2,040 research outputs found
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Alteration of the Nakhlite Lava Pile: was water on the surface, seeping down, or at depth, percolating up? Evidence (such as it is) from carbonates
We present carbon and oxygen isotope data on carbonates in five nakhlites and use the results to interpret the martian weathering processes
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Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Shergottite RBT 04262
This abstract presents mineralogical and geochemical data on newly discovered shergottite RBT 04262 and compares it with other known shergottites
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Were Presolar Grains Destroyed by the Nebular Process Responsible for the Volatile Element Fractionation?
We present SiC abundances from a number of CM and CR chondrites using NanoSIMS raster ion imaging of acid residues. We find higher SiC abundances for CRs than previously estimated based on noble gases
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Lifelong Bilingualism Maintains White Matter Integrity in Older Adults
Previous research has shown that bilingual speakers have higher levels of cognitive control than comparable monolinguals, especially at older ages. The present study investigates a possible neural correlate of this behavioral effect. Given that white matter (WM) integrity decreases with age in adulthood, we tested the hypothesis that bilingualism is associated with maintenance of WM in older people. Using diffusion tensor imaging, we found higher WM integrity in older people who were lifelong bilinguals than in monolinguals. This maintained integrity was measured by fractional anisotropy (FA) and was found in the corpus callosum extending to the superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculi. We also hypothesized that stronger WM connections would be associated with more widely distributed patterns of functional connectivity in bilinguals. We tested this by assessing the resting-state functional connectivity of frontal lobe regions adjacent to WM areas with group differences in FA. Bilinguals showed stronger anterior to posterior functional connectivity compared to monolinguals. These results are the first evidence that maintained WM integrity is related to lifelong naturally occurring experience; the resulting enhanced structural and functional connectivity may provide a neural basis for “brain reserve.
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Identification (or otherwise) of martian carbon in martian meteorites
One of the goals of current martian exploration is to search for evidence of extinct (or even extant) life. In recent years, this goal has been interpreted as a search for evidence of water on Mars’ surface. The success of instrumentation (high resolution cameras and infrared spectrometers) on orbiting spacecraft, coupled with in situ data from the MER rovers have revolutionized our understanding of the surface of Mars, the type of rocks and minerals pre-sent, and their stratigraphy [1 and subsequent papers]. It is clear that there has been extensive and intensive aqueous action at different periods in Mars’ history, and evidence for water is, to all intents and purposes, irrefutable. It is now time to define the next phase in the search for life as a search for regions of habitability on Mars [2]. A search for life could also be seen as a search for carbon, as one of the major assumptions that has been made in the search for life on Mars is that any life present is likely to be carbon-based
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