3,012 research outputs found
Dephasing of Local Vibrations in a Planar Lattice of Adsorbed Molecules
We investigate anharmonically coupled high- and low-frequency excitations in
a planar lattice of adsorbed molecules interacting with phonons of a crystal.
Dephasing of high-frequency local vibrations by low-frequency resonance modes
is described in terms of temperature Green's function. The equations obtained
are solved, first, with a small ratio of the anharmonic coupling coefficient
for high- and low-frequency modes to the resonance width, and second, in the
low-temperature limit. High-frequency spectral line positions and widths depend
on dispersion laws and resonance mode lifetimes. It is shown that lateral
interactions of low-frequency modes of adsorbed molecules can lead to a
significant narrowing of high-frequency spectral lines, which is consistent
with experimental data.Comment: REVTeX, 11 pages, no figure
Spin and chirality orderings of the one-dimensional Heisenberg spin glass with the long-range power-law interaction
The ordering of the one-dimensional Heisenberg spin glass interacting via the
long-range power-law interaction is studied by Monte Carlo simulations.
Particular attention is paid to the possible occurrence of the ``spin-chirality
decoupling'' for appropriate values of the power-law exponent \sigma. Our
result suggests that, for intermediate values of , the chiral-glass
order occurs at finite temperatures while the standard spin-glass order occurs
only at zero temperature.Comment: Proceedings of the Highly Frustrated Magnetism (HFM2006) conference.
To appear in a special issue of J. Phys. Condens. Matte
Measuring our universe from galaxy redshift surveys
Galaxy redshift surveys have achieved significant progress over the last
couple of decades. Those surveys tell us in the most straightforward way what
our local universe looks like. While the galaxy distribution traces the bright
side of the universe, detailed quantitative analyses of the data have even
revealed the dark side of the universe dominated by non-baryonic dark matter as
well as more mysterious dark energy (or Einstein's cosmological constant). We
describe several methodologies of using galaxy redshift surveys as cosmological
probes, and then summarize the recent results from the existing surveys.
Finally we present our views on the future of redshift surveys in the era of
Precision Cosmology.Comment: 82 pages, 31 figures, invited review article published in Living
Reviews in Relativity, http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2004-
Magneto-optics induced by the spin chirality in itinerant ferromagnet NdMoO
It is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally that the spin
chirality associated with a noncoplanar spin configuration produces a
magneto-optical effect. Numerical study of the two-band Hubbard model on a
triangle cluster shows that the optical Hall conductivity
is proportional to the spin chirality. The detailed comparative experiments on
pyrochlore-type molybdates MoO with Nd (Ising-like moments)
and Gd (Heisenberg-like ones) clearly distinguishes the two mechanisms,
i.e., spin chirality and spin-orbit interactions. It is concluded that for
=Nd, is dominated by the spin chirality for the dc
() and the incoherent intraband optical transitions between
Mo atoms.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. submitted to Phys. Rev.
A Cross-Whiskers Junction as a Novel Fabrication Process for Intrinsic Josephson Junction
A Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d cross-whiskers junction has been successfully discovered as
a novel intrinsic Josephson junction without using any technique for
micro-fabrication. Two Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d whisker crystals were placed crosswise
on a MgO substrate and heated at 850C for 30 min. They were electrically
connected at their c-planes. The measurement terminals were made at the four
ends of the whiskers. The I-V characteristics of the cross-whiskers junction at
5K were found to show a clear multiple-branch structure with a spacing of
approximately 15 mV that is a feature of the intrinsic Josephson junction. The
critical current density Jc was estimated to be 1170 A/cm2. The
branch-structure was strongly suppressed by the magnetic field above 1kOe.Comment: 4 pages, PDF fil
Computed Tomography Appearance of Hem-O-Lok Clips in Patients Who Have Undergone Laparoscopic Nephrectomy or Nephroureterectomy
Hem-O-Lok clips are radiopaque on computed tomography in patients who have undergone laparoscopic nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy
Comparative Chromosome Maps of Neotropical Rodents Necromys lasiurus and Thaptomys nigrita (Cricetidae) Established by ZOO-FISH
This work presents chromosome homology maps between Mus musculus (MMU) and 2 South American rodent species from the Cricetidae group: Necromys lasiurus (NLA, 2n = 34) and Thaptomys nigrita (TNI, 2n = 52), established by ZOO-FISH using mouse chromosome-specific painting probes. Extending previous molecular cytogenetic studies in Neotropical rodents, the purpose of this work was to delineate evolutionary chromosomal rearrangements in Cricetidae rodents and to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships among the Akodontini species. Our phylogenetic reconstruction by maximum parsimony analysis of chromosomal characters confirmed one consistent clade of all Neotropical rodents studied so far. In both species analyzed here, we observed the syntenic association of chromosome segments homologous to MMU 8/13, suggesting that this chromosome form is a synapomorphic trait exclusive to Neotropical rodents. Further, the previously described Akodontini-specific syntenic associations MMU 3/18 and MMU 6/12 were observed in N. lasiurus but not in T. nigrita, although the latter species is considered a member of the Akodontini tribe by some authors. Finally, and in agreement with this finding, N. lasiurus and Akodon serrensis share the derived fission of MMU 13, which places them as basal sister clades within Akodontini. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Base
The thermal operator representation for Matsubara sums
We prove in full generality the thermal operator representation for Matsubara
sums in a relativistic field theory of scalar and fermionic particles. It
states that the full result of performing the Matsubara sum associated to any
given Feynman graph, in the imaginary-time formalism of finite-temperature
field theory, can be directly obtained from its corresponding zero-temperature
energy integral, by means of a simple linear operator, which is independent of
the external Euclidean energies and whose form depends solely on the topology
of the graph.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, RevTe
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