Experimenting with the Gaze of a Conversational Agent

We have carried out a pilot experiment to investigate the effects of different eye gaze behaviors of a cartoon-like talking face on the quality of human-agent dialogues. We compared a version of the talking face that roughly implements some patterns of humanlike behavior with two other versions. We called this the optimal version. In one of the other versions the shifts in gaze were kept minimal and in the other version the shifts would occur randomly. The talking face has a number of restrictions. There is no speech recognition, so questions and replies have to\ud be typed in by the users of the systems. Despite this restriction we found that participants that conversed with the optimal agent appreciated the agent more than participants that conversed with the other agents. Conversations with the optimal version proceeded more efficiently. Participants needed less time to complete their task

Controlling the Gaze of Conversational Agents

We report on a pilot experiment that investigated the effects of different eye gaze behaviours of a cartoon-like talking face on the quality of human-agent dialogues. We compared a version of the talking face that roughly implements some patterns of human-like behaviour with\ud two other versions. In one of the other versions the shifts in gaze were kept minimal and in the other version the shifts would occur randomly. The talking face has a number of restrictions. There is no speech recognition, so questions and replies have to be typed in by the users\ud of the systems. Despite this restriction we found that participants that conversed with the agent that behaved according to the human-like patterns appreciated the agent better than participants that conversed with the other agents. Conversations with the optimal version also\ud proceeded more efficiently. Participants needed less time to complete their task

E-BioFlow: Different Perspectives on Scientific Workflows

We introduce a new type of workflow design system called\ud e-BioFlow and illustrate it by means of a simple sequence alignment workflow. E-BioFlow, intended to model advanced scientific workflows, enables the user to model a workflow from three different but strongly coupled perspectives: the control flow perspective, the data flow perspective, and the resource perspective. All three perspectives are of\ud equal importance, but workflow designers from different domains prefer different perspectives as entry points for their design, and a single workflow designer may prefer different perspectives in different stages of workflow design. Each perspective provides its own type of information, visualisation and support for validation. Combining these three perspectives in a single application provides a new and flexible way of modelling workflows

Disclosure with an emotional intelligent synthetic partner

To talk and write about one’s feelings has a beneficial effect on one’s physical and psychological health. More specifically, conversation evoking disclosure of emotions and traumatic events has a positive effect on one’s health, rather than chitchat. Astronauts on a mission are exposed to stressful situations, without the presence of a therapist or even comfortable communication with home base. Given that it is important one is able to express one’s feelings regularly, this situation clearly is a threat to success of enduring space missions. In this paper we discuss using an emotional intelligent relational agent to help solve this problem

Exercising heart failure patients:cardiac protection through preservation of mitochondrial function and substrate utilization?

Current heart failure (HF) therapy remains unable to substantially improve exercise capacity. Studies have shown that exercise training has beneficial effects on the heart in both health and disease. How mitochondria respond to exercise in this setting has, however, received less attention in literature. These beneficial effects may include protective changes in mitochondrial function and adaptations in substrate utilization. This review describes exercise-induced changes in cardiac metabolism, including changes in mitochondrial function and substrate utilization and their effects on cardiac function. We conclude that exercising HF patients can improve mitochondrial function and optimize substrate utilization, eventually improving or restoring cardiac function. This suggests that exercise itself should be incorporated in the HF treatment plan, to improve cardiac function and in term exercise capacity. Extending knowledge on mechanisms by which exercise exerts protective effects could potentially lead to development of therapies directed at improving mitochondrial function and substrate utilization in HF.</p

Exercise:a molecular tool to boost muscle growth and mitochondrial performance in heart failure?

Impaired exercise capacity is the key symptom of heart failure (HF) and is associated with reduced quality of life and higher mortality rates. Unfortunately, current therapies, although generally lifesaving, have only small or marginal effects on exercise capacity. Specific strategies to alleviate exercise intolerance may improve quality of life, while possibly improving prognosis as well. There is overwhelming evidence that physical exercise improves performance in cardiac and skeletal muscles in health and disease. Unravelling the mechanistic underpinnings of exercise-induced improvements in muscle function could provide targets that will allow us to boost exercise performance in HF. With the current review we discuss: (i) recently discovered signalling pathways that govern physiological muscle growth as well as mitochondrial quality control mechanisms that underlie metabolic adaptations to exercise; (ii) the mechanistic underpinnings of exercise intolerance in HF and the benefits of exercise in HF patients on molecular, functional and prognostic levels; and (iii) potential molecular therapeutics to improve exercise performance in HF. We propose that novel molecular therapies to boost adaptive muscle growth and mitochondrial quality control in HF should always be combined with some form of exercise training.</p