Data mining of the essential causes of different types of fatal construction accidents

Accident analysis is used to discover the causes of workplace injuries and devise methods for preventing them in the future. There has been little discussion in the previous studies of the specific elements contributing to deadly construction accidents. In contrast to previous studies, this study focuses on the causes of fatal construction accidents based on management factors, unsafe site conditions, and workers' unsafe actions. The association rule mining technique identifies the hidden patterns or knowledge between the root causes of fatal construction accidents, and one hundred meaningful association rules were extracted from the two hundred and fifty-three rules generated. It was discovered that many fatal construction accidents were caused by management factors, unsafe site circumstances, and risky worker behaviors. These analyses can be used to demonstrate plausible cause-and-effect correlations, assisting in building a safer working environment in the construction sector. The study findings can be used more efficiently to design effective inspection procedures and occupational safety initiatives. Finally, the proposed method should be tested in a broader range of construction situations and scenarios to ensure that it is as accurate as possible

Developments in Nanoparticles Enhanced Biofuels and Solar Energy in Malaysian Perspective: A Review of State of the Art

The rapid rise in global oil prices, the scarcity of petroleum sources, and environmental concerns have all created severe issues. As a result of the country's rapid expansion and financial affluence, Malaysia's energy consumption has skyrocketed. Biodiesel and solar power are currently two of the most popular alternatives to fossil fuels in Malaysia. These two types of renewable energy sources appear to be viable options because of their abundant availability together with environmental and performance competence to highly polluting and fast depleting fossil fuels. The purpose of adopting renewable technology is to expand the nation's accessibility to a reliable and secure power supply. The current review article investigates nonconventional energy sources added with nanosized metal particles called as nanomaterials including biodiesel and solar, as well as readily available renewable energy options. Concerning the nation's energy policy agenda, the sources of energy demand are also investigated. The article evaluates Malaysia's existing position in renewable energy industries, such as biodiesel and solar, as well as the impact of nanomaterials. This review article discusses biodiesel production, applications, and government policies in Malaysia, as well as biodiesel consumption and recent developments in the bioenergy sector, such as biodiesel property modifications utilizing nanoparticle additions. In addition, the current review study examines the scope of solar energy, different photovoltaic concentrators, types of solar energy harvesting systems, photovoltaic electricity potential in Malaysia, and the experimental setup of solar flat plate collectors (FPC) with nanotechnology

Physico-mechanical properties and shielding efficiency in relation to mineralogical and geochemical compositions of Um Had granitoid, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt

The current work aims to describe the physico-mechanical characteristics and shielding efficiency with reference to the mineralogical and geochemical compositions of the Neoproterozoic Um Had composite granitoid pluton in order to deduce their favorability as dimension stones. The Um Had granitoid pluton has an elliptical outline with a mean diameter of about 10 km. This pluton is a composite (ranging from white to reddish pink color), hard, massive, and medium- to coarse-grained granitoid body. It is classified as syenogranite according to their modal and bulk chemical compositions. Geochemically, the granitoid pluton is a highly calc-alkaline, peraluminous granite, formed by low degree partial melting of tonalitic source rock in a post-collisional tectonic setting. The physico-mechanical properties of the granitoid pluton under study satisfy the requirements of dimension stone in terms of their bulk density (from 2561 to 2564 kg/m3), and to some extent water absorption capacity (from 0.38% to 0.55%). However, their compressive strength values (50.4–113.4 MPa) do not achieve the minimum requirement for interior use and light duty exterior use. This study delves into the potential of some of our syenogranite samples (I, IIA, IIS, and 10) as gamma radiation shielding materials. We have assessed the mass attenuation coefficient (GMAC), effective atomic number (Zeff), exposure build-up factor (EBF), and energy absorption build-up factor (EABF) for each of these samples. The GMAC and Zeff calculations were performed using the Phy-X online software, across a photon energy range of 0.015–15 MeV. Our findings suggest an inverse relationship between photon energy and GMAC, with the highest values observed for the (I) granite sample (∼18). This study shows the promising radiation shielding capacity of our samples. The insights derived from GMAC, Zeff, EBF, and EABF can serve as a guide for the development of effective, naturally sourced radiation shielding materials. Copyright © 2023 Rashwan, Lasheen, Abdelwahab, Azer, Zakaly, Alarifi, Ene and Thabet.King Saud University, KSUThis research was supported by the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2023R496), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Comprehensive structural evaluation of composite materials in 3D-printed shin guards

This study introduces a novel approach to designing and fabricating lightweight football shin guards, leveraging advanced digital anatomical capture of players' shins and 3D printing techniques. Using Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and carbon fiber (CF) composites, the 3D-printed shin guards showcased enhanced tensile, compressive, and flexural properties. Impressively, the patterned structure facilitated a 42 % weight reduction compared to its solid counterpart. Mechanical tests confirmed the consistent behavior of the printed samples, independent of their raster orientation. This consistency emphasizes the promise of expanded 3D printing utility in sports gear production. Surface and compositional evaluations were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), revealing a uniform fiber distribution. Notably, at 70 % and 30 % infill densities, PETG/CF met the predefined criteria; in the solid structure, its compressive strength overshadowed its tensile strength yet remained below its flexural strength. The pattern structure, particularly at 0° orientation, showed marked tensile advantages over the solid format. With the fundamental role of shin guards in preventing football injuries, this research paves the way for optimized protection, as many players presently utilize shin guards made from PETG, CF, or potent PETG/CF combinations

Fig. 8. Thermal conductivity and aspect ratio with MWCNT composites (%)

For single carbon fiber, its thermal conductivity can be estimated when average temperature rise and the heat generated rate are measured for similar system

Resistance vs. time changes for conductive PAN carbonized fibers.

Show three factors the conductivity behavior of current, resistance and voltage values during supplying AC power. The flexible, as well as wearable strain sensors, tend to convert existing mechanical deformation into electrical signals that are pursued in a large assortment of applications as soft robotic

The moisture gains of non-coated glass samples heat treated at 22o, 60o, 90o & 120o, The moisture gains of bottom-top coated glass samples heat treated at 22o, 60o, 90o & 120o

displays the moisture gain and equilibrium of glass fiber composite in DI water vs. immersion tim

FTIR Analysis for the carbon fiber composite (no coat)

show the highest peak at 3744 to 3373 cm-1, which means that there was a presence of Hydroxyl groups and there was O-H stretching vibration and intermolecular H-bonde

Fig 21. The comparison of PAN conductivity carbon fiber from several studies.

Fig. 21 summarized this research works and showing the conductivity value of PAN carbon fibers weight percentage