analyze the potential of fourier transform infrared (FTIR) asstress estimation instrument through measurement of catecholamine (CA) and cortisol (CO) levels byinvasive and non-invasive methods. Twelve heads of Ongole grade (PO) cow from slaughterhouse wereused in this study. Twenty four urine samples of pre-slaughter and slaughtering were collected toevaluate the CA and CO levels by ELISA method and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Data of CAand CO levels were statistically analyzed to determine the difference between pre slaughter andslaughter conditions. FTIR spectra were analyzed using chemo-metrics software. The results showedthat the levels of urinary cortisol were 2.12±1.68 ng/dl of pre-slaughter and 7.58±3.89 ng/dl ofslaughtered and the levels of urinary catecholamine in pre slaughter and slaughter were 3.07±2.05 and4.15±2.68 ng/dl respectively. The results showed a correlation between the FTIR spectra and the resultsof ELISA analysis. FTIR spectrums were distributed in different quadrants, this was caused bydifferences of CA and CO levels between pre-slaughter and slaughtered. It can be concluded that FTIRcan be supposed to analyze the status of stress in animals, especially in cattle

Profil Farmakokinetik Oksitetrasiklin Hidroklorid Dalam Berbagai Jaringan Tikus Sprague Dawley

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai kadar oksitetrasiklin hidroklorida dalam hati, ginjal dan otot tikus Sprague Dawley jantan untuk mendapatkan profil farmakokinetik dalam jaringan tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil absorpsi, distribusi, metabolisme dan ekskresi oksitetrasiklin hidroklorida pada berbagaai jaringan tubuh yang berbeda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pengambilan sampel jaringan setelah tikus disuntik senyawa oksitetrasiklin secara intravena dengan dosist unggal 20 mg/kg berat badan. Organ hati, ginjal dan otot diambil setelah t kus dietanasi menggunakan eter pada menit ke 1, 5, 15, 20, 30, 60, 120 dan 240. Selanjutnya semua sampel jaringan disimpan dalam freezer(-20'C) kemudian diekstraksi dan dianalisis serta diukur kadarnya menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatograph(HPLC). Parameter farmakokinetik obat ditentukan menggunakan model non kompartemen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kadar, profil dan parameter farmakokinetik oksitetrasiklin hidroklorida pada hati, ginjal dan otot yang menunjukkan perbedaan sifat distribusi, metabolisme dan ekskresi obat

Status Makromineral (Ca Dan P) Domba Yang Terinfestasi Ringan Dan Berat Cacing Strongil

Infestasi parasit gastlointestinal adalah salah satu penyebab defisiensi makromineral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi status makrominera(Ca dan P ) pada domba yang terinfestasi ringan dan berat oleh cacing strongil. Tiga puluh tujuh (37) ekor domba lokal, jantan, umur +12 bulan di daerah Sleman digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Domba di kelompokkan menjadi kelompok yang terinfestasi ringan( 26 ekor) dan kelompoky ang terinfestasbi erat (10 ekor) cacings hongil. Pengelompokkan domba didasarkan pada pemeriksaan parasitologi terhadap jumlah telur cacing per gram tinja. Setiap domba pada masing-masing kelompok diambil sampel darah sebanyak 5 mL melalui vena jugularis, selanjutnya dipisahkan plasmanya. Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan sebelum domba digembalakan atau diberi pakan. Plasma yang diperoleh disimpan pada suhu- 20'C sampai analisis mineral dilakukan. Analisis Ca dalam plasma dilakukan dengan metode o-Kresolpthalein Komplekson yang diuraikan oleh Ray Sarkerd an Chaunan( 1967), dan fosfat anorganik dalam plasma diperiksa dengan menggunakan metodef osfomolibdat( Kraft dan Duer, 1999). Pemeriksaan jumlah telur cacing dilakukan secara mikroskopik dengan menggunakan metode McMaster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa(1) 97% domba lokal, jantan, dewasa(± 12 bulan) di daerah Sleman terinfestasi cacing strongil, (2) infestasi ringan ( 1.000 epg) cacing strongil pada domba tampaknya tidak menimbulkan gejala klinis atau gangguan patologis yang dapat mengganggu metabolisme makromineral( Ca dan P), dan (3) stafus domba yang terinfestasi ringan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata dengan domba yang terinfestasi berat dan status makrominerapl ada kedua kelompok tersebut masih dalam batas nilai fisiologisnorm(Ca:9,65±0,29 d an 10,60 ±.0,46m g/dl dan (P:6,61r0,25dan6,76±0,38mg/dl)

WATER STRESS AND WATER REQUIREMENT OF SORGHUM: CASE STUDY OF DRY AREAS IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE

East Nusa Tenggara Province, known as a dry area in Indonesia with sub optimal soil and uncertain climate. Although sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is known to be suitable plant in this area, the sub optimal soil and the long period of dry season often become constraint for the cultivation. Sorghums still need enough water during their period of life. Research conducted in the green house and in the field in Cibinong indicated that water deficit will affect the physiological characteristics. To develop sorghums suitable for cultivation in the East Nusa Tenggara Province, simulation of water requirement of two types of sorghums with sub optimum soil was conducted. The simulation of crop factor and soil factor resulted that grain sorghum with stages and total life period of 130 days (vegetative, reproductive, maturity and harvesting stage) needs a total of 371 mm of water, and number to irrigate was 5 multiplicated by 58 mm. While sweet sorghum with stages and total life period of 140 days needs a total of 479 mm water, and number to irrigate 12 multiplicated by 40 mm. This simulation was very important in order to develop sorghums that can adapt to lacking of water environment by applying some water use efficiency technique

The Effect of Calcium and Phosphorus Dietary Level on Egg Production of the Bantul Local Duck

This study was conducted to determine the effect of various calcium and phosphorus levels on theproduction performance of Bantul Duck. A total of 270 female ducks, 26 weeks age, were used in thestudy with a 3x3 factorial treatment, which is a combination of three levels of Ca: 3.75; 3.25 and 2.75%and three levels of P: 0.45, 0.35 and 0.25%. Each treatment occupied three replication cages, each ofwhich consisted of 10 ducks. The experiment was conducted for 12 weeks.. Data recorded were: (a) feedintake (g/duck/day), (b) egg production (% HDA), and (c) feed conversion. All quantitative dataobtained during the study were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS computerprogram. The results of the variables recorded did not show significantly difference. Increasing Ca levelon feed showed an increasing trend of egg production. The average feed consumption ranged at 151-159g/duck/day; egg production was 75-84%, and the feed conversion was 184-212 g/egg

Preview of Estrogen, Progesterone and an Electrolite Plasma and the Act of Kidney on Sodium, Kalium, and Chorin of Bligon Goat's Estrous Cycle

. This research was aimed to obtain status of reproduction hormone and electrolyte plasma and kidney's act on electrolyte in normal estrous cycle of 4 healthy female Bligon goats. The electrolyte, hormone and electrolyte clearance study has done in the first day, 3rd–5th, 6th–16th, and 17th–18th day of oestrus cycle. Estrogen and progesterone were analyzed with ELISA, while Na, K, Cl were with spectrophotometer. The average difference for each parameter in any period of oestrus cycle was subject to analysis of variance continued by Turkey HSD. The average of estrogen in estrous cycle was 211.25–247.77 pg/dl potential to increase around the estrous and decrease in luteal period (3rd–5th day and 6th–16th estrous cycle), and progesterone was 0.21–0.70 ng/dl with significant increase in luteal period (3rd–5rd day and 6th–16th estrogen cycle). Na, K, Cl in plasma in estrous cycle were not significantly different. Conclusively, progesterone levels in the late luteal period of Bligon goat's estrous cycle was significantly higher than that in other periods of oestrus. Estrogen levels tended to increase prior to and during the periods of oestrus and decrease during the luteal period despite the lack of significant changes, also in status of plasma electrolytes and renal acts of electrolytes

Keterampilan Dasar Futsal Peserta Ektrakurikuler di SMK Ma'arif 1 Kebumen Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keterampilan dasar bermain futsal peserta ekstrakurikuler futsal SMK Ma'arif 1 Kebumen .Keterampilan dasar bermain futsal meliputi passing, controlling dan dribbling. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian deskripsi kuantitatif dengan satu variable tanpa membuat perbandingan dan menghubungkan dengan variabel lainnya .Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah Keterampilan dasar bermain futsal. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta ekstrakurikuler futsal SMK Ma'arif 1 Kebumen dengan jumlah 20 peserta. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey. Pada penelitian ini , dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen Tes Keterampilan Futsal FIK Jogja. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistic deskriptif yang beupa persentase. Hasil penelitian memperoleh nilai maksimum (paling lama) sebesar 69,55, nilai minimum (paling cepat) 44,15 dan rerata diperoleh sebesar 59,17 serta standar deviasi 6,79. Selanjutnya data dikategorikan sesuai dengan rumus yang telah ditentukan menjadi 5 kategori, yaitu Baik Sekali, Baik, Cukup, Kurang, dan Kurang Sekali. Dari hasil penelitian tentang survei keterampilan dasar bermain futsal peserta ekstrakurikuler futsal di SMK Ma'arif 1 Kebumen sebagai berikut : jumlah peserta dinyatakan baik sekali 0 siswa (0%), 10 siswa (50%) dinyatakan Baik, 5 siswa (25%) dinyatakan Cukup, 3 siswa (15%) dinyatakan Kurang, dan 2 siswa (10%) dinyatakan Kurang Sekali. Kata kunci : Futsal,Ekstrakurikuler,SMK Ma'arif 1 Kebume